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W12 engine: Difference between revisions

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The 6.0-liter W12 is a compact engine arrangement used in the [[Volkswagen]] / [[Audi]] AG vehicles, [[Audi A8|A8]], [[Volkswagen Phaeton|Phaeton]], and [[Bentley Continental GT|Continental GT]] and GTC. The "double-vee" arrangement allows for a small overall size in comparison with a tradition V- or Flat 12 engine. This engine made its debut in the 1999 [[Volkswagen]] W12 Nardo concept supercar. The arrangement is also used in the 4.0-liter [[W8]] used in the 2004-2006 [[Volkswagen Passat]] and the 8.0-liter [[W16]] of the [[Bugatti]] [[Bugatti Veyron|Veyron]] 16.4.
[[Image:W12_Engine_front.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Volkswagen AG W12 Engine]]
 
The 6.0-liter W12 is a compact engine arrangement used in the [[Volkswagen]] / [[Audi]] AG vehicles, [[Audi A8|A8]], [[Volkswagen Phaeton|Phaeton]], and [[Bentley Continental GT|Continental GT]] and GTC. The "double-vee" arrangement allows for a small overall size in comparison with a tradition V- or Flat 12 engine. This engine made its debut in 1997 [[Volkswagen]] W12 Nardo concept supercar at the Tokyo Motor Show. The arrangement is also used in the 4.0-liter [[W8]] used in the 2004-2006 [[Volkswagen Passat]] and the 8.0-liter [[W16]] of the [[Bugatti]] [[Bugatti Veyron|Veyron]] 16.4.


== Technical ==
== Technical ==
The Nardo version of the W12 was 5.6-liters in displacement with a length of only 20.1 inches, and a width of 27.6 inches. It produced a claimed 420 hp @ 5800 RPM and 390 lb-ft of torque @ 3000 RPM.
<br><br>
The Volkswagen Phaeton W12 uses a detuned version of the A8 engine producing 444 hp @ 6000 RPM and 406 lb-ft of torque at 3250 RPM. The compression ratio is also lower at 10.5 : 1.
<br><br>
The Bentley Continental Flying Spur, Continental GT and Continental GTC all use a twin-turbocharged version producing 552 hp (560PS/411kW) @ 6100 RPM and 479 lb ft (650Nm) of torque @ 1600 RPM. The compression ratio of this version is 9.0 : 1.
<br><br>


<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
The full specifications for the Audi A8L W12 are courtesy of [http://www.audiworld.com/model/ the Audi Technical Specifications]
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=2>
'''W12 Nardo'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=2>
Dimensions
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Displacement
</td>
<td>
5.6-Liters
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Length
</td>
<td>
20.1 inches
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Width
</td>
<td>
27.6 inches
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=2>
Output
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Horsepower
</td>
<td>
420 @ 5800 RPM
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Torque
</td>
<td>
390 @ 3000 RPM
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br>
<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
Line 67: Line 18:
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Line 72: Line 24:
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
DOHC aluminum alloy 15 degree V-angle and 72 degree <br>bank angle W12
DOHC aluminum allow 15-degree V-angle, 72-degree bank angle W12
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=2>
Dimensions
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Displacement
Displacment
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
Line 110: Line 57:
<td>
<td>
11.0 : 1
11.0 : 1
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=2>
Output
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Horsepower
Fuel Requirement
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
450 @ 6200 RPM
Premium unleaded 91 AKI / 95 RON
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Torque (lb-ft)
Horsepower (SAE)
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
428 @ 4000-4700 RPM
450 @ 6200 RPM
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br>
<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=2>
'''VW Phaeton W12'''
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Type
Torque (lb-ft)
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
DOHC aluminum alloy 15 degree V-angle and 72 degree <br>bank angle W12
428 @ 4000-4700 RPM
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=2>
<td colspan=2>
Dimensions
Engine Design
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Displacement
Cylinder Block
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
6.0-Liters (366 cu. in.)
Aluminum silicon alloy (Alusil)
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Bore
Crankshaft
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
3.31 inches (84 mm)
Forged, heat treated steel, 7 bearings. Offset crankpins. 21.2 kg
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Stroke
Cylinder Head
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
3.55 inches (90.2 mm)
Aluminum Alloy
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Compression Ratio
Valvetrain/Intake
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
10.8 : 1
DOHC, double overhead camshafts driven by a single chain, low friction roller cam followers,<br>
</td>
2 inlet and 2 exhaust valves per cylinder. Infinitely variable timing control for camshafts<br>
</tr>
(52-degrees at inlet and 22-degrees at exhaust valves)
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=2>
Output
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Horsepower
Firing Order
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
444 @ 6000 RPM
1 - 12 - 5 - 8 - 3 -10 - 6 - 7 - 2 - 11 - 4 - 9
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Torque (lb-ft)
Cooling System
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
406 @ 3250 RPM
Water-cooled, thermostatically controlled radiator fan. Water pump in cylinder block/crankcase <br>
</td>
map-controlled electronically controlled continued coolant circulation pump, coolant thermostat, <br>
</tr>
hydraulic fan and electric fan, coolant circulation, and water cooled alternator.
</table>
<br>
<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=2>
'''Bentley Continental Flying Spur/Continental GT/Continental GTC W12'''
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Type
Lubrication System
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
DOHC aluminum alloy 15 degree V-angle and 72 degree <br>bank angle W12 twin turbocharged and intercooled
gear pump, pressure lubrication, full flow through oil cooler
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=2>
Dimensions
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Displacement
Fuel Injection/<br>
Ignition System
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
6.0-Liters (366 cu. in.)
Fully electronic engine management system utilizing Bosch Motronic ME7.1.1, sequential injection with <br>
electronic throttle control, hot-film air-mass sensing, cylinder selective knock control via 4 sensors <br>
and permanent lamda control.
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Bore
Emission System
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
3.31 inches (84 mm)
Air gap insulated exhaust manifolds, 4 close-coupled 3-way ceramic catalytic converters, 8 oxygen sensors
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Stroke
</td>
<td>
3.55 inches (90.2 mm)
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Compression Ratio
</td>
<td>
9.0 : 1
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=2>
<td colspan=2>
Output
Capacities
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Horsepower
Engine Oil
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
552 (560PS/411kW) @ 6100 RPM
13 qt. (12.5 l)
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
<td>
Torque (lb-ft)
Cooling System
</td>
</td>
<td>
<td>
479 (650Nm) @ 1600 RPM
19.972 qt. (18.9 l)
</td>
</td>
</tr>
</tr>
</table>
</table>
== Images ==
<gallery>
Image:W12 block.jpg|The cast aluminum block clearly shows the four banks of cylinders.
Image:W12 components.jpg
Image:W12_cylinder_head.jpg|The complex chain driven camshafts.
Image:W12cutaway.jpg
</gallery>
==See Also==
{{Piston engine configurations}}
[[Category:Engines]]

Latest revision as of 11:43, 29 October 2008

Volkswagen AG W12 Engine

The 6.0-liter W12 is a compact engine arrangement used in the Volkswagen / Audi AG vehicles, A8, Phaeton, and Continental GT and GTC. The "double-vee" arrangement allows for a small overall size in comparison with a tradition V- or Flat 12 engine. This engine made its debut in 1997 Volkswagen W12 Nardo concept supercar at the Tokyo Motor Show. The arrangement is also used in the 4.0-liter W8 used in the 2004-2006 Volkswagen Passat and the 8.0-liter W16 of the Bugatti Veyron 16.4.

Technical

The Nardo version of the W12 was 5.6-liters in displacement with a length of only 20.1 inches, and a width of 27.6 inches. It produced a claimed 420 hp @ 5800 RPM and 390 lb-ft of torque @ 3000 RPM.

The Volkswagen Phaeton W12 uses a detuned version of the A8 engine producing 444 hp @ 6000 RPM and 406 lb-ft of torque at 3250 RPM. The compression ratio is also lower at 10.5 : 1.

The Bentley Continental Flying Spur, Continental GT and Continental GTC all use a twin-turbocharged version producing 552 hp (560PS/411kW) @ 6100 RPM and 479 lb ft (650Nm) of torque @ 1600 RPM. The compression ratio of this version is 9.0 : 1.

The full specifications for the Audi A8L W12 are courtesy of the Audi Technical Specifications

A8L W12

Type

DOHC aluminum allow 15-degree V-angle, 72-degree bank angle W12

Displacment

6.0-Liters (366 cu. in.)

Bore

3.31 inches (84 mm)

Stroke

3.55 inches (90.2 mm)

Compression Ratio

11.0 : 1

Fuel Requirement

Premium unleaded 91 AKI / 95 RON

Horsepower (SAE)

450 @ 6200 RPM

Torque (lb-ft)

428 @ 4000-4700 RPM

Engine Design

Cylinder Block

Aluminum silicon alloy (Alusil)

Crankshaft

Forged, heat treated steel, 7 bearings. Offset crankpins. 21.2 kg

Cylinder Head

Aluminum Alloy

Valvetrain/Intake

DOHC, double overhead camshafts driven by a single chain, low friction roller cam followers,
2 inlet and 2 exhaust valves per cylinder. Infinitely variable timing control for camshafts
(52-degrees at inlet and 22-degrees at exhaust valves)

Firing Order

1 - 12 - 5 - 8 - 3 -10 - 6 - 7 - 2 - 11 - 4 - 9

Cooling System

Water-cooled, thermostatically controlled radiator fan. Water pump in cylinder block/crankcase
map-controlled electronically controlled continued coolant circulation pump, coolant thermostat,
hydraulic fan and electric fan, coolant circulation, and water cooled alternator.

Lubrication System

gear pump, pressure lubrication, full flow through oil cooler

Fuel Injection/
Ignition System

Fully electronic engine management system utilizing Bosch Motronic ME7.1.1, sequential injection with
electronic throttle control, hot-film air-mass sensing, cylinder selective knock control via 4 sensors
and permanent lamda control.

Emission System

Air gap insulated exhaust manifolds, 4 close-coupled 3-way ceramic catalytic converters, 8 oxygen sensors

Capacities

Engine Oil

13 qt. (12.5 l)

Cooling System

19.972 qt. (18.9 l)

Images

  • The cast aluminum block clearly shows the four banks of cylinders.

  • W12 components.jpg

  • The complex chain driven camshafts.

  • W12cutaway.jpg

See Also

Piston engine configurations
v • d • e
Type Bourke • Controlled combustion • Deltic •Orbital • Piston • Pistonless (Wankel) • Radial • Rotary • Single • Split cycle • Stelzer • Tschudi
Inline types H · U · Square four · VR · Opposed · X
Stroke cycles Two-stroke cycle • Four-stroke cycle • Six-stroke cycle
Straight Single · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 8 · 10 · 12 · 14
Flat 2 · 4 · 6 · 8 · 10 · 12 · 16
V 4 · 5 · 6 · 8 · 10 · 12 · 16 · 20 · 24
W 8 · 12 · 16 · 18
Valves Cylinder head porting • Corliss • Slide • Manifold • Multi • Piston • Poppet • Sleeve • Rotary valve • Variable valve timing • Camless
Mechanisms Cam • Connecting rod • Crank • Crank substitute • Crankshaft • Scotch Yoke • Swashplate • Rhombic drive
Linkages Evans • Peaucellier–Lipkin • Sector straight-line • Watt's (parallel)
Other Hemi • Recuperator • Turbo-compounding
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