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Buick Park Avenue

2010-08-09T21:10:23Z

Lincolnfan2010:

Buick Enclave

2010-08-09T21:08:44Z

Lincolnfan2010:

Buick Lucerne

2010-08-09T21:08:03Z

Lincolnfan2010:

Buick LaCrosse

2010-08-09T21:03:08Z

Lincolnfan2010:

Buick Regal

2010-08-09T20:58:40Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{{Infobox |
|Image = [[Image:Buick-Regal-China-4small.jpg|300px]]
|Marque = [[Buick]]
|aka = [[General Motors Insignia|Opel/Vauxhall Insignia]]
|Production = 1973–2004<br>2009–present (China)<br>2010–present (North America)
|Class = '''denote market class'''
|Body Style = 4-door, 5-seat Sedan
|Length = 107.8 in (2738 mm)
|Width = 73.1 in (1857 mm)
|Height = 58.4 in (1483 mm)
|Wheelbase = 107.8 in (2738 mm)
|Weight = '''Weight - you get the point'''
|Transmission = 6-speed Manual, AWD
|Engine = 2.4 litre ''naturally-aspirated'' ''[[GM Ecotec engine|Ecotec]]'' [[Inline-4]]<br>2.0 litre ''turbocharged'' ''[[GM Ecotec engine|Ecotec]]'' [[Inline-4]]<br>2.0 litre ''turbocharged'' DI ''[[GM Ecotec engine|Ecotec]]'' [[Inline-4]]
|Power = 182 hp @ N/A rpm<br>N/A lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm><br><br>220 hp @ N/A rpm<br>258 lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm<br><br>255 hp @ N/A rpm<br>295 lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm
|Similar = [[Acura TSX]]
|Designer = '''Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)'''
}}
The '''Buick Regal''' was a mid-size car produced by [[General Motors]]' [[Buick]] division from 1973 through 2004, during which Buick also used the Century name on mid-size models; the two frequently shared bodies and powertrains. Since then, the Regal nameplate carried on in the then-burgeoning Chinese market. In 2009, however, GM announced the return of the Regal nameplate in the US market for model year 2010, based on the [[General Motors Insignia]] body.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Wikicars:Model Review Template|<MODEL> Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
*Buick follows up the ressurection of the Regal nameplate for the US market with the launch of the performance-oriented '''Regal GS'''.[http://www.autoblog.com/2010/01/07/buick-regal-gs-brings-performance-back-to-trishield-brand/]

<gallery>
Image:Buick Regal.jpg
Image:Buick-regal-gs-press03.jpg
Image:Buick-regal-gs-press02.jpg
Image:Buick-regal-gs-press04.jpg
Image:Buick-regal-gs-press08.jpg
</gallery>

*General Motors has confirmed that the Opel/Vauxhall Insignia will come to the US market as the Buick Regal. The US-spec Regal is slightly different from the Chinese market model, as it has been modified to comply with US regulations. It is expected to come with two [[GM Ecotec engine|Ecotec]] engine options: 2.4 litre four pot, as base, with 182 hp and returning 30 mpg and a 2.0 liter direct-injected ''turbocharged'' Inline-4 which with 220 hp, ''Interactive Drive Control System'' and 29 MPG highway economy. Both are attached to a six speed automatic transmission. [http://jalopnik.com/5402605/buick-regal-is-back-gets-turbocharged]

<gallery>
Image:2011-Buick-Regal-11.jpg
Image:2011-Buick-Regal-12.jpg
Image:2011-Buick-Regal-8.jpg
Image:2011-Buick-Regal-6.jpg
</gallery>

*For December 2009, The Regal nameplate is resurrected for the Chinese market by Shangahai GM, based on the [[General Motors Insignia|Opel/Vauxhall Insignia]] and will be offered either a 165 hp 2.4 litre ''naturally-aspirated'' ''[[GM Ecotec engine|Ecotec]]'' four-pot or a 217 hp 2.0 litre turbocharged ''[[GM Ecotec engine|Ecotec]]'' mill. All variants will come attached to six-speed manual gearbox. [http://carscoop.blogspot.com/2008/11/new-buick-regal-opel-insignia-based.html]

<gallery>
Image:Buick-Regal-China-0.png
Image:Buick-Regal-China-3.jpg
Image:Buick-Regal-China-12.jpg
Image:Buick-Regal-China-11.jpg
Image:Buick-Regal-China-7.jpg
</gallery>

===Styles and Major Options===
Certain [[automobile|vehicles]] come in different trim levels or body styles. Features and major options should be mentioned here.

===Pricing===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | CX
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | CXL
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | GS
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $26,995
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Trim'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
[[Image:Buick-Regal-China-8.jpg|thumb|400px|right]]
Specifications, details, graphs, pictures and other information regarding the powertrain is placed in this section.
{{-}}

===Performance===
Please make sure to '''''write information of the vehicle's performance in a third-person point of view'''''. This section should include information about the car's '''acceleration figures''', '''handling''', '''braking''', etc.

If using information gathered from Road Test articles from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

===Reliability===
Warranty options and scheduled maintainence information should be mentioned here.

===Safety===
[[Image:Buick-Regal-China-1.jpg|thumb|right|400px]]
This section should reference points on safety ratings and features of the vehicle.
{{-}}

===Photos===

<gallery>
Image:Buick Regal.jpg
Image:00buickregal.jpg
Image:1987 BUICK REGAL GNX.jpg|1987 Buick Grand National
</gallery>

Add ''Photos'' of the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

'''''Please make sure not to use copyrighted photos.'''''

===Colors===
List the colors that the particular <MODEL> is offered in.

===Main Competitors===
Create links to other <MAKE> <MODEL> pages in this section.

==Hybrid Models==
If there are [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] versions of this vehicle manufactured, then please elaborate a little bit on it here.

==Unique Attributes==
If there are any features of this [[automobile|vehicle]] that sets it apart from other [[automobile|vehicles]] in its class, then mention those ''unique attributes'' here.

==Interior==
This section should include information on the interior's ''design'', ''build quality'', ''ergonomics'', ''space (head and legroom, front and rear)'', ''features'', ''stowage compartments'' and ''overall comfortability'' and ''livability''. Add pictures wherever applicable and '''''keep information in a third-person point of view'''''.

==Resale Values==
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''<MODEL> Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X-3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
|}

==Criticisms==
Please make sure to '''''keep critiques in a third-person point of view'''''. If using criticisms from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

==Generations==
Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary and pictures wherever applicable.

'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

===2009 Reintroduction===
[[Image:2011 Buick Regal GS.jpg|thumb|Description]]

An article on Edmund's Inside Line has stated that the Regal will be reintroduced to the North American market to replace the LaCrosse. This model will be based on the new GM Epsilon platform (the W-body is scheduled to be discontinued in 2010), and will be built and sold in both North America and China. Major exterior and interior design has come from PATAC and is the design that was originally planned for a next generation LaCrosse for North America.

===Fourth generation (1997–2004)===

Production 1997–2004
Body style(s) 4-door sedan
Layout FF layout
Platform GM W platform
Engine(s) 3.8 L V6
Transmission(s) 4-speed 4T65-E automatic
Wheelbase 109.0 in
Length 196.2 in
Width 72.7 in
Height 56.6 in
Fuel capacity 17.5 US gal
Related Buick Century
Chevrolet Impala
Chevrolet Lumina
Chevrolet Monte Carlo
Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme
Oldsmobile Intrigue
Pontiac Grand Prix

In 1997, the Century and the Regal once again became versions of the same car, sitting on a revised W platform that was shared with the Oldsmobile Intrigue, the Pontiac Grand Prix, and the Chevrolet Impala. The Regal's length was longer than the Century. A four-door sedan was the only model offered, and differences were mostly cosmetic. As the upmarket version, the Regal offered larger engines and fancier trim, and once again boasted a newer version of the 3.8 L V6. While the Century was mainly a reliable, economy-minded car based upon the W-body, the Regal was fitted with many amenities, including heated leather seats, a Monsoon 8-speaker surround sound system, dual climate control, and expansive interior space. Few changes occurred during this version's seven-year run.
This period held the fastest Buick since the days of the Grand National, the Buick Regal GS. This car was now supercharged instead of turbocharged and produced a very respectable 260 hp (179 kW) and 280 ft·lbf (380 N·m) of torque. It has gained a reputation amongst those who know automobiles as a 'sleeper', or a car that performs better than one would expect from its looks. When introduced in 1997, Buick advertised the Regal as the "car for the supercharged family".
====Engines====
*1997-2004 3.8 L Series II V6
*1997-2004 3.8 L Series II supercharged V6
====Regal LS and GS performance====

The 3800 Series II L67 Supercharged engine in a 1998 GS.
The Regal LS from the factory had a 1/4 mile ET of 15.8 seconds and could do 0-60 in under 8 seconds. The supercharged Regal GS had a 1/4 mile ET of 14.7 seconds, and acceleration to 60 MPH from a dead stop took only 6.6 seconds. Those times, especially with the Regal GS are impressively quick. The Regal GS, equipped with the supercharged 3.8 liter V6 engine (L67) also produced 280 lbs/ft of torque, giving the car the launch feel of a small block V8. The aftermarket for the L67 is massive and many Regal GS owners have their cars running in the low 13s to high 12s in the quarter-mile with relatively few and inexpensive mods.

===Third generation (1988–1996)===

Production 1988–1996
Body style(s) 2-door coupe
4-door sedan
Layout FF layout
Platform GM W platform
Engine(s) 2.8 L X V6
3.1 L X V6
3.8 L Buick V6
Transmission(s) 4-speed 4T60-E automatic
Wheelbase 107.5 in
Length 193.9 in (coupe)
194.1 in (sedan)
Width 72.9 in
Height 54.6 in (coupe)
56.3 in (sedan)
Fuel capacity 17.1 US gal
Related Chevrolet Lumina
Chevrolet Monte Carlo
Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme
Pontiac Grand Prix

====W-body Regal Coupe====
A new Regal appeared in 1988 on the GM W platform. This version both departed from and returned to Regal tradition. It was a departure in being the first front-wheel drive model, and in having no serious performance option or edition; there was no V8 engine and the V6 no longer offered a turbocharger. It did return to the original concept, however, in being offered as a coupe only, aimed once again squarely at the personal luxury buyer. The decline in that market, though, was becoming noticeable to all the manufacturers, and in 1990 the Regal again had a four-door sedan version (as did the Grand Prix the same year). This generation ran with few changes for nine years.
The Regal was offered in base Custom and upscale Limited trim lines, with a Gran Sport appearance package added in 1991. The 3.8 L V6 was unique to the Regal, giving the car some performance to differentiate it from the Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme and Pontiac Grand Prix, with which it shared many of its components. Anti-lock brakes were made standard on all but the base Custom cars in 1992, and the grille was redesigned again for 1993. Along with the new look came an electronically-controlled automatic transmission and LeSabre-like rear lights and bumper.
A driver's side airbag was added for 1994, though the motorized seatbelts remained. Other changes that year included the deletion of the Limited coupe, standard ABS on all models, standard power windows, and 20 hp (14.9 kW) more in the base engine. Dual airbags were new for 1995 along with a new interior. The large engine gained 35 hp (26 kW) for 1996, and only the Custom coupe remained. Although 1996 was the last year of this model, production continued into 1997 as the replacement model was late.

Facelifted Regal sedan
====Engines====
*1988-1989 2.8 L (170 in³) V6
*1989-1997 3.1 L (191 in³) 3100V6
*1990-1997 3.8 L (231 in³) BuickV6

===Second generation (1978–1987)===

Production 1978–1987
Body style(s) 2-door coupe
4-door sedan
4-door station wagon
Layout FR layout
Platform A-body (1978-1981)
G-body (1982-1987)
Engine(s) 231 in³ Buick V6
252 in³ Buick V6
267 in³ Chevrolet V8
307 in³ Oldsmobile V8
Transmission(s) 3-speed THM200 automatic
4-speed THM200-4R automatic
Related Buick Century
Chevrolet El Camino
Chevrolet Malibu
Chevrolet Monte Carlo
Oldsmobile Cutlass
Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme
Pontiac Bonneville
Pontiac Grand Am
Pontiac Grand Prix

A downsized Regal appeared for 1978 with a new version of Buick's venerable 231 in³ V6, a combination that lasted 9 years and helped give the Regal an unexpected reputation for performance. Nevertheless, it was still hampered (from a performance perspective) by a soft suspension, small wheels and tires and the unavailability of a manual transmission, largely because the intermediate personal luxury market was the Regal's intended target, not the sports car segment.
The 1978 Regal was noteworthy, as it could be equipped with a 3.8 L Turbocharged V-6 engine. Versions were offered with either a 2-bbl or a 4-bbl carburetor. The Buick LeSabre was also available with the turbocharged engine. The only other turbocharged cars available in the U.S. market in 1978 were imports from Saab and the Porsche 930. The Turbo Regal also included a firm ride and handling suspension with larger tires and sport wheels.
A facelift in 1981 gave the Regal a much more aerodynamic profile, helping make it possible for the car to compete on the NASCAR racing circuit, where it enjoyed several decent seasons and won the NASCAR manufacturers title in 1981 and 1982. V8s for street use were still available, but had shrunk to 265 in³, and the V6 was rapidly gaining popularity. In 1982, a new Century appeared on the front-wheel drive A-body, but the former rear-wheel drive Century sedan and wagon were not discontinued. These models were simply rebadged as Regals, and for the first time the name appeared on a full model lineup. From 1986 to 1987, the 5.0 L Olds 307 V8 was available as an option.

====Grand National and GNX====
T-Type Regal coupes, aimed at the performance market, appeared at this time, but the real news came in 1982, when the Regal Grand National appeared. Named for the NASCAR Grand National racing series, this car incorporated a 4.1 L V6 with 125 hp or an optional 180 hp turbocharged 3.8 L V6. There was no Grand National in 1983, but it returned in 1984 wrapped in its familiar all black paint. The turbocharged 3.8 became standard and would continue to be refined with fuel injection and intercooling. In 1987 it reached 245 hp (182 kW).
1987 also offered a lightweight WE4 (Turbo T) option which is extremely rare today. Only 1,547 of this variant were produced. They were painted black and treated to the same blackout package as the Grand National, including bumpers, grille, headlight and taillight trim. The differences between a WE4 and the base Grand National were the interior trim package, wheels, exterior badging, aluminum bumper supports, and aluminum rear brake drums as opposed to the Grand National's cast iron. The rear spoiler was only available as a dealer installed option.
By 1985, the Grand National was acquiring a reputation as a modern muscle car, but the days of the G-body were numbered. For the final year, 1987, Buick introduced the GNX at a US$11,000 premium. Produced by McLaren/ASC, Buick underrated the GNX at 275 hp and a very substantial 360 lb-ft (488 N·m) of torque which gave this car a 0-60 time of 5.3 seconds.[1] This was created so as to be "Grand National to end all Grand Nationals," as the next model year converted the chassis to front-wheel drive, which, Buick engineers admitted, simply wouldn't be able to put down that much power. Changes made included a special Garrett ceramic-impeller turbocharger connected by a ceramic-coated pipe to a better intercooler. A special computer chip, low-restriction exhaust, and reprogrammed Turbo Hydramatic 200-4R transmission with a custom torque converter and transmission fluid cooler completed the drivetrain modifications. Exterior styling changes include vents located on each front fender, 16 inch black mesh style wheels with VR-speed rated tires, and deletion of the hood and fender emblems. The interior changes of the GNX included a serial number on the dash plaque and a revised instrument cluster providing analog Stewart-Warner gauges, including an analog turbo boost gauge.
The acceleration performance of the GNX outpaced the factory's power claims: 0-60 mph (97 km/h) took just 4.7 s with a 13.4 s/104 mph (167 km/h) quarter-mile. According to contemporary sources, these numbers made the GNX the fastest production sedan ever built. This claim is somewhat controversial—the car had two doors but its interior volume and structure made it a sedan rather than a coupe, and just 547 examples were built. GNX #001 is currently owned by Buick and sometimes makes appearances at car shows around the US. Although many quicker cars have been built, including a number of quicker modern sedans, its performance was truly impressive for the time. A contemporary Porsche 930 hit 60 mph in 5.0 seconds and ran the quarter mile in 13.6 seconds, roughly equivalent to the GNX, which cost much less and could out-accelerate the naturally-aspirated 911 of the day. Ironically, many believe that these performance numbers were the reason the GNX was axed. GM didn't want one of its own cars outperforming its flagship, the Corvette, and pulled the plug on the Buick program. The muscle cars of the 1960s had the power to beat the GNX, but the tires of the time could not transform this into speed, not to mention the numerous techniques employed in the GNX allowed the car to transfer all the power to the ground, such as a ladder bar that ran from the mid-section of the car to the rear axle, so as to increase traction. This is also the reason why a GNX will actually lift the rear end up when the car is about to launch heavily. The GNX never made much of a road-track competitor to cars like the 911, but it could certainly hold its own on a drag strip.
Another amazing aspect of the Buick Grand National and GNX is the ease of upgrading performance. As electronic technology increased in automobiles over the years, with the implementation of forced induction(such as turbochargers and superchargers) and chips controlling the many aspects of the car, increasing performance became that much easier. Simply by spending under a hundred dollars on a race chip and increasing the boost could drop the Grand National’s quarter-mile time from its stock fourteen second range into the high twelve-second range. This alone makes the Grand National a very formidable opponent on the drag strip. Other easy upgrades include installing a larger turbocharger or purchasing larger fuel-injectors capable of supplying the engine with more fuel. The affordability and effectiveness of these upgrades made the Grand National a very popular car for drag-racing. In recent times with stock Corvettes producing quarter-mile times in the eleven second range, Grand Nationals provide an easy way to overcome the current “bad-boy” muscle cars. One can purchase a Grand National and upgrade it for far less money than buying a modern high-performance car and easily produce much quicker quarter-mile times.

====1987 Buick Regal Grand National====
The 1986 and 1987 Buick Grand Nationals and GNXs are now being sought by collectors throughout the United States and abroad. For those enthusiasts who care to maintain these cars as stock, parts are becoming increasingly difficult to come by and are expensive as they are drying up quickly. Only a handful of vendors actually stock the authentic NOS parts. Those collectors who wish to maintain mint condition cars will generally only use genuine GM or ACDelco parts from one of the few reputable vendors. Unfortunately, these vendors are fetching very high prices due to the rising value of these cars.
Famously painted in all black, the Grand National and GNX were ferocious drag strip competitors and are highly collectible today. The stealthy appearance coupled with the fact that the Grand National was initially released during the height of Star Wars fever earned it the title Darth Vader Car (Car and Driver covered the model's introduction with the headline "Darth Vader, your car is ready," a phrase more recently attributed to the [[Maybach Exelero]]). The Grand National returned briefly to the headlines in 2003, when actor Sean Penn's car was stolen with several guns inside. Also, actress Carmen Electra bought her then rock star husband Dave Navarro a 1987 Grand National as a present.

===First Generation/Origins (1973–1977)===

Production 1973–1977
Body style(s) 2-door coupe
Layout FR layout
Platform A-body
Engine(s) 231 in³ V6
350 in³ V8
455 in³ V8
Transmission(s) 3-speed Turbo-Hydramatic
Related Buick Century
Chevrolet El Camino
Chevrolet Malibu
Chevrolet Monte Carlo
Oldsmobile Cutlass
Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme
Pontiac Grand Am
Pontiac Grand Prix

Buick had been the first GM division to bring a personal luxury car to market with its full-size 1963 Riviera but was otherwise slow to react to the developing lower-priced mid-size personal luxury market, which Pontiac created with the 1969 Grand Prix and Chevrolet with the Monte Carlo the following year, 1970. At the same time Oldsmobile added a formal notchback coupe to its intermediate line, the Cutlass Supreme, in 1970 and that model soon became Olds' best selling intermediate. Wanting a model that could be marketed to compete against the Olds Cutlass Supreme as well as the Grand Prix and Monte Carlo, Buick introduced the Regal for 1973, as a top line coupe in that division's intermediate A-body line, the Century. The year 1973 also marked the introduction of the first major restyling of GM's intermediate A-body design since 1968, as well as the first major restyling for the intermediate-based G-body used for the Monte Carlo and Grand Prix.
A highly-trimmed, notchback coupe, the first Regal shared its front and rear styling with its Century parent with distinctions amounting to differing grilles and taillight lenses. The Regal shared the same "Colonnade" pillared hardtop roofline (a hardtop with center pillar but frameless doors unlike a sedan body) and greenhouse (window area) with the Grand Prix, Monte Carlo and Cutlass Supreme as well as the lower-priced Buick Century Luxus coupe. Like its corporate cousins, the Regal (and Luxus) featured the newly fashionable opera windows, which were small fixed rear-side windows surrounded by sheetmetal, instead of the traditional roll-down windows. Only the Colonnade hardtop coupe was offered in the Regal line in 1973, but a new four-door Colonnade sedan (with six-window-greenhouse and frameless door windows) debuted in 1974 and continued through the 1977 model year.
Regal interiors were generally more luxurious than lesser Century models with woodgrain trim on dashboard and door panels, along with door-pull straps and notchback bench seats with center armrests with either cloth, velour or vinyl upholstery. Optionally available throughout the run was a 60/40 split bench seat with armrest. For 1976 and 1977, the Regal coupe was available with the S/R option that included reclining bucket seats with cordoroy upholstery. The model lasted five years with minimal changes, although there was a fairly substantial facelift in 1976 (for the coupe only - sedans stayed with original 1973 sheetmetal through 1977), which incorporated the recently legalized square headlights (horizontally-mounted on coupes, and vertically on sedans - much like the mid-1960s Pontiacs).
The Regal most commonly powered by Buick's 350 in³ V8, which was standard equipment on all models in 1973 and 1974 and optional on coupes but remained standard on sedans from 1975 to 1977, and the larger 455 in³ V8 was optional in 1973 and 1974 only. Starting in 1975, Regal coupes came standard with Buick's resurrected 231 in³ V6 engine previously offered on the Skylark from 1964 to 1967; the engine's tooling had been sold to Kaiser Motors for use in Jeep models (Kaiser was purchased by American Motors in 1970 and Jeep became an AMC division) and sold back to GM by AMC in 1974. In 1975 and 1976, the Century and Regal were the only mid-sized cars in America to offer V6 engines.
The Century designation was quietly dropped from the Regal in 1975.

==Worldwide==
===In China===

All Buick Regals were assembled at the Oshawa Car Assembly in Ontario, Canada. The Regal was the fourth model chosen to be assembled in China by GM Shanghai, beginning on December 26, 2002, after the Century, GL8 minivan, and the Sail. It has generated considerable sales in that market as a large, relatively luxurious model, despite being more expensive than the American version. It replaced the Century in Buick's Chinese lineup and has slightly different frontal sheetmetal from the American models. Engine choices are also very different: a 2.0 L four-cylinder and a 2.5 L V6 power the Chinese Regal.
The domestic car was less fortunate and was replaced in 2005 by the Buick LaCrosse, although the LaCrosse still uses the W platform. The final 2004 Buick Regal rolled off the assembly line on June 1, 2004.

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
* 2003 '''J.D. Power Initial Quality Study''' 3rd Winner (Prenium mid-size)

==See Also==
{{Buick}}
==External Links==
*[http://carscoop.blogspot.com/2008/11/new-buick-regal-opel-insignia-based.html New Buick Regal: Opel Insignia-Based Sedan Introduced in China]
*[http://carscoop.blogspot.com/2008/12/2009-buick-regal-mega-gallery-opel.html 2009 Buick Regal Mega Gallery: The Opel Insignia Heads to China]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2008/12/29/pics-aplenty-chinese-spec-buick-regal-looks-darn-good/ Pics Aplenty: Chinese-spec Buick Regal looks darn good]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2009/10/14/buick-regal-named-next-midsize-sedan-official/ Officially Official: Regal named next mid-size sedan for Buick]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2009/10/16/na-spec-buick-regal-gets-posted-on-facebook/ NA-spec Buick Regal gets posted on Facebook]
*[http://jalopnik.com/5402605/buick-regal-is-back-gets-turbocharged Buick Regal Is Back, Gets Turbocharged]
*[http://carscoop.blogspot.com/2009/11/2011-buick-regal-official-photos-and.html 2011 Buick Regal: Official Photos and Details of U.S.-Spec Model, gets 182HP 2.4L and 220HP 2.0 Turbo Engines ]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2010/01/07/buick-regal-gs-brings-performance-back-to-trishield-brand/ Buick Regal GS brings performance back to TriShield brand]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2010/05/24/officially-official-buick-regal-gs-is-a-go/ Officially Official: Buick Regal GS is a go!]

[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]]

Cadillac Allanté

2010-08-09T20:55:08Z

Lincolnfan2010:

Cadillac Fleetwood

2010-08-09T20:54:30Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{{Infobox |
|Image = [[Image:1966 fleetwood ss.jpg|300px]]
|Marque = [[Cadillac]]
|aka = '''Type aka here, not up there'''
|Production = 1947–1996, 1999
|Class = '''denote market class'''
|Body Style = '''how many doors+how many seats+what type of body'''
|Length = '''length - type here'''
|Width = '''Width - type here'''
|Height = '''Height - type here'''
|Wheelbase = '''wheelbase - type here'''
|Weight = '''Weight - you get the point'''
|Transmission = '''transmission + drive'''
|Engine = '''engine'''
|Power = N/A hp @ N/A rpm<br>N/A lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm
|Similar = '''similar (competition)'''
|Designer = '''Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)'''
}}
'''Use the following MODEL TEMPLATE as the foundation for the Wikicars' Model page:'''

Start off with a brief Introduction to the particular MODEL. Please DO NOT use the same Introduction text from the [[Wikicars:Model Review Template|<MODEL> Review]] page, but rather paraphrase ideas relevant to grasp an overall scope of the [[automobile|vehicle]].

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{PAGENAME}} Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
Mention any minor facelifts or major changes made to the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

===Styles and Major Options===
Certain [[automobile|vehicles]] come in different trim levels or body styles. Features and major options should be mentioned here.

===Pricing===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Trim'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
Specifications, details, graphs, pictures and other information regarding the powertrain is placed in this section.

===Performance===
Please make sure to '''''write information of the vehicle's performance in a third-person point of view'''''. This section should include information about the car's '''acceleration figures''', '''handling''', '''braking''', etc.

If using information gathered from Road Test articles from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

===Reliability===
Warranty options and scheduled maintainence information should be mentioned here.

===Safety===
This section should reference points on safety ratings and features of the vehicle.

===Photos===

<gallery>
</gallery>

Add ''Photos'' of the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

'''''Please make sure not to use copyrighted photos.'''''

===Colors===
List the colors that the particular <MODEL> is offered in.

===Main Competitors===
Create links to other <MAKE> <MODEL> pages in this section.

==Hybrid Models==
If there are [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] versions of this vehicle manufactured, then please elaborate a little bit on it here.

==Unique Attributes==
If there are any features of this [[automobile|vehicle]] that sets it apart from other [[automobile|vehicles]] in its class, then mention those ''unique attributes'' here.

==Interior==
This section should include information on the interior's ''design'', ''build quality'', ''ergonomics'', ''space (head and legroom, front and rear)'', ''features'', ''stowage compartments'' and ''overall comfortability'' and ''livability''. Add pictures wherever applicable and '''''keep information in a third-person point of view'''''.

==Resale Values==
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''<MODEL> Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X-3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
|}

==Criticisms==
Please make sure to '''''keep critiques in a third-person point of view'''''. If using criticisms from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

==Generations==
Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary and pictures wherever applicable.

'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

==Current Generation: (YYYY–present)==

===Fifth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Fourth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Third generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Second generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===First Generation/Origins (YYYY–YYYY)===

==Worldwide==
If the [[automobile|vehicle]] is sold in other markets worldwide, then this is the section to mention that information. Also, mention if the <MODEL> goes by another name in these other markets.

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
List out notable ''awards'' that the model has recieved while in production. '''Boldface''' the company or organization that gives out the award, and ''Italicize'' the name of the award.

==See Also==
{{Cadillac}}

==External Links==
Please include any external sites that were used in collaborating this data, including manufacturer sites, in this section.

'''''News and References'''''

'''''Enthusiast Sites and Discussion Forums'''''
*[http://www.impalaforums.com Impala SS Forums] - Cadillac Fleetwood Forums

[[Category:Discontinued Models]]
[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]]

Cadillac Catera

2010-08-09T20:52:03Z

Lincolnfan2010:

Cadillac Eldorado

2010-08-09T20:50:31Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{{Infobox |
|Image = [[Image:1967 Cadillaceldoradocoupe.jpg|300px]]
|Marque = [[Cadillac]]
|aka = Fleetwood Eldorado<br>Eldorado Biarritz
|Production = 1953–2002
|Class = '''denote market class'''
|Body Style = 2 doors, 4/5 seat Coupe/Convertible
|Length = '''length - type here'''
|Width = '''Width - type here'''
|Height = '''Height - type here'''
|Wheelbase = '''wheelbase - type here'''
|Weight = '''Weight - you get the point'''
|Transmission = '''transmission + drive'''
|Engine = '''engine'''
|Power = N/A hp @ N/A rpm<br>N/A lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm
|Similar = '''similar (competition)'''
|Designer = '''Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)'''
}}
'''Use the following MODEL TEMPLATE as the foundation for the Wikicars' Model page:'''

Start off with a brief Introduction to the particular MODEL. Please DO NOT use the same Introduction text from the [[Wikicars:Model Review Template|<MODEL> Review]] page, but rather paraphrase ideas relevant to grasp an overall scope of the [[automobile|vehicle]].

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{PAGENAME}} Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
Mention any minor facelifts or major changes made to the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

===Styles and Major Options===
Certain [[automobile|vehicles]] come in different trim levels or body styles. Features and major options should be mentioned here.

===Pricing===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Trim'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
Specifications, details, graphs, pictures and other information regarding the powertrain is placed in this section.

===Performance===
Please make sure to '''''write information of the vehicle's performance in a third-person point of view'''''. This section should include information about the car's '''acceleration figures''', '''handling''', '''braking''', etc.

If using information gathered from Road Test articles from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

===Reliability===
Warranty options and scheduled maintainence information should be mentioned here.

===Safety===
This section should reference points on safety ratings and features of the vehicle.

===Photos===

<gallery>
image:Cadillac_Eldorado_Biarritz_1959_09.jpg
image:Cadillac_Eldorado_1976_01.jpg
</gallery>

Add ''Photos'' of the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

'''''Please make sure not to use copyrighted photos.'''''

===Colors===
List the colors that the particular <MODEL> is offered in.

===Main Competitors===
Create links to other <MAKE> <MODEL> pages in this section.

==Hybrid Models==
If there are [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] versions of this vehicle manufactured, then please elaborate a little bit on it here.

==Unique Attributes==
If there are any features of this [[automobile|vehicle]] that sets it apart from other [[automobile|vehicles]] in its class, then mention those ''unique attributes'' here.

==Interior==
This section should include information on the interior's ''design'', ''build quality'', ''ergonomics'', ''space (head and legroom, front and rear)'', ''features'', ''stowage compartments'' and ''overall comfortability'' and ''livability''. Add pictures wherever applicable and '''''keep information in a third-person point of view'''''.

==Resale Values==
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''<MODEL> Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X-3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
|}

==Criticisms==
Please make sure to '''''keep critiques in a third-person point of view'''''. If using criticisms from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

==Generations==
Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary and pictures wherever applicable.

'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

==Current Generation: (YYYY–present)==

===Fifth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Fourth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Third generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Second generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===First Generation/Origins (YYYY–YYYY)===

==Worldwide==
If the [[automobile|vehicle]] is sold in other markets worldwide, then this is the section to mention that information. Also, mention if the <MODEL> goes by another name in these other markets.

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
List out notable ''awards'' that the model has recieved while in production. '''Boldface''' the company or organization that gives out the award, and ''Italicize'' the name of the award.

==See Also==
{{Cadillac}}

==External Links==
Please include any external sites that were used in collaborating this data, including manufacturer sites, in this section.

'''''News and References'''''

'''''Enthusiast Sites and Discussion Forums'''''

[[Category:Discontinued Models]]
[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]]

Cadillac Seville

2010-08-09T20:49:24Z

Lincolnfan2010:

Using a name that was previously used for a hardtop edition of the 1956-1960 [[Cadillac Eldorado]] model, the '''[[Cadillac]] Seville''' became a nameplate on its own when it was released in mid-1975 as a 1976 model. Though it was largely based on GM's X-body platform ([[Buick Skylark]], [[Chevrolet Nova]], etc), it was differentiated enough to be given its own unique "K" body designation. This new Seville was Cadillac's answer to the the rising popularity of luxury imports in the USA from Europe, such as [[Mercedes-Benz]] and [[BMW]]. Historically, these imported luxury cars had been cheaper, less luxurious and significantly smaller than Cadillacs, but over time they had evolved, and had become more luxurious and eventually even more expensive than Cadillacs. It became obvious that the traditional American automotive paradigm of "bigger equals better" was no longer in full effect in the marketplace.

The Seville was to be simultaneously the smallest and the most expensive Cadillac in the line-up, turning Cadillac's traditional marketing and pricing strategy on its head. The Seville maintained its position as the most expensive mass-produced American sedan throughout its run.

The Seville would undergo several generational transformations during its tenure from 1976-2004 when it was replaced by the [[Cadillac STS|STS]], an alphanumeric designation that was previously a Euro-inspired option package available for the Seville (Seville Touring Sedan) available since the 1988 model year. The elimination of traditional names for Cadillacs and the subsequent alphanumeric model designations for the line-up was thought to be in keeping with the naming conventions of Cadillac's foreign competitors which universally use alphanumerics for their model nomenclature.

==Pre-Production Concepts==
<gallery>
Image:Cadillac_Seville_Prototype_June1973_.jpg|Initial Design Study
Image:Cadillac_LaScala_Concept_Seville_1973_01.jpg|1973 LaScala Design Study
Image:Cadillac_LaScala_Concept_Seville_1973_02.jpg|1973 LaScala Design Study (two door model)
Image:Cadillac_LaSalle_Concept_Seville_1974_01.jpg|1974 LaSalle Prototype
</gallery>

The prototypes pictured above show the various styling directions explored by Cadillac prior to the final version that debuted in 1975. It is interesting to note the direction the design took as it evolved, dropping traditional American luxury car styling cues and body proportions in favor of a more compact, less flamboyant final design. Various names for the proposed vehicle were explored as well. Resurection of the [[LaSalle]] moniker was seriously considered, but it was decided that given that [[LaSalle]] had historically been used for entry-level sub-Cadillacs in the past, it would create confusion in the marketplace among those who recollected the the context of the moniker's earlier usage.

==1st Generation (1976–1979)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" |[[Image:Cadillac Seville Elegante 1978 small1.jpg]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Cadillac Seville'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Cadillac]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1976–1979
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Compact/Intermediate
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4 Door Sedan
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 204"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 71.8"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 54.7"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 114.3"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 4100 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 3-Speed Automatic, RWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 5.7L (350 cid) V8 (1976-1979)<br>5.7L (350 cid) diesel V8 (1978-1979)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 105-185 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| K
|}

Introduced in the mid-'75 and billed as the new "Internationally-sized" Cadillac, the Seville was almost 1,000 lb (450 kg) lighter and two feet shorter than it's hulking [[Cadillac DeVille|DeVille]] stablemates, nimble, easy to park, attractive and loaded with the full compliment of Cadillac features. Though more expensive than every other Cadillac model with a base price of $12,479, the Seville was a smash hit and spawned several imitators, such as the less-than-successful [[Lincoln Versailles]], and later the [[Chrysler LeBaron]]/[[Chrysler Fifth Avenue|Fifth Avenue]].

In keeping with it's mission of winning over import-intenders, the Seville was equipped with 4-wheel [[disc brakes]] and a tight european-inspired suspension. Under the hood went an [[Oldsmobile]]-sourced 350 (5.7L) V8, fitted with Bendix/[[Robert Bosch GmbH|Bosch]] electronically controlled [[fuel injection]]. This system gave the Seville sure-starts, smooth drivability and performance levels that were lacking in most other cars of the mid-seventies. Power output was 180hp, and performance was restrained but acceptable for that era, with a 0-60mph time of 11.5 seconds. As part of Cadillac's market positioning of the Seville, much equipment that was usually optional on Cadillac's other models were standard on the Seville resulting in even base models being extraordinarily well-equipped and a relatively short available options list in contrast with the prevailing business practices of American domestic automakers at that time.

Given the strong marketplace performance of the very expensive Seville, Cadillac tested the upper reaches of pricing in 1978 by treating the Seville to a new even more up-level $ 2,600.00 "Elegante" trim package, which added a unique two-tone exterior paint combination separated by a stainless steel accent moulding, real wire wheels, a leather-wrapped steering wheel, exclusive perforated leather bucket seats a leather-wrapped steering wheel, and a center console with a folding armrest, a writing tablet, and space for a phone or cassette tapes, extremely plush "Tampico" carpeting and most of Seville's optional equipment as standard. Also in 1978, the 105 hp Oldsmobile 350 diesel V8 engine became available as an option. The diesel at first was fairly popular, but quickly gained a well-deserved reputation for being terribly unreliable and prone to complete catastrophic failure, as well as smelly, noisy, unrefined, and unbelievably slow with a 0-60MPH time approaching 20 seconds.

Another noteworthy 1978 addition was the Seville's optional Delco trip computer. This presaged modern trip computers and could be called upon to provide information on instant fuel mileage, overall fuel mileage, fuel range, and estimated time of arrival, at an additional cost of $ 920.00.

The Seville Cadillac was manufactured in Iran under the brand name of "Cadillac Iran" from 1978 to 1987 by Pars Khodro, which was known as "Iran General Motors" before the Islamic Revolution. A total of 2653 Cadillacs were made in Iran during this period. This made Iran the only country assembling Cadillacs outside the US until 1997 when Cadillac Catera was based on Opel Omega and built in Germany for US market. Cadillac BLS, built in Sweden for European market but never for US market, was introduced in 2006. Even though Cadillac Allante had its Italian origin, its final assembly was done in the USA.

<gallery>
Image:Cadillac Seville Launch Ad 1975.jpg|Launch Ad from 1975
Image:Cadillac seville pair silver 1976.jpg|1976 Seville
Image:Cadillac Seville Interior 1976.JPG|1976 Seville Interior
Image:Cadillac Seville Elegante 1978 01.jpg|1978 Seville Elegante
Image:Cadillac Seville 1979.jpg|1979 Seville
Image:Cadillac Seville interior 1979.JPG|1979 Seville Interior
Image:Cadillac Seville Elegante Interior 1979.JPG|1979 Seville Elegante Interior
Image:Cadillac Seville Interior 1979 Computer.JPG|1979 Seville Elegante W/Trip Computer Pkg.
</gallery>

=== First Generation Production===
{|border="1" cellpadding="2"
!Year||6KS69 Sedan
|-
|1976||43,772
|-
|1977||45,060
|-
|1978||56,985
|-
|1979||53,487
|-
|colspan=1|Total:||199,304
|}

The Seville was replaced by an all-new model for 1980.

{{-}}

==2nd Generation (1980–1985)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[image:Cadillac Seville Elegante 1985 small.jpg]]
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" |
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Cadillac Seville'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Cadillac]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1980–1985
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Intermediate
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4-Door Sedan
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 204.8"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 71.2"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 54.3"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 114"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 3700-3800 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 3-Speed Automatic, FWD<br>4-Speed Automatic, FWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 4.1L (250 cid) V8 (1982-1985)<br>4.1L (252 cid) V6 (1981-1985)<br>5.7L (350 cid) diesel V8 (1980-1985)<br>6.0L (368 cid) V8 (1980-1981)<br>6.0L (368 cid) V8-6-4 (1981)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 105-140 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Related
| [[Buick Riviera]]<br>[[Cadillac Eldorado]]<br>[[Oldsmobile Toronado]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| K
|}

For the 1980 model year, Cadillac moved the Seville to the 114 inch wheelbase [[front wheel drive]] K-body platform, based on the E-body that underpinned the [[Cadillac Eldorado|Eldorado]], [[Buick Riviera]] and [[Oldsmobile Toronado]]. Returning to some of the original concepts floated for the 1975 edition, stylists created a graceful but controversial bustle-backed body intended to evoke [[Daimler Motor Company|Daimler]]s of a past era.

Neoclassical styling cues aside, the Seville was a thoroughly modern automobile featuring a fully [[independent suspension]], 4-wheel [[disc brakes]] and a host of electronic features such as Electronic on-board vehicle diagnostics, [[Climate Control|electronic climate control]], gas mileage computer, [[twilight sentinel]] to name but a few. In 1981 "memory seats", a feature not seen on a Cadillac since the 1957 Eldorado Brougham, became available again. These seats allowed two memorized positions to be recalled at the touch of a button. Also new for '81 was a digital instrument cluster.

The Elegante option package continued to be available with a long list of otherwise optional features as standard as well as exclusive dual front bucket "french-stitched" leather seats, two-tone exterior paint combinations separated by a sweeping stainless steel accent moulding (moulding made standard in 1981 on all Sevilles), a leather-wrapped steering wheel and a center console with a folding armrest, a writing tablet, and space for a phone or cassette tapes, and exclusive "Tampico" carpeting. Pricing for the Elegante option package topped out at $ 3,995.00 in 1985.

Upon the second generation Seville's introduction the The [[Oldsmobile]] 350 V8 diesel engine was standard, but the buying public was already turning away from [[GM]]'s diesels and most instead opted for the Cadillac-built 140 hp 6.0L (368 cid) V8, which was available as a credit option, and many diesel models were later engine-swapped to rid the cars of the troublesome diesel.

In 1981 Sevilles had 2 new engines available. In addition to the 350 V8 diesel and the 6.0 V8, a 105 hp [[Buick]]-built 4.1L (252 cid) V6, based on the Buick 3.8 L V6 became available (which while reliable was not up to the task of propelling such a heavy automobile) and the "V-8-6-4", a V8 engine based on the 6.0L V8. In theory the engine management computer would assess the loading on the drivetrain and deactivate cylinders that it deemed unnecessary to keep the car powered most efficiently. It was an idea quite ahead of its time, and somewhat ironically [[GM]] and [[Chrysler]] are now using a similar technology in their V8s today. Unfortunately the electronic technology available in 1981 just wasn't up to the task, and the V-8-6-4 engine was unceremoniously dumped after just one year. It was a troublesome engine management system, and it was generally disconnected by servicing dealers, making the engine run on all 8 cylinders at all times. A 3-speed automatic remained the sole transmission on the diesel, a 4-speed automatic was standard on the other engines.

An all-new standard engine was introduced for the Seville in 1982, the "HT-4100" (HT standing for "High Technology"). It was a 4.1L V8, designed for transverse, front wheel drive applications and was originally slated for the 1983 model year for a new line of downsized Cadillac sedans. Delays in the downsizing program postponed the introduction of those models until 1985, and as a result of the forced cancellation of the V-8-6-4 engine the new powerplant was rushed into production for the 1982 model year. For its time, the engine and its electronic control setup were quite sophisticated. The HT4100 used an ECM that for the first time incorporated a detailed on-board computer with every parameter of engine performance capable of being displayed on the instrument panel's climate control display while the car was being driven. Unfortunately the HT4100 was prone to failure of the intake manifold gasket and subsequent coolant infiltration of the engine oil which destroyed the internals of the engine; Additionally, any overheating episode inevitably reduced the aluminum HT4100 to an un-repairable lump. The HT4100 may not have been the most successful engine to sit under the hood of a Cadillac, but buyers were no more satisfied with the disastrous [[Oldsmobile]] 5.7 L Diesel or the overwhelmed [[Buick]] 4.1L V6.

To Cadillac's credit they extended drivetrain warranties and replaced a huge number of engines at their expense even on cars outside of the warranty period, but those continuing major drivetrain problems coupled with the then-lagging quality and reliability of all American automobiles caused nearly-irreparable damage to the [[Cadillac]] brand.

=== Second Generation Production===
{|border="1" cellpadding="2"
!Year||6KS69 Sedan
|-
|1980||39,344
|-
|1981||28,631
|-
|1982||19,998
|-
|1983||30,430
|-
|1984||39,997
|-
|1985||39,755
|-
|colspan=1|Total:||198,155
|}

The second-generation Seville was replaced with an all-new model for 1986.

{{-}}

==3rd Generation (1986–1991)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[image:Cadillac Seville Elegante 1986 small.jpg]]
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" |
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Cadillac Seville'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Cadillac]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1986–1991
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Compact/Intermediate
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4-Door Sedan
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 190.8"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 71"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 53.5"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 108"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 3400-3600 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-Speed Automatic, FWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 4.1L (250 cid) V8 (1986-1987)<br>4.5L (279 cid) V8 (1988-1990)<br>4.9L (299 cid) V8 (1991)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 130-200 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Buick Riviera]]<br>[[Cadillac Eldorado]]<br>[[Oldsmobile Toronado]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| K
|}

A brand new Seville rode an all-new platform similar to the Eldorado -- 17 inches shorter and 375 pounds lighter than before, riding on a 108 inch wheelbase, with the now transverse-mounted HT4100 4.1L V8 as the only engine available. Gone was the striking razor-edge styling of 1980-85, replaced by a body style not much different from Eldorado's, or from other GM vehicles for that matter. The result was just bland, and customers stayed away in droves with sales falling to half of the previous generation's. While the new Seville was extremely well-equipped, featured unprecedented handling for a Cadillac and was bristling with the latest in electronic technology, it was nonetheless an unmitigated sales disaster. It has been widely reported that GM designed this generation of Seville (and their other models debuting in this period) on the expert predictions of US $3.00/gallon gasoline prices (in 1986 dollars); in reality gasoline had fallen to around $1.00 a gallon by '86, leaving the undersized, underpowered Seville seriously out-of-step with the demands of the luxury market of that time.

The Elegante package continued to be available with a unique mid-tone paint treatment, and a raft of traditional American luxury features and styling cues. The aesthetic of the market was changing though and the Elegante package fell in favor, lost content and unique features and finally fizzled out in 1988 when it was supplanted by a new flagship sub-model: the Seville Touring Sedan, henceforth known as the STS, which featured enhanced handling and styling more in keeping with European makes, featuring tri-colored export model taillights and a significant reduction in chrome and brightwork on the exterior and extensive use of real lacquered wood, close-cropped velour carpeting and a hand-tailored leather within the interior. The launch of the new STS in 1988 coincided with a significant mid-cycle revamp applied to all Sevilles in an effort to combat the sales collapse this generation experienced as a result of the disastrous 1986 downsizing. The exterior refresh concentrated on making the car appear to be more "substantial" with a larger, bolder grille, redesigned fenders and a more muscular-appearing "power-dome" hood, under which the HT4100 was replaced with a new upgraded edition with displacement increased in size from 4.1L to 4.5L, bringing with it a welcome power increase from 130hp to 155hp. Most likely in an effort to not remind the buying public's recollections of the early troubles with the HT4100, Cadillac never referred to it as HT4500 or it's later 4.9L successor as the HT4900.

1990 saw further improvements to the 4.5L V8 and horsepower was bumped to 180 with no penalty in gas mileage. The STS was given it's own body style designation, (6KY69).

In 1991, the 4.5L V8 was again increased in displacement and power, now at 4.9 Litres and boasting 200hp.

=== Third Generation Production===
{|border="1" cellpadding="3"
!Year||6KS69 Seville Sedan||6KY69 Seville STS Sedan||Total
|-
|1986||19,098||0||19,098
|-
|1987||18,578||0||18,578
|-
|1988||22,968 (incl. STS)||0||22,968
|-
|1989||20,422||1,893||22,315
|-
|1990||31,235||1,893||33,128
|-
|1991||'''*'''||'''*'''||22,431
|-
|colspan=3|Total ('''*''' indicates no breakout data available):||138,518
|}

There would be an all-new Seville and STS for 1992.

{{-}}

==4th Generation (1992–1997)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:Cadillac STS 1993 small.jpg]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Cadillac Seville'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Cadillac]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1992–1997
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Intermediate
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4 Door Sedan
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 204.1"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 74.2"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 54.5"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 111"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 3300-3500 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-Speed Automatic, FWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 4.5L (279 cid) V8 (1993-1997)<br>4.9L (299 cid) V8 (1992-1993)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 200-300 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
|[[Cadillac Eldorado]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| K
|}

In 1992, the Seville received far and away its best redesign to date, and the Seville could now finally be considered the genuine import-fighter that Cadillac intended for it to be all along. The Seville was also more distinguished from the Eldorado in this generation - it was still a 4-door version of the Eldo, but at least it wasn't so obvious this time. And predictably, sales jumped dramatically. Base models were now known as the Seville Luxury Sedan ('''SLS''') while the Seville Touring Sedan ('''STS''') model was carried over from 1991, and the 200 hp 4.9L V8s were standard in both. STSs had monochromatic body paint, quicker steering, and thicker stabilizer bars than the SLS. The STS also had an analog dash vs. the digital for the SLS. 1993 saw the debut of the 295 hp 4.6L 32V Northstar V8 in the STS models, giving the STS sub-8 second 0-60 times. The base models carried on with the 200 hp 4.9L V8. Dual airbags became standard this year also.

1994 Sevilles remained largely the same on the outside as the 1993 models, but the SLS models recieved a new detuned 270 hp 4.6L Northstar as standard equipment (the 4.9L V8 was no more), while the STS models retained the 295 hp version. Both Sevilles now had traction control and a Road Sensing Suspension. 1995 didn't see much change from 1994 (not that much was needed), but in 1996 both the SLS and STS models received 5 horsepower increases, up to 275 and 300 respectively. Sevilles got daytime running lights and a new dashboard with larger analog gauges. Not much changed on the 1997 models as a newly redesigned 1998 model was waiting in the wings, other than OnStar becoming an option this year for the first time.

=== Fourth Generation Production===
{|border="1" cellpadding="3"
!Year||6KS69 Seville Sedan||6KY69 Seville STS Sedan||Total
|-
|1992||'''*'''||'''*'''||43,953
|-
|1993||'''*'''||'''*'''||37,239
|-
|1994||'''*'''||'''*'''||46,713
|-
|1995||'''*'''||'''*'''||38,931
|-
|1996||'''*'''||'''*'''||38,238
|-
|1997||'''*'''||'''*'''||42,117
|-
|colspan=3|Total ('''*''' indicates no breakout data available):||247,191
|}

{{-}}

==5th Generation (1998–2004)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:00seville.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Cadillac Seville'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Cadillac]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1998–2004
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Intermediate
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4-Door Sedan
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 201"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 75"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 55.7"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 112.2"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 3300-3500 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-Speed Automatic, FWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 4.6L (279 cid) Northstar V8
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 275-300 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Buick Riviera]]<br>[[Cadillac Eldorado]]<br>[[Oldsmobile Aurora]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| G
|}

While the 1998 Seville strongly resembled the previous generation, it was in fact all-new and now loosely based on the [[Oldsmobile Aurora]] G-body chassis. It was a bit shorter than previous by 3.1" and the wheelbase grew 1.2", but it did feature numerous suspension and driveablity improvements over its predecessor as Cadillac continued to move the Seville upmarket. Drivetrains remained the same as before, with the 275 hp V8 standard in the SLS model, with the 300 hp version standard on the STS. Side airbags were now standard issue, along with new safety belts that attached to the seat frame and included the first belt pretension system in a U.S.-built automobile.

Not many changes in 1999 other than new colors and an interesting option for the front seats, using "rolling" lumbar bolsters that massaged the lower back of a front-seat occupant in 10-minute cycles. All 2000 Sevilles had reworked Northstar engines on both models that now ran on 87 octane instead of required 91, while its power ratings (275 and 300 respectively) remained the same. An improved StabiliTrak system was also added and a navigation system became optional. 2001 models saw very little change, and in 2002, a voice-activated system was added to the optional navigation system. Satellite radios became optional for the first time. The SLS got a body-colored grille and the STS gained chrome wheels as standard for 2003. The STS model was dropped briefly for 2004 leaving only the SLS model, which was the Seville's final year. It would be replaced by an all-new rear-drive [[Cadillac STS|STS]] for 2005 based on GM's new Sigma platform, which dropped the Seville name altogether.
{{-}}

==See Also==
{{Cadillac}}

==External Links==

[[Category:Discontinued Models]] [[Category:Classic cars]] [[Category:1970s Automobiles]] [[Category:1980s Automobiles]] [[Category:1990s Automobiles]] [[Category:2000s Automobiles]]

Cadillac Deville

2010-08-09T20:40:10Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{{wikify}}
{{Infobox |
|Image = [[Image:Caddy Deville 2005.jpg]]
|Marque = [[Cadillac]]
|aka = '''Type aka here, not up there'''
|Production = 1949–2005
|Class = [[Full-size]] [[luxury car]]
|Body Style = 2-door [[coupe]] <br>2-door convertible<br>4-door [[sedan]]
|Length = '''length - type here'''
|Width = '''Width - type here'''
|Height = '''Height - type here'''
|Wheelbase = '''wheelbase - type here'''
|Weight = '''Weight - you get the point'''
|Transmission = '''transmission + drive'''
|Engine = '''engine'''
|Power = N/A hp @ N/A rpm<br>N/A lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm
|Similar = [[Chrysler New Yorker]]<br>[[Lincoln Continental]]
|Designer = '''Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)'''
}}
The '''DeVille''' (also '''De Ville''' and '''de Ville''') name has been used on many of [[Cadillac]]'s luxury car models. After the [[Cadillac Fleetwood|Fleetwood]] was dropped from the Cadillac lineup the DeVille became the largest Cadillac [[sedan]]. The DeVille name was replaced by DTS (DeVille Touring Sedan) for the 2006 model year.

==History==
The name "DeVille" (Town Car in English) derives its name from its body styling, which featured an open chauffeur's compartment and enclosed passenger compartment. This configuration elevated the vehicle from mere transportation to a bona fide status symbol. "Town Car" was first used by Lincoln in 1922 to describe a one-off vehicle built for Henry Ford. (see http://www.lincoln.com/about/ )
The first Cadillac to bear the name was the 1949 [[Cadillac Coupe DeVille|Coupe De Ville]], with a 4-door hardtop version appearing in 1956. Both cars were based on the [[Cadillac Series 62|Series 62]]. Beginning in 1965, DeVille denoted Cadillac's mainstream model, falling between the [[Cadillac Calais|Calais]] and the [[Cadillac Fleetwood|Fleetwood]].

For 1968, the DeVille gained slight exterior changes to comply with new federal safety and emissions legislation, and as with the rest of the Cadillac lineup, a new 472 in³ (7.7 L) [[V8]] engine rated at 375 hp (sae gross).

In November 1971, a showroom-stock 1971 Coupe deVille placed third in the annual coast-to-coast Cannonball Run, posting the highest average speed of the event, 84.6 [[miles per hour|mph]] (excluding stops) and averaging 8.9 miles per gallon.

==1977–1984==
In 1977, the first generation of downsized Cadillacs included mechanically similar DeVilles and Fleetwoods, with the latter still occupying the top of the lineup. The models primarily differed in minor trim, interior upholstery & equipment levels. These were the first ''DeVille''
models to be marketed without [[fender skirts]] over the rear wheels.

The big 500 in³ V8 was gone, replaced by a 425 in³ engine. This engine was replaced by the 368 in³ [[Cadillac V8 engine#368 and V8-6-4|V8-6-4]] for 1980, and the 350 in³ [[Oldsmobile V8 engine#LF9|LF9]] diesel V8 was now an option. Reliability problems with the V8-6-4 engine's computer controls prompted Cadillac to rush their new aluminum-block [[Cadillac V8 engine#HT-4100|HT]] series engine into production for 1982.

==1985–1993==
In 1985, the second generation of downsized DeVilles and Fleetwoods (other than the [[Cadillac Brougham|Brougham]]) would see a switch to [[front wheel drive]]. This drastic downsizing did not prove popular with consumers and soon [[Lincoln (automobile)|Lincoln]] was outselling Cadillac. The 4.1 L HT-4100 was the only available engine. It was expanded to 4.5 L for 1988. A 4.9 L version, the largest of this type, was introduced in 1991.

From 1986 through 1992, Fleetwood was an option package on the DeVille. The Coupe de Ville was dropped after this generation.

The sedan version lasted through one more redesign in 2000 before being replaced by the [[Cadillac DTS|DTS]] (stands for DeVille Touring Sedan) for 2006.

==1994–1999==
{{Infobox |
|name=Eleventh generation
|image=[[Image:94-96_Cadillac_DeVille.jpg|Pre-facelift DeVille|250px]]
|production=1994–1999
|body_style=4-door sedan
|layout=[[FF layout]]
|platform=[[GM K platform]]
|wheelbase=113.8 in (2891 mm)
|length=209.7 in (5326 mm)
|width=76.6 in (1946 mm)
|height=56.3 in (1430 mm)
|weight=3959 lb (1796 kg)
|engine=4.9 [[Liter|L]] ''[[Cadillac V8 engine#HT-4900|HT-4900]]'' [[V8]]<br>4.6 L ''[[Cadillac Northstar engine|Northstar]]'' [[V8]]
|transmission=4-speed [[GM 4T60 transmission|4T60]] [[automatic transmission|automatic]]<br>4-speed [[GM 4T80 transmission|4T80]] [[automatic transmission|automatic]]
}}
For 1994, the DeVille was redesigned to share the [[GM K platform|K-body]] platform with the [[Cadillac Seville|Seville]]. The body was redesigned and the wheelbase grew to 113.8 in rather than the 111 in used on the Seville. Production moved to [[Hamtramck, Michigan]].

The ''DeVille Concours'' was available with the new 270 hp (201 kW) [[GM Premium V engine#LD8|''LD8'' Northstar]] [[V8]], while lesser models retained the ''[[Cadillac V8 engine#HT-4900|HT-4900]]'' until 1996. That year, the base model took on the lower-output Northstar while the Concours moved up to the high-output [[GM Premium V engine#L37|''L37'' Northstar]], with 300 hp. The DeVille Concours replaced the 1993-only [[Cadillac Sixty Special]].

The DeVille received a minor redesign for the 1997 model year, while it got the ''d'Elegance'' trim line to replace the [[Cadillac Fleetwood]]. New headlights and a new grille were added, the rear wheel skirts were removed, and the black/chrome trim was replaced by a double chrome trim in the base Deville, chrome and gold trim in the d'Elegance and chrome and body colored trim in the Concours. The name was shortened from Sedan deVille to DeVille. The interior gained a new dashboard design that hid the passenger airbag seams and new door panels with front side-airbags and the availability of [[OnStar]] system.
<gallery>
Image:99cadillacdeville front.JPG|1999 Cadillac Deville front view
Image:99cadillacdeville side.JPG|1999 Cadillac Deville side view
Image:99cadillacdeville rear.JPG|1999 Cadillac Deville rear view. The last year the Deville would have tail fins.
</gallery>
{| class=wikitable
!Model
!Year
!Engine
!Power
!Torque
|-
|rowspan=2|Base||1994–1995||4.9 L ''[[Cadillac V8 engine#HT-4900|HT-4900]]'' [[V8]]||200 hp (149 kW)||
|-
|1996–1999||4.6 [[Liter|L]] [[GM Premium V engine#LD8|LD8 Northstar]] [[V8]]||275 [[Horsepower|hp]] (205 [[Watt#Kilowatt|kW]]) at 5750 [[rpm]]||275 [[ft·lbf]] (373 N·m) at 4750 rpm
|-
|rowspan=3|Concours||1994||rowspan=2|4.6 L [[GM Premium V engine#LD8|LD8 Northstar]] [[V8]]||270 hp (201 kW)||300 ft·lbf (407 N·m)
|-
|1995||275 hp (205 kW) at 5750 rpm||275 ft·lbf (373 N·m) at 4750 rpm
|-
|1996–1999||4.6 L [[GM Premium V engine#L37|L37 Northstar]] [[V8]]||300 hp (224 kW) at 6000 rpm||295 ft·lbf (400 N·m) at 4400 rpm
|}

==2000–2005==
{{Infobox |
|name=Twelfth generation
|image=[[Image:00-05 Cadillac Deville.jpg|12th-gen Deville|250px]]
|production=2000–2005
|body_style=4-door sedan
|layout=[[FF layout]]
|platform=[[GM K platform]]
|wheelbase=115.3 in
|length=207.2 in
|width=74.5 in
|height=56.7 in
|weight=
|engine=4.6 [[Liter|L]] ''[[Cadillac Northstar engine|Northstar]]'' [[V8]]
|transmission=4-speed [[GM 4T80 transmission|4T80]] [[automatic transmission|automatic]]
}}
The 2000 model year saw the first major redesign since 1994 and the introduction of the last generation of the Deville. The exterior was completely redesigned featuring a sportier, elegant and more aerodynamic design. The revamped interior featured completely new door panels and seats, while the dashboard and radio face only received minor facelifts. 2000 DeVilles also featured the first production LED tail lamps in automobiles, a feature now becoming increasingly commonplace on luxury and family cars. The 'd Elegance designation was replaced with the Deville DHS (Deville High Luxury), which added several cabin comfort options to include power rear window sunshade and heated/massaging rear seats. The performance enthusiast's Deville, the Deville Concourse was renamed the Deville DTS (Deville Touring Sedan)and was available with stability control, active suspension, onboard navigation and magnetic variable assist steering.

{| class=wikitable
!Model
!Year
!Engine
!Power
!Torque
|-
|rowspan=2|Base||2000–2001||rowspan=2|4.6 L [[GM Premium V engine#LD8|LD8 Northstar]] [[V8]]||275 hp (205 kW) at 5750 rpm||275 ft·lbf (373 N·m) at 4750 rpm
|-
|2002–2005||275 hp (205 kW) at 5600 rpm||300 ft·lbf (407 N·m) at 4000 rpm
|-
|rowspan=2|DHS/DTS||2000–2004||rowspan=2|4.6 L [[GM Premium V engine#L37|L37 Northstar]] [[V8]]||300 hp (224 kW) at 6000 rpm||295 ft·lbf (400 N·m) at 4400 rpm
|-
|2005||290 hp (216 kW) at 5600 rpm||285 ft·lbf (386 N·m) at 4400 rpm
|}

==2006==
''See [[Cadillac DTS]]''

For the 2006 model year the Cadillac DeVille nameplate, but not the car itself, was replaced by the [[Cadillac DTS]]. This is in fact an abbreviation of "DeVille Touring Sedan", a name that dates back to 1985 when it was used for the optional touring package that eventually became its own model. This follows the same naming pattern as the CTS ("[[Cadillac Catera|Catera]] Touring Sedan"), STS ("[[Cadillac Seville|Seville]] Touring Sedan") and ETC ("[[Cadillac Eldorado|Eldorado]] Touring Coupe"), although the ETC is no longer produced. The last DeVille rolled off the [[Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly]] line on June 23, 2005.

==Technology==
As GM's top of the line sedan, DeVilles feature class leading automotive technology. For example, it was one of the first cars to feature [[airbag]]s, night-vision technology, XM Satellite Radio, OnStar roadside assistance, etc.

The DeVille's [[Raytheon]] night vision system was particularly notable. It was the first thermal imaging night vision system offered as original equipment by an auto manufacturer. It was introduced in the 2000 model and sold well with over 7,000 buyers. Sales fell quickly, however, and only 600 systems were sold for 2004. It was dropped in September of that year with just 145 units installed in 2005 vehicles before its demise.

DeVilles are also a popular conversion chassis, most commonly as limousines and hearses, however the [[Lincoln Town Car]] is more commonly used as a limousine chassis due to its [[rear wheel drive]] and body on frame architecture, which provides a more rigid chassis for a long car. Additionally, a conventional rear wheel drive car is cheaper to maintain in fleets.

== Trivia ==
Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick has the DeVille as his official car. The choice of car was recommended by the Massachusetts State Police for use, security system, and the exterior color. The controversy was spurred over the $38,000 choice than former Governor Mitt Romney's [[Ford Crown Victoria]]. The excuse was "...they don't make that model anymore." He is currently paying half the lease personally as reimbursement. Lt. Gov. Tim Murray is using Kerry Healey's old Crown Vic for Greater Boston travel and rides the MBTA Commuter Rail to and from work and his Worcester home.

==Awards==
* 2003 '''J.D. Power Initial Quality Study''' 4th winner (Mid luxury)

==See also==
* [[Cadillac Coupe de Ville]]

{{Cadillac}}
==External links==
*[http://www.autoguidewiki.com/Cadillac_DeVille AutoGuideWiki.com]

*[http://www.caddyinfo.com/ Caddyinfo.com] - Cadillac Discussion and Technical Information
*[http://www.biglotcars.com/cars/2004-cadillac-deville.html 2004 Cadillac DeVille] - Review, Pics and Safety
*[http://100megsfree4.com/cadillac/ Cadillac History] - Cadillac History and detailed model information

{{Commonscat|Cadillac DeVille}}

[[Category:Discontinued Models]]
[[Category:Cadillac vehicles|DeVille]]
[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Full-size vehicles]]
[[Category:Luxury vehicles]]
[[Category:Prestige vehicles]]
[[Category:1940s automobiles]]
[[Category:1950s automobiles]]
[[Category:1960s automobiles]]
[[Category:1970s automobiles]]
[[Category:1980s automobiles]]
[[Category:1990s automobiles]]
[[Category:2000s automobiles]]

Cadillac BLS

2010-08-09T20:37:13Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{{Infobox |
|Image = [[Image:BLS2.jpg|300px]]
|Marque = [[Cadillac]]
|aka = [[Saab 9-3]]
|Production = 2006–2010
|Class = Compact executive car
|Body Style = 4-door sedan<br> 4-door station wagon
|Length = 4,680 mm (184.3 in)<br> 4,716 mm (185.7) (Wagon)
|Width = 1,750 mm (68.9 in)<br> 1,752 mm (69.0) (Wagon)
|Height = 1,470 mm (57.9 in)<br> 1,543 mm (60.7) (Wagon)
|Wheelbase = 2,680 mm
|Weight = '''Weight - you get the point'''
|Transmission = 5-speed automatic<br> 6-speed automatic<br> 5-speed manual<br> 6-speed manual
|Engine = 1.9 litre [[common-rail direct-injection|CRDi]] [[Inline-4]]<br> 2.0 litre gasoline [[Inline-4]]<br>2.8 litre twin-turbocharged [[V6]]
|Power = 150 hp @ N/A rpm<br>N/A lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm<br><br>175 hp @ N/A rpm<br>N/A lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm<br><br>210 hp @ N/A rpm<br>N/A lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm<br><br>255 hp @ N/A rpm<br>N/A lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm
|Similar = [[Acura TSX]]<br>[[Jaguar X-Type]]<br>[[Audi A4]]<br>[[Saab 9-3]]
|Designer = [[Ed Welburn]] (GM VP of Global Design)
}}
The '''Cadillac BLS''' is the entry-level near-luxury vehicle of [[Cadillac]] in the International market. It is based on the [[Saab 9-3]]'s platform, as well as sharing many of its components and is [[Cadillac]]'s market-equivalent for the [[Cadillac CTS]] outside the United States (especially in Europe).

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Wikicars:Model Review Template|<MODEL> Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
Mention any minor facelifts or major changes made to the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

===Styles and Major Options===
Certain [[automobile|vehicles]] come in different trim levels or body styles. Features and major options should be mentioned here.

===Pricing===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Trim'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
Specifications, details, graphs, pictures and other information regarding the powertrain is placed in this section.

===Performance===
Please make sure to '''''write information of the vehicle's performance in a third-person point of view'''''. This section should include information about the car's '''acceleration figures''', '''handling''', '''braking''', etc.

If using information gathered from Road Test articles from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

===Reliability===
Warranty options and scheduled maintainence information should be mentioned here.

===Safety===
This section should reference points on safety ratings and features of the vehicle.

===Photos===

<gallery>
Image:Cadillacblas.jpg
Image:Cadillacbls54.jpg
Image:CaddyBLSwagon 2 560px.jpg
Image:CaddyBLSwagon 1 560px.jpg
Image:BLSwagon1.jpg
Image:BLSwagon2.jpg
Image:BLSwagon3.jpg
Image:BLSwagon4.jpg
Image:BLSwagon5.jpg
Image:BLSwagon6.jpg
Image:BLSwagon7.jpg
Image:BLSwagon8.jpg
Image:BLSwagon9.jpg
Image:BLSwagon10.jpg
</gallery>

Add ''Photos'' of the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

'''''Please make sure not to use copyrighted photos.'''''

===Colors===
List the colors that the particular <MODEL> is offered in.

===Main Competitors===
Create links to other <MAKE> <MODEL> pages in this section.

==Hybrid Models==
If there are [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] versions of this vehicle manufactured, then please elaborate a little bit on it here.

==Unique Attributes==
If there are any features of this [[automobile|vehicle]] that sets it apart from other [[automobile|vehicles]] in its class, then mention those ''unique attributes'' here.

==Interior==
This section should include information on the interior's ''design'', ''build quality'', ''ergonomics'', ''space (head and legroom, front and rear)'', ''features'', ''stowage compartments'' and ''overall comfortability'' and ''livability''. Add pictures wherever applicable and '''''keep information in a third-person point of view'''''.

==Resale Values==
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''<MODEL> Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X-3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
|}

==Criticisms==
Please make sure to '''''keep critiques in a third-person point of view'''''. If using criticisms from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

==Generations==
Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary and pictures wherever applicable.

'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

==Current Generation: (YYYY–present)==

==Worldwide==
If the [[automobile|vehicle]] is sold in other markets worldwide, then this is the section to mention that information. Also, mention if the <MODEL> goes by another name in these other markets.

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
List out notable ''awards'' that the model has recieved while in production. '''Boldface''' the company or organization that gives out the award, and ''Italicize'' the name of the award.

==See Also==
{{Cadillac}}
==External Links==
* [http://www.motorauthority.com/cars/cadillac/cadillac-introduces-bls-wagon-in-europe/ Cadillac introduces BLS wagon in Europe] Motor Authority
*[http://www.worldcarfans.com/9070905.003/cadillac-bls-wagon-more-details Cadillac BLS Wagon: More Details]
*[http://www.worldcarfans.com/9070912.004/cadillac-bls-wagon-makes-world-premiere-at-frankfurt Cadillac BLS Wagon Makes World Premiere at Frankfurt]
*[http://www.worldcarfans.com/9071108.001/2008-cadillac-bls-wagon-in-depth 2008 Cadillac BLS Wagon: In Depth]

[[Category:Discontinued Models]]
[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]]

Cadillac Escalade Hybrid

2010-08-09T20:35:36Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{{Infobox |
|Image = [[Image:CaddyEscHYb.jpg|300px]]
|Marque = [[Cadillac]]
|aka = [[Cadillac Escalade]]
|Production = 2008–present
|Class = [[Full-Size]] [[Hybrid]] [[SUV]]
|Body Style = 5-door, 5/7-seat SUV
|Length = '''length - type here'''
|Width = '''Width - type here'''
|Height = '''Height - type here'''
|Wheelbase = '''wheelbase - type here'''
|Weight = 7500 lb (3400 kg)
|Transmission = EVT (Electronically Variable Transmission), 2WD or 4WD
|Engine = 6.0 litre Gen IV [[V8]] with ''Active Fuel Management'' + 300 volt 2-Mode Hybrid System
|Power = N/A hp @ N/A rpm<br>N/A lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm
|Similar = '''similar (competition)'''
|Designer = '''Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)'''
}}
The '''Cadillac Escalade [[Hybrid Cars|Hybrid]]''' is scheduled go into production in 2007, for roll out as a 2008 model. It will share the same powertrain and many of the same features as the [[Chevrolet Tahoe Hybrid|Chevy Tahoe two-mode Hybrid.]]

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Wikicars:Model Review Template|<MODEL> Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
Mention any minor facelifts or major changes made to the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

===Styles and Major Options===
Certain [[automobile|vehicles]] come in different trim levels or body styles. Features and major options should be mentioned here.

===Pricing===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Hybrid
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $71,685
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Trim'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
Specifications, details, graphs, pictures and other information regarding the powertrain is placed in this section.

===Performance===
Please make sure to '''''write information of the vehicle's performance in a third-person point of view'''''. This section should include information about the car's '''acceleration figures''', '''handling''', '''braking''', etc.

If using information gathered from Road Test articles from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

===Reliability===
Warranty options and scheduled maintainence information should be mentioned here.

===Safety===
This section should reference points on safety ratings and features of the vehicle.

===Photos===

<gallery>
Image:Cad escalade hybrid main01.jpg
</gallery>

Add ''Photos'' of the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

'''''Please make sure not to use copyrighted photos.'''''

===Colors===
List the colors that the particular <MODEL> is offered in.

===Main Competitors===
Create links to other <MAKE> <MODEL> pages in this section.

==Hybrid Models==
If there are [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] versions of this vehicle manufactured, then please elaborate a little bit on it here.

==Unique Attributes==
If there are any features of this [[automobile|vehicle]] that sets it apart from other [[automobile|vehicles]] in its class, then mention those ''unique attributes'' here.

==Interior==
This section should include information on the interior's ''design'', ''build quality'', ''ergonomics'', ''space (head and legroom, front and rear)'', ''features'', ''stowage compartments'' and ''overall comfortability'' and ''livability''. Add pictures wherever applicable and '''''keep information in a third-person point of view'''''.

==Resale Values==
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''<MODEL> Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X-3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
|}

==Criticisms==
Please make sure to '''''keep critiques in a third-person point of view'''''. If using criticisms from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

==Generations==
Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary and pictures wherever applicable.

'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

==Current Generation: (YYYY–present)==

===Fifth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Fourth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Third generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Second generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===First Generation/Origins (YYYY–YYYY)===

==Worldwide==
If the [[automobile|vehicle]] is sold in other markets worldwide, then this is the section to mention that information. Also, mention if the <MODEL> goes by another name in these other markets.

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
List out notable ''awards'' that the model has recieved while in production. '''Boldface''' the company or organization that gives out the award, and ''Italicize'' the name of the award.

==See Also==
{{Cadillac}}
==External Links==
*[http://www.motorauthority.com/news/suvs/first-look-at-cadillacs-new-escalade-hybrid/ Cadillac’s new Escalade Hybrid breaks cover]
*[http://carscoop.blogspot.com/2007/11/2008-cadillac-escalade-hybrid-revealed.html 2008 Cadillac Escalade Hybrid Revealed]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2007/11/09/officially-official-2009-cadillac-escalade-hybrid/ Officially Official: 2009 Cadillac Escalade Hybrid]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2008/08/08/cadillac-prices-escalade-hybrid-from-71-685/ Cadillac prices Escalade Hybrid from $71,685]

[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]]

Cadillac SRX

2010-08-09T20:35:04Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* Current Generation: (2009–present) */

[[Image:X10ca sr002-450.jpg|right|frame|The 2010 '''Cadillac SRX'''.]]
The '''[[Cadillac]] SRX''' is a luxury [[crossover SUV]] based on the company's [[rear wheel drive]] ''Sigma'' automobile platform. The SRX was introduced in the 2004 model year. Engine options include the 4.6 L 320[[HP|hp]] Northstar [[V8]] and 260[[HP|hp]] High-Feature [[V6]]. It comes with a 5-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission, and [[Four Wheel Drive|all-wheel-drive]] is optional.

The base price is US$36,990 for the [[V6|V6]] and US$44,990 for the V8.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Cadillac SRX Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
*The next generation of the SRX is due out in mid-2009. Not much is known at this point but it is confirmed that the new CUV will draw styling cues from the [[Cadillac Provoq Concept]] and share the next generation Theta mid-size CUV platform with the [[Saturn VUE]] and the Saab 9-4X. [http://www.motorauthority.com/news/crossovers/cadillac-reveals-sneak-preview-of-2010-srx/][http://jalopnik.com/400445/2010-cadillac-srx-continues-its-photographic-burlesque-show][http://www.worldcarfans.com/9080815.002/first-images-of-2010-cadillac-srx-crossover-released][http://www.autoblog.com/2008/08/15/cadillac-provoq-concept-evolves-into-2010-srx/]

<gallery>
Image:X10ca sr002-1280.jpg
Image:X10ca sr001-1280.jpg
Image:X10ca sr003-1280.jpg
Image:2010 Cadillac SRX.jpg
</gallery>

*As of 2006, there will be no [[Cadillac V-Series|V-Series]] SRX-V, and the vehicle will not be replaced before 2008, though the interior will be upgraded with more luxurious materials and trim for the 2007 model year. A Sport model, also launched for 2007, will be an appearance package with larger wheels and less chrome.

===Styles and Major Options===
An all-leather interior and curtain side airbags are standard in both models. Heated front seats and wood interior trim are standard in the V8 and available as options in the [[V6|V6]]. DVD, sunroof, [[Navigation System|navigation system]], and a foldable third-row seat are all available options.

===Pricing===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Trim'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
[[Image:X10pt 6c003-400.jpg|right]]
Specifications, details, graphs, pictures and other information regarding the powertrain is placed in this section.

<gallery>
Image:X10ar ca004-1280.jpg
Image:X10pt 6c003-1280.jpg
Image:X10ar ca003-1280.jpg
Image:X10pt at002-1280.jpg
</gallery>
{{-}}

===Performance===
Please make sure to '''''write information of the vehicle's performance in a third-person point of view'''''. This section should include information about the car's '''acceleration figures''', '''handling''', '''braking''', etc.

If using information gathered from Road Test articles from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

===Reliability===
* '''RECALL ALERT:''' On October 10, 2008, Cadillac issued a recall alert affecting 17,301 MY2004 Cadillac SRXs due to a transmission anomaly in which the gear lever can be moved from the "park" position with the ignition "on" and without the operator depressing the brake pedal or, in some cases, the shifter can be moved from the "park" position with the ignition turned off. The recall begins in December 2008 and Cadillac dealers will replace the pawl stopper and a bushing within the shifter assembly free of charge. For more information, you can contact Cadillac at 1-800-982-2339. [http://carscoop.blogspot.com/2008/10/cadillac-recalls-my04-srx-crossovers.html]

*[http://www.autoblog.com/2010/05/27/gm-recalling-select-2010-cadillac-srx-crossovers-over-engine-fai/ GM recalling select 2010 Cadillac SRX crossovers over engine failure fears]

===Safety===
[[Image:X10ar ca002-400.jpg|right]]
This section should reference points on safety ratings and features of the vehicle.
<gallery>
Image:X10ar ca002-1280.jpg
</gallery>
{{-}}

===Photos===
Add ''Photos'' of the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

<gallery>
Image:X10ca sr006-1280.jpg
Image:X10ca sr005-1280.jpg
Image:X10ca sr007-1280.jpg
</gallery>

'''''Please make sure not to use copyrighted photos.'''''

===Colors===
List the colors that the particular <MODEL> is offered in.

===Main Competitors===
* [[Lincoln MKX]]
* [[BMW X3]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz MLK-Class]]

==Hybrid Models==
If there are [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] versions of this vehicle manufactured, then please elaborate a little bit on it here.

==Unique Attributes==
If there are any features of this [[automobile|vehicle]] that sets it apart from other [[automobile|vehicles]] in its class, then mention those ''unique attributes'' here.

==Interior==
[[Image:X10ar ca001-400.jpg|right]]
This section should include information on the interior's ''design'', ''build quality'', ''ergonomics'', ''space (head and legroom, front and rear)'', ''features'', ''stowage compartments'' and ''overall comfortability'' and ''livability''. Add pictures wherever applicable and '''''keep information in a third-person point of view'''''.

{{-}}

==Resale Values==
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''<MODEL> Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X-3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
|}

==Criticisms==
"This is a very ugly car. So ugly, in fact, that you'll want to get inside it and shut the door as quickly as possible. But sadly, when you are inside it's even worse. If it were a creature, it wouldn't be a lion or a praying mantis or even a chimp. No, I think it would be a wasp - useless and hateful in equal measure." Jeremy Clarksin, Top Gear

==Generations==
Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary and pictures wherever applicable.

'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

==Current Generation: (2010–present)==
[[Image:X10ca sr004-400.jpg|right]]
For the 2010 model year, Cadillac will introduce an all new SRX based on the [[Cadillac Provoq|Provoq]] concept vehicle<ref>[http://www.edmunds.com/insideline/do/News/articleId=126574 Forget BRX: 2010 Cadillac SRX Is the New SRX]</ref>. The production car will share the [[front-wheel drive]] [[GM Theta platform]] with [[Saab Automobile|Saab]] which will get its own CUV, the [[Saab 9-4X|9-4X]].

The first official pictures of the production vehicle were released on August 15, 2008<ref>[http://www.verdictoncars.com/jsp/vocmain.jsp?lnk=101&id=2894 First official shots of 2010 Cadillac SRX crossover—Verdict On Cars]</ref>.
{{-}}

===First Generation/Origins (2004–2009)===
[[Image:2007 Cadillac SRX.jpg|right|450px|2007 Cadillac SRX]]

[[Internal combustion engine|Engine]] options include the 255 hp (190 kW) [[GM High Feature V6#LY7|LY7]][[V6]] and the 4.6 L 320 hp (239 kW) [[Cadillac Northstar engine|Northstar]] [[V8]]. It is based on the [[GM Sigma platform]] and comes with a five or six-speed [[automatic transmission]]; [[rear-wheel drive]] and [[four-wheel drive]] are available.

An all-leather interior and curtain side airbags are standard in both models. Heated front seats and wood interior trim are standard in the V8 and available as options in the [[V6]]. DVD, [[sunroof]], [[navigation system]], and a power foldable third-row seat are all available options.

The base price is US$ 38,880 for the V6 and US$ 45,880 for the [[V8]] version.

The SRX won ''[[Car and Driver]]'s'' [[Car and Driver Ten Best|Five Best Trucks]] "luxury SUV" award for 2004, 2005 and 2006 and was nominated for the ''[[North American Car of the Year|North American Truck of the Year]]'' award for 2004.

As of 2006, there will be no [[Cadillac V-Series|V-Series]] SRX-V, and the vehicle will not be replaced before 2008, though the interior will be upgraded with more luxurious materials and trim for the 2007 model year. A Sport model, also launched for 2007, will be an appearance package with larger wheels and less chrome.

The first generation SRX will be available through the 2009 model year.

{{-}}

==Worldwide==
If the [[automobile|vehicle]] is sold in other markets worldwide, then this is the section to mention that information. Also, mention if the <MODEL> goes by another name in these other markets.

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
* The SRX won '''Car and Driver's''' Five Best Trucks "luxury SUV" award for 2004, 2005 and 2006.
* The [[Cadillac]] SRX was also nominated for the '''North American Truck of the Year''' award for 2004.

==See also==
{{Cadillac}}
==External Links==
*[http://www.cadillac.com/cadillacjsp/model/gallery.jsp?model=srx Official Cadillac SRX homepage]

*[http://www.caddyedge.com/ the Caddy Edge]
*[http://www.modernoffroader.com/car-cutaway-cadillac-srx-2004/144/ ModernOffroader.com cutaway drawing]
*[http://www.caddyinfo.com/ Caddyinfo.com Cadillac Discussion and Technical Information]
*[http://www.all-carparts.com/Cadillac/Cadillac-SRX.php 2008 Cadillac SRX photo]
*[http://jalopnik.com/5117031/2010-cadillac-srx-web-video-teases-new-caddy-crossover 2010 Cadillac SRX: Web Video Teases New Caddy Crossover]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_SRX Cadillac SRX], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cadillac_SRX&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Current Models]]
[[Category:Cadillac vehicles|SRX]]
[[Category:Crossover SUVs]]
[[Category:Luxury vehicles]]
[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]]

Cadillac DTS

2010-08-09T20:34:23Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{{Infobox |
|Image = [[Image:07 DTS.jpg|300px|2007 Cadillac DTS]]
|Marque = [[Cadillac]]
|aka = '''Type aka here, not up there'''
|Production = 2006–present
|Class = Full-Size Luxury Sedan
|Body Style = 4-Door, 5/6-Seat Sedan
|Length = 207.6 in
|Width = 74.8 in
|Height = 57.6 in
|Wheelbase = 115.6 in
|Weight = 4009 lb
|Transmission = 4-Speed Automatic, FWD
|Engine = 4.6L NorthStar V8 <br> 4.6L L37 NorthStar V8
|Power = 275 hp @ N/A rpm<br>292 lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm<br><br>292 hp @ N/A rpm<br>288 lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm
|Similar = [[Lincoln Town Car]]
|Designer = '''Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)'''
}}
The '''[[Cadillac]] DTS (DeVille Touring Sedan)''' replaces the [[Cadillac DeVille]] as that carmaker's largest luxury car for the 2006 model year. The DTS follows the naming and styling direction set by the earlier [[Cadillac CTS|CTS]] and [[Cadillac STS|STS]].

The design of the DTS was introduced in a unique way. A specially-designed and outfitted presidential DTS limousine was utilized during the second inauguration of George W. Bush in the January 20, 2005 parade. While details of the vehicle, codenamed Stagecoach, are highly classified, it is presumed to be heavily armored and feature advanced communication equipment. The production DTS was shown at the 2005 Chicago Auto Show on February 9.

The DTS is manufactured at GM's Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly factory in Hamtramck, Michigan. The ''Luxury'' models are priced a US$41,990, while the ''Performance'' version is priced at US$50,490. While the base MSRP for the STS is slightly higher than that for the DTS, the top-of-the-line model is slightly more affordable.

One major feature change from the Deville to the DTS was the deletion of the 6-passenger seating option for non-limousine models.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{PAGENAME}} Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
Mention any minor facelifts or major changes made to the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

===Styles and Major Options===
{| class=wikitable
!Model!!Year!!Engine!!Power!!Torque
|-
|''Luxury''||2006–||4.6 L ''[[GM Premium V engine|Northstar]]'' [[V8]]||275 [[HP|hp]] (205 kW)||292 ft·lbf (396 N·m)
|-
|''Performance''||2006–||4.6 L ''[[GM Premium V engine#L37|L37 Northstar]]'' [[V8]]||291 [[HP|hp]] (217 kW)||288 ft·lbf (390 N·m)
|}

===Pricing===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Trim'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
Specifications, details, graphs, pictures and other information regarding the powertrain is placed in this section.

===Performance===
Please make sure to '''''write information of the vehicle's performance in a third-person point of view'''''. This section should include information about the car's '''acceleration figures''', '''handling''', '''braking''', etc.

If using information gathered from Road Test articles from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

===Reliability===
*'''RECALL ALERT:''' On August 29, 2008, GM issued a GM-wide recall affecting 857,735 vehicles built between 2006-2008 and equipped with heated windshield washer fluid option including the {{PAGENAME}}. The system was liable to short out causing cessation of function, smoke, possible fire and malfunctioning of other electronic systems in the car. GM urges owners of affected vehicles to go to their nearest local dealer so the problem can be remedied.[http://www.autoblog.com/2008/08/29/doh-gm-recalls-857-735-vehicles-for-electrical-issue/]

===Safety===
This section should reference points on safety ratings and features of the vehicle.

===Photos===
<gallery>
Image:Cadillac-DTS-Limo.jpg|[[State Limousines of the United States|Cadillac DTS Presidential limousine]]
Image:Dtsplatinuminterior.jpg|Interior of the DTS Platinum edition
Image:Cadillac dts l02 1.jpg|Cadillac DTS-L interior
</gallery>

===Colors===
List the colors that the particular <MODEL> is offered in.

===Main Competitors===
Create links to other <MAKE> <MODEL> pages in this section.

==Hybrid Models==
If there are [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] versions of this vehicle manufactured, then please elaborate a little bit on it here.

==Unique Attributes==
If there are any features of this [[automobile|vehicle]] that sets it apart from other [[automobile|vehicles]] in its class, then mention those ''unique attributes'' here.

==Interior==
This section should include information on the interior's ''design'', ''build quality'', ''ergonomics'', ''space (head and legroom, front and rear)'', ''features'', ''stowage compartments'' and ''overall comfortability'' and ''livability''. Add pictures wherever applicable and '''''keep information in a third-person point of view'''''.

==Resale Values==
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''<MODEL> Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X-3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
|}
==Criticisms==
Please make sure to '''''keep critiques in a third-person point of view'''''. If using criticisms from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

==Generations==
Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary and pictures wherever applicable.

'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

==Current Generation: (YYYY–present)==

===Fifth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Fourth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Third generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Second generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===First Generation/Origins (YYYY–YYYY)===

==Worldwide==
If the [[automobile|vehicle]] is sold in other markets worldwide, then this is the section to mention that information. Also, mention if the <MODEL> goes by another name in these other markets.

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
List out notable ''awards'' that the model has recieved while in production. '''Boldface''' the company or organization that gives out the award, and ''Italicize'' the name of the award.

==See Also==
{{Cadillac}}

==External links==
* [http://www.cadillac.com/ Cadillac.com] — official site
* [http://www.caddyinfo.com/ Caddyinfo.com] - Cadillac Discussion and Technical Information
* [http://www.motorauthority.com/news/sedans/lwb-cadillac-dts-l-revealed/ LWB Cadillac DTS-L revealed]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_DTS Cadillac DTS], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cadillac_DTS&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Current Models]]
[[Category:Cadillac vehicles|DTS]]
[[Category:Flagship vehicles]]
[[Category:Full-size vehicles]]
[[Category:Luxury vehicles]]
[[Category:Prestige vehicles]]
[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]]

Cadillac STS

2010-08-09T20:33:59Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{{Infobox |
|Image = [[Image:X08ca st010.jpg|300px]]
|Marque = [[Cadillac]]
|aka = [[Cadillac SLS]] (China and Asian market)
|Production = 2005–present
|Class = Mid-Size Luxury Sedan
|Body Style = 4-Door Sedan
|Length = 196.7 in.
|Width = 72.6 in.
|Height = 57.6 in.
|Wheelbase = 116.4 in.
|Weight = 3973, 4125, 3995 lbs
|Transmission = 5-speed Automatic <br> 6-speed Automatic
|Engine = 4.6 Liter V8 and 3.6 Liter V6
|Power = 302 hp @ 6300 rpm and 320 hp @ 6400 rpm
|Similar = [[Audi A6]]<br>[[BMW 5-Series]]<br>[[Lincoln MKS]]<br>[[Mercedes-Benz E-Class]]<br>[[Lexus GS]]
|Designer =
}}
The '''STS (Seville Touring Sedan)''' is a Mid-Size luxury car sold by [[Cadillac]].

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{PAGENAME}} Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
Mention any minor facelifts or major changes made to the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

===Styles and Major Options===
Certain [[automobile|vehicles]] come in different trim levels or body styles. Features and major options should be mentioned here.

===Pricing===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Trim'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
Specifications, details, graphs, pictures and other information regarding the powertrain is placed in this section.

===Performance===
Please make sure to '''''write information of the vehicle's performance in a third-person point of view'''''. This section should include information about the car's '''acceleration figures''', '''handling''', '''braking''', etc.

If using information gathered from Road Test articles from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

===Reliability===
Warranty options and scheduled maintainence information should be mentioned here.

===Safety===
This section should reference points on safety ratings and features of the vehicle.

===Photos===

<gallery>
</gallery>

Add ''Photos'' of the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

'''''Please make sure not to use copyrighted photos.'''''

===Colors===
List the colors that the particular <MODEL> is offered in.

===Main Competitors===
*[[Mercedes-Benz E-Class]]
*[[Audi A6]]
*[[BMW 5-Series]]

==Hybrid Models==
If there are [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] versions of this vehicle manufactured, then please elaborate a little bit on it here.

==Unique Attributes==
If there are any features of this [[automobile|vehicle]] that sets it apart from other [[automobile|vehicles]] in its class, then mention those ''unique attributes'' here.

==Interior==
This section should include information on the interior's ''design'', ''build quality'', ''ergonomics'', ''space (head and legroom, front and rear)'', ''features'', ''stowage compartments'' and ''overall comfortability'' and ''livability''. Add pictures wherever applicable and '''''keep information in a third-person point of view'''''.

==Resale Values==
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''<MODEL> Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X-3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
|}

==Criticisms==
Please make sure to '''''keep critiques in a third-person point of view'''''. If using criticisms from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

==Generations==
Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary and pictures wherever applicable.

'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

==Current Generation: (2005–present)==

===2008===
The Cadillac STS was one of the last items in the portfolio to be finished to show that Cadillac has returned to relevance. It rides of GM's RWD luxuriant Sigma platform.

<gallery>
Image:2008 sts hi 01.jpg
Image:Abopener.jpg|2008 Cadillac STS interior.
Image:2008 sts hi 04.jpg
</gallery>

===2005===
The [[front wheel drive]] Seville was retired in 2004, replaced by an entirely new STS model based on the [[rear wheel drive]] GM Sigma platform. [[All wheel drive]] is offered as an option, the first Cadillac sedan to be available with this drive system.

Engines are a 3.6 L High Feature LY7 [[V6]] with 255 [[HP|hp]] (190 kW) and 252 ft·lbf (342 N·m) and the 4.6 L Northstar LH2 [[V8]] which outputs 320 [[HP|hp]] (239 kW) and 315 ft·lbf (427 N·m) in the STS. Remote ignition is standard.

Wheelbase is 116.4 in, though overall length is shorter than the Seville. Interior space is greater than its predecessor, though. A heads-up display is optional, as is a 300 Watt Bose stereo system with MP3 capability. Base pricing starts at US$40,995, and extends to US$52,240 for the [[Four Wheel Drive|AWD]] V8 model.

===STS-V===
The 2006 V-series '''STS-V''' was introduced at the 2005 Detroit Auto Show. It features a [[supercharged]] 4.4 L version of the Northstar V8, along with handling upgrades. This engine is certified by the SAE to produce 469 [[HP|hp]] (350 kW) and 439 ft·lbf (595 N·m).

Cadillac gave the public its first glimpse of the STS-V in its Super Bowl commercial, which aired February 6, 2005. The STS-V will have a 0-60 mph acceleration time of under five seconds.

The STS-V has bigger brakes, larger wheels, faster steering and a stiffer suspension than the standard STS. It went on sale in the United States in late 2005 for just under US$80,000.

===Origins===
The STS is the successor to the "import fighter" [[Cadillac Seville]]. That car used the ''STS'' name, standing for "Seville Touring Sedan" on upscale performance-oriented versions from 1989. In 1992, Cadillac split the Seville line into ''STS'' and less performance-oriented ''SLS'' (for "Seville Luxury Sedan") trim lines. The next year, the STS got Cadillac's then-new [[Northstar System]], including the aluminum [[DOHC]] ''L37'' "Northstar" [[V8]] engine. Throughout its existence, the STS was Cadillac's highest-priced sedan model.

==Worldwide==
:''See also [[Cadillac SLS]] for more details''

In the Asian and Chinese markets, the STS is marketed as the [[Cadillac SLS|SLS]].

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
List out notable ''awards'' that the model has recieved while in production. '''Boldface''' the company or organization that gives out the award, and ''Italicize'' the name of the award.

==See Also==
{{Cadillac}}

==External Links==
*[http://www.cadillac.com/cadillacjsp/model/landing.jsp?model=sts&year=2009 Official Cadillac STS Homepage]

'''''News and References'''''

'''''Enthusiast Sites and Discussion Forums'''''
*[http://www.cadillacfaq.com/ CadillacFAQ.com]
*[http://www.caddyedge.com/ the Caddy Edge]
*[http://www.V-Series.com/ V-Series.com]
*[http://www.caddyinfo.com/ Caddyinfo.com Cadillac Discussion and Technical Information]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_STS Cadillac STS], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cadillac_STS&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Current Models]]
[[Category:Cadillac vehicles|STS]]
[[Category:Luxury vehicles]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]]

Cadillac Escalade

2010-08-09T20:32:36Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* Generations */

[[Image:2007 Cadillac Escalade models.jpg|right|450px|2007 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade''']]
[[Image:Escalade-esv-girl.jpg|right|450px|2007 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade ESV''']]
The '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade''' is a full-size luxury [[SUVs|sport utility vehicle]] sold by the [[General Motors|General Motors Corporation]] [[Luxury Cars|luxury brand]], [[Cadillac]]. It was the division's first major entry into the popular [[SUVs|SUV]] market. The Escalade was introduced for the 1999 model year in response to German and Japanese competitors and to [[Ford]]'s 1998 release of the [[Lincoln Navigator]]. The Escalade project went into production only 10 months after it was approved. The standard Escalade is built in Arlington, Texas.

The Escalade was originally based on sister company [[GMC]]'s [[GMC Yukon|Yukon Denali]], but was redesigned for the 2002 model year to make its appearance fall more in line with [[Cadillac]]'s new design theme. The Escalade was not the first [[Chevrolet]]-based [[Cadillac]]: the first-generation [[Cadillac Seville|Seville]] and mid-1980s [[Cadillac Cimarron]] were based on entry-level [[Chevrolet|Chevy]] vehicles ([[Chevrolet Nova|Nova]] and [[Chevrolet Cavalier|Cavalier]], respectively). As of today, the '''Escalade ESV''' (a luxurious [[Chevrolet Suburban|Chevy Suburban]]), especially the '''Escalade EXT''' pickup are, together with the [[Cadillac BLS]], the only [[Cadillac]] vehicles made outside of the United States, since the demise of the German-built [[Cadillac Catera]] in 2001. The Escalade and Escalade ESV are built in Arlington, TX, while the Escalade EXT is built in Silao, Mexico

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Cadillac Escalade Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
*The Escalade will move to the new "''GMT900''" platform for the 2007 model year. Its introduction was accelerated as sales began slipping. The regular Escalade will be joined by a stretched '''ESV''' version as well as a new '''EXT''' pickup truck. The 2007 Escalade was the official vehicle of Super Bowl XL, with MVP Hines Ward being awarded one of the first Escalades produced.

*Hot on the heels of the the 2008 [[Cadillac Escalade Hybrid]]'s late 2007 unveiling at the Miami Beach Convention Center, Cadillac has released the uber-bling '''Escalade Platinum Edition'''. Available in both regular and ESV variations, the new range-topper will be powered by the standard fare 403 horsepower 6.2 litre OHV ''VVT'' all-aluminum [[V8]] mated to a Hydra-Matic 6L80 six-speed automatic transmission but gets an upgraded treatment inside and out. For starters, the interior will now be swathed in hand-stitched Aniline "Cut & Sew" leather with contrast-color French stitching on the seams, carry Platinum-specific door sills and floor mats, have the front headrests ensconced with LCD screens for full DVD, CD, MP3 and XM Satellite radio passenger entertainment along with the flip-down screen mounted on the ceiling all matched to a Bose 5.1 Digital Surround system (not to mention the 8 in nav screen on the dash) plus heated steering wheel and heated and cooled cup holders. The dashboard will also be inlaid with unique double grain wood paneling. Outside, the wonderfully decadent glut continues with unique 22 inch rims on wheels controlled by Magnetic Ride Control (MRC) suspension technology, Full LED headlamp clusters and a grille which borrows its style from the [[Cadillac CTS]]. Pricing has yet to be announced. [http://www.autoblog.com/2007/11/09/bling-maximum-2009-cadillac-escalade-platinum/][http://www.motorauthority.com/news/suvs/cadillac-reveals-special-edition-escalade-platinum/]

<gallery>
Image:112 0711 02z-2008 cadillac escalade platinum-front profile.jpg
Image:Escaladeplatinum2.jpg
Image:112 0711 01z-2008 cadillac escalade platinum-interior.jpg

</gallery>

===Styles and Major Options===
====Body styles====
The [[Cadillac]] Escalade comes in three body styles, the regular [[station wagon|wagon]] version, the longer ''ESV'' and the ''EXT'' [[Trucks|pickup truck]].

=====Escalade EXT=====
[[Image:2003 Cadillac Escalade EXT.JPG|right|thumb|250px|2003 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade EXT''']]
The '''Escalade ''EXT''''' [[Trucks|pickup truck]] (released alongside its twin, the [[Chevrolet Avalanche]]) was introduced in 2002. It features a "Convert-a-Cab" composite pickup bed that can be expanded into the truck's cab through a bottom-hinged door. Like the [[Chevrolet Avalanche|Avalanche]], the ''EXT'' has four full-size doors and seating for five. The ''EXT'' was only offered with the 6.0L High Output engine. [[Bi-xenon Headlights|high-intensity discharge headlights]] were offered for 2003. The Escalade ''EXT'' also appears in the movie, "''The Matrix Reloaded''" along with the [[Cadillac CTS|CTS]] in product placement ads.

The Escalade ''EXT'' was created as a direct competitor to the failed [[Lincoln Mark LT|Lincoln Blackwood]], a pickup truck based on the [[Lincoln Navigator|Navigator]] SUV. Currently, it competes with the [[Lincoln Mark LT]], another Navigator-based pickup truck that made its debut in 2006.

=====Escalade ESV=====
[[Image:2006_Cadillac_Escalade_ESV_2.JPG|right|thumb|300px|2006 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade ESV''']]
The extended-length '''Escalade ''ESV''''' (based on the [[Chevrolet Suburban|Chevy Suburban]] and [[GMC Yukon|GMC Yukon XL]]) was introduced in 2003. The Escalade ''ESV'' is also [[Cadillac]]'s most expensive [[SUVs|SUV]] with prices ranging from $59,680 for a base "''Standard''" version to $71,050 for a top-of-the-line "''Escalade Platinum''".

The Escalade line has proven very popular with after-market tuners, who personalize vehicles for usually affluent customers. While such work is not done by the [[Cadillac]] factory, much can be ordered through a [[Cadillac]] dealer and done by third-party companies. Much like the customized [[Cadillac]]s of the 1970s (during the "''pimpmobile craze''"), popular modifications include larger wheels, increased engine performance and custom paint. Due to its expensive parts and exposure from celebrity ownership, the Escalade has also been proven to be popular with car thieves as well, becoming the most frequently stolen vehicle from 2001-2003 according to the '''Highway Loss Data Institute'''.

==Pricing==
Today's actual prices for the [[Cadillac]] Escalade can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/cadillac/escalade/prices CarsDirect].

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''2007 Escalade Trims'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Escalade 4x2
</td>
<td>
Escalade [[Four Wheel Drive|4x4]]
</td>
<td>
Escalade ESV [[Four Wheel Drive|4x4]]
</td>
<td>
Escalade EXT [[Four Wheel Drive|4x4]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$54,725
</td>
<td>
$57,280
</td>
<td>
$59,680
</td>
<td>
$58,990
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$54,045
</td>
<td>
$56,590
</td>
<td>
$53,530
</td>
<td>
$54,210
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Gas Mileage==
While power is absolute, it won't come at the cost of fuel efficiency with the new Escalade. The all new 403-[[HP|hp]] 6.2L Vortec [[V8]] VVT engine produces the highest [[HP|horsepower]] of any [[SUVs|SUV]] that can seat seven or more passengers, while also offering unsurpassed highway fuel economy in its class.

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages for the 2007 [[Cadillac]] Escalade are as follows:

* ''City'': 13 MPG
* ''Highway'': 19 MPG
* ''Combined'': 15 MPG

==Reliability==
In an online review done by [http://www.autos.com/autos/suvs/luxury_suvs/reviews Autos.com], the [[Cadillac]] Escalade EXT came in '''seventh''' and the Escalade and Escalade ESV tied for '''eighth'''.

*'''RECALL ALERT:''' On August 29, 2008, GM issued a GM-wide recall affecting 857,735 vehicles built between 2006-2008 and equipped with heated windshield washer fluid option including the 2007-2008 {{PAGENAME}}, Escalade ESV and Escalade EXT. The system was liable to short out causing cessation of function, smoke, possible fire and malfunctioning of other electronic systems in the car. GM urges owners of affected vehicles to go to their nearest local dealer so the problem can be remedied.[http://www.autoblog.com/2008/08/29/doh-gm-recalls-857-735-vehicles-for-electrical-issue/]

==Safety==
All three Escalade trims ranked '''fifth''' for safety on [http://www.autos.com/autos/rankings_safety?cat=suvs&segment=luxury_suvs&rank=safety&year=0 Autos.com].

==Photos==
[[image:escinterior1.jpg|frame|2007 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade''' Interior shown in ''Ebony'']]
[[image:esvinterior.jpg|frame|2007 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade ESV''' Interior shown in ''Cashmere'']]

==Colors==
'''Exterior'''
* Black Raven
* Blue Chip
* Gold Mist
* Quiksilver
* Radiant Branze
* Red E
* White
* Rip Tide Blue

'''Interior'''
* Cashmere
* Ebony

==Main Competitors==
* [[Hummer H2|Hummer H2 SUV & SUT]]
* [[Infiniti QX56]]
* [[Land Rover Range Rover]]
* [[Lincoln Navigator]]
* [[Lexus LX|Lexus LX 470]]
* [[Mercedes-Benz GL-Class]] (and possibly the smaller [[Mercedes-Benz ML-Class|ML-Class]])

==Hybrid Models==
For more information, see: '''[[Cadillac Escalade Hybrid]]'''

==Unique Attributes==
Stretching 221.4 inches, the EXT and ESV are two inches longer than a [[Chevrolet Suburban|Chevy Suburban]], placing them among the longest vehicles on the road.

==Resale Values==
Resale values for the [http://www.carsdirect.com/cadillac/escalade/generations Cadillac Escalade], [http://www.carsdirect.com/cadillac/escalade_esv/generations Cadillac Escalade ESV], and [http://www.carsdirect.com/cadillac/escalade_ext/generations Cadillac Escalade EXT] are available at CarsDirect.

==Criticisms==
* The Escalade's [[Bi-xenon Headlights|high-intensity-discharge lights]] bother drivers coming toward the vehicle and they irritate those driving immediately in front of it." - '''Cars.com'''

* "Towing is rated at 8,000 pounds, which is okay for a small weekend toy. If you need more grunt, the [[Chevrolet Avalanche|Chevy Avalanche]] has a more powerful version." - '''Cars.com'''

==Generations==
===Third generation (2007–present)===
[[image:gen3cad.jpg|frame|left|2007 '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade [[Four wheel drive|4x4]]]]
The Escalade uses an all-aluminum 6.2L Vortec [[V8]]. The pushrod engine boasts variable valve timing, a first in a mass-produced non-overhead cam engine. The system adjusts both intake and exhaust timing between two settings. This engine produces 403-[[HP|hp]] (301 kW) and 417 ft·lbs (565 N·m). A new six-speed 6L80 Hydra-Matic [[automatic transmission]] will be used. The new body boasts a 0.363 drag coefficient, though the large frontal area will hurt aerodynamics.

One major new feature absent from the production vehicle is American Axle's "I-Ride" rear [[independent suspension]] module. Instead, a conventional five-link suspension is used.

Production of the redesigned Escalade began at Arlington Assembly in January 2006. It will be priced from $57,280, though the rear wheel drive version at this price will not be produced until August. The more expensive all wheel drive version will be produced first, followed by the long wheelbase ''ESV'' and ''EXT'' pickup in June.

A special '''Platinum ESV''' model will follow in 2007. [[General Motors|GM]]'s Active Fuel Management will come in 2008.

The Escalade can accelerate to 60 mph (97 km/h) in 6.8 seconds. Fuel economy is rated at 14 MPG (16.8 L/100 km) in the city and 19 MPG (13.8 L/100 km) on the highway.

Engines:
* 2007-present — 6.2L ''Vortec 6200]]'' [[V8]], 400-[[HP|hp]] (298kW)

===Second Generation/Origins (2002–2006)===
[[image:gen2cads.jpg|frame|Second Generation '''[[Cadillac]] Escalade''' trims]]
The Escalade was not offered for the 2001 model year, but returned completely redesigned for the 2002 model year. [[Rear wheel drive|Rear-wheel drive]] was standard, as was a 5.3L [[V8]], with [[Four wheel drive|four-wheel drive]] and the special High-Output Vortec 6000 6.0L [[V8]] engine as options.

The "''StabiliTrak''" [[Electronic Stability Control|stability control]] system was upgraded to a four-wheel version for 2003 and power-adjustable pedals were added. For 2004, 20-inch chrome wheels (also known as "'''dubs'''") were offered, and XM [[Satellite Radio|satellite radio]], second-row bucket seats, and a tire pressure monitoring system were all made standard on all Escalades except the EXT. The 5.3L engine was dropped for 2005 and the ''OnStar'' system was upgraded.

Also, the Escalade, along with the Yukon, Tahoe, Suburban, Silverado, Trailblazer and Envoy, the Escalade received criticizm for "Bland Interior and Exterior Styling". Cadillac responded in the 2007 model year.

Engines:
* 2002-2003 5.3L ''Vortec 5300'' [[V8]], 285-[[HP|hp]] (213kW)
* 2004 5.3L ''Vortec 5300'' [[V8]], 295-[[HP|hp]] (220 kW)
* 2002-2005 6.0L ''High-Output Vortec 6000'' [[V8]], 345-[[HP|hp]] (257kW)

{{-}}

===First Generation/Origins (1999–2000)===
[[Image:2000_Cadillac_Escalade-sm.jpg|right]]
The first Escalade was very similar to the top ''[[GMC Denali|Denali]]'' trim of the [[GMC Yukon]]. It shared all of that truck's exterior panels, which were themselves differentiated at the front from the regular [[GMC Yukon|Yukon]]/[[Chevrolet Tahoe|Tahoe]]. Even the wheels were identical, with the [[GMC]] center caps replaced by [[Cadillac]] crests.

The Escalade also used the same 5.7L ''Vortec 5700'' [[V8]] at 255-[[HP|hp]] (190kW). All first-generation Escalades featured [[All wheel drive|all-wheel drive]]. For 2000, unique vertical rear doors were added.
{{-}}

==Worldwide==

==Design quirks and oddities==
Though they differ in body style, the [[Cadillac]] Escalade, Escalade ESV, and Escalade EXT share drivetrains, chassis architecture and styling cues.

The Escalade has been featured in many hip-hop music videos, and it may have been the reason for [[Cadillac]]'s recent popularity among the urban demographic. James Gandolfini, who plays the character of "Tony Soprano," drives around New Jersey in an [[Cadillac]] Escalade ESV in HBO's "The Sopranos". It continues to be popular among younger actors, athletes and the hip-hop community.

A black Cadillac Escalade was owned by Nick (played by Ice Cube) in a film ''Are We Done Yet?'' as a replacement of his [[Lincoln Navigator]] (which was already destroyed). By the end of the film, a ladder fell onto his Escalade and broke the windscreen.

==Awards==

==See also==
* [[SUVs]]
* [[Chevrolet Tahoe|Chevy Tahoe]]
* [[GMC Yukon]]

{{Cadillac}}

==External Links==
*[http://www.GM-Trucks.com GM-Trucks.com]
*[http://www.gmfullsize.com GMFullSize.com]
*[http://www.cadillac.com/cadillacjsp/model/gallery.jsp?model=escalade Cadillac.com/Esclade]
*[http://www.cadillac.com/cadillacjsp/model/gallery.jsp?model=esv Cadillac.com/[[Electronic Stability Control|Esc]]]
*[http://www.cadillac.com/cadillacjsp/model/gallery.jsp?model=ext Cadillac.com/Ext]
*[http://www.caddyinfo.com/ Caddyinfo.com] - Cadillac Discussion Forum and Technical Information
*[http://www.cadillacforums.com/ CadillacOwners.com] - Cadillac discussion, pictures, classifieds, auctions, technical information and more...
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2008/08/08/cadillac-prices-escalade-hybrid-from-71-685/ Cadillac prices Escalade Hybrid from $71,685]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_Escalade Cadillac Escalade], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cadillac_Escalade&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Current Models]]
[[Category:Cadillac vehicles|Escalade]]
[[Category:Luxury vehicles]]
[[Category:Pickup trucks]]
[[Category:SUVs]]
[[Category:All wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]

Lincoln Continental

2010-08-09T20:28:52Z

Lincolnfan2010:

'''Lincoln Continental''' is a model name that has been used several times by the [[Lincoln (automobile)|Lincoln]] division of [[Ford Motor Company]] for a line of [[luxury car]]s. For most of its lifetime, the Continental nameplate referred to the four-door Lincoln flagship. In 1981 the Continental's reign as the Lincoln flagship ended when the Town Car, a trim-level up to then, took over as the new flagship. The Continental continued as a midsize model, competing mainly with the [[Cadillac Seville]] until production ceased. [[Image:Lincoln.jpg|1964 Lincoln Continental: One of Detroit's undisputed automotive classics.|right|thumb|450px]]

==1939==

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:Continen.JPG|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Lincoln Continental'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Lincoln]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1939–1948
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Height
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Designer
| [[Bob Gregorie]]
|}

The first Lincoln Continental was developed initially as [[Edsel Ford]]'s one-off personal vehicle, though it is believed he planned all along to put the model into production if it was successful. In 1938, he commissioned a custom design from the chief stylist, [[Bob Gregorie]], ready for Edsel's March 1939 vacation. The design, allegedly sketched out in an hour by Gregorie working from the [[Lincoln-Zephyr|Lincoln Zephyr]] blueprints and making changes, was an elegant [[convertible]] with a long hood covering the Lincoln [[V12]] and long front fenders, and a short trunk with what became the Continental series' trademark, the externally-mounted covered spare tire.

The car could be considered a channeled and sectioned Zephyr that did not even have the bulge that in the Zephyr (and in some other cars) replaced the running-board at the bottom of the doors. This decrease in height meant that the height of the hood was much closer to that of the fenders. There was hardly any trim on it at all, making its lines superb. This car is often rated as one of the most beautiful in the world.

The custom car for the boss was duly produced on time, and Edsel had it delivered to Florida for his spring vacation. Interest from well-off friends was high, and Edsel sent a telegram back that he could sell a thousand of them. Lincoln craftsmen immediately began making production examples, both convertible and sedan. They were extensively hand-built; the two dozen 1939 models and 400 1940-built examples even had hand-hammered body panels, since dies for machine-pressing were not constructed until 1941.

After the attack on Pearl Harbor, Continental production was suspended, to be re-started in 1946 to 1948. Like the other post-war Lincolns, however, the Continental had similar bits of trim added to make it look improved. The 1939–1948 Continental is recognized as a "Full Classic" by the [[Classic Car Club of America]], one of the last-built cars to be so recognised.

{{-}}

==1956==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:Contimark2.JPG|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Lincoln Continental'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Lincoln]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
| Continental Mark II
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1956–1957
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Height
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Designer
|
|}

The Continental name was revived in 1955 as a separate Ford brand, with its sole model being the [[Continental Mark II]], a high-class luxury vehicle that if anything was even more exclusive than the original Continental, being one of the most expensive cars available at the time. The Continental Mark II was sold for two model years, and about 3,000 were built. They sold to a selection of the world's richest men, but the [[Ford Motor Company]] lost money on each one sold. some of the original owners were Elvis, the Shah of Iran, Nelson Rockefeller and Henry Kissinger among others.

The Continental Mark II was design of its own with the highest quality control ever seen in automobile industry.

{{-}}

== 1958–1960 Mark III, IV, and V==

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:Retro1960LincolnContinentalMarkVFourDoorLandau.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Lincoln Continental'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Lincoln]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
| Continental Mark III
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1958–1960
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Height
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Designer
|
|}

The Continental division was dissolved after 1957, but in an attempt to retain some of the cachet of the Mark II, Lincoln named its top-of-the-line 1958 model the ''Continental Mark III''. This differed from the lower-model [[full-size]] Lincolns only in trim level and in its roof treatment, featuring a reverse-angle power rear "breezeway" window that retracted down behind the back seat. That year's full-size Lincoln sold poorly in all models; 1958 was a recession year in the United States. The new Lincoln was one of the largest cars ever made, larger than that year's [[Cadillac]], and had styling considered by many to be excessive even in that decade of styling excess. 1959's range contained a ''Continental Mark IV'' model, and the 1960 range had a ''Continental Mark V'', with more restrained styling than the 1958.

{{-}}

==1961==

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:Lincoln.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Lincoln Continental'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Lincoln]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
| Mk. III
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1961–1969
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4-door [[convertible]]<br>4-door [[sedan]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Height
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 430 in³ [[Ford MEL engine#430|Super Marauder]] [[V8]]<br>460 in³ [[Ford 385 engine|385-series]] [[V8]]<br>462 in³ [[Ford MEL engine#462|MEL]] [[V8]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Designer
| [[Elwood Engle]]
|}

In 1961, the Continental was completely redesigned by [[Elwood Engle]]. For the first time, the names Lincoln and Continental would be paired on a car other than one in the Mark series. The design was originally intended to be the new 1961 [[Ford Thunderbird]], but the concept was enlarged and slightly altered before being switched to the Lincoln line by [[Robert McNamara]]. One of the most striking features of the new Continental was its size. It was two feet shorter than its predecessor. So much smaller was this car, that advertising executives at Ford photographed a woman parallel parking a sedan for a magazine spread. The new Continental's most recognized trademark, front opening rear doors, was a purely practical decision. The new Continental was a [[unibody]] design, and there simply was not the structural strength to front-hang the heavy rear doors in the [[convertible]] model. To simplify production, all cars were to be four-door models, and only two body styles were offered, sedan or convertible. Therefore, the rear doors were hung from the rear and opened from the front. This "[[suicide door]]" style was to become the best-known feature of 1960s Lincolns. The 1961 model was the first car manufactured in America to be sold with a 24,000 mile or 2-year bumper-to-bumper warranty. [[Harold W. Johnson]] was head of Lincoln Continental division at the time. Efforts to find a new longer-life tire were conducted by [[Jacques Bajer]] at his asking.

===Kennedy Limousine SS-100-X===
For the Kennedy White House, the Secret Service purchased a convertible parade limousine custom built by [[Hess & Eisenhart]] of Cincinnati, Ohio from a 1961 Lincoln 4-door convertible. Code named the [[SS-100-X]], it was in [[SS-100-X|this car]] that JFK was assassinated in 1963. By that time, the front of the car had been updated with the grille/headlight/bumper assembly from the 1962 model. After the assasination, the limousine was returned to Hess & Eisenhart, where it was repaired and retrofitted with full armor and a fixed roof. It subsequently continued in service for the White House for many years. This world-famous car is now on display at the [[Henry Ford Museum]] in Dearborn, Michigan.

===1962===
This slab-sided distinctive design ran from 1961 through 1969 with few changes from year to year. Lincoln dealers began to find that many people who bought 1961 and post-1961 models were keeping their cars longer. In 1962, a simpler front grille design with floating rectangles and a thin center bar was adopted.

===1963===
Due to customer requests, for 1963 the front seat was redesigned to provide a little more leg room to back seat passengers. The rear deck lid was also raised to provide more trunk space. The floating rectangles in the previous year's grille became a simple matrix of squares.

===1964===
The car was stretched 3 inches (76 mm) in 1964 to give more rear-seat legroom, and the roofline was squared off at the same time. The dash was also redesigned, doing away with the pod concept. Side glass was now flat to provide more interior room. The gas tank access door, which had been concealed at the rear of the car in the rear grille, was now placed on the driver's side rear quarter panel and the exterior "Continental" script was changed.

===1965===
The convex 1961–64 grille was replaced by a flatter, squared-off one for 1965–69. The car was given front disc brakes for the 1965 model year to improve stopping time, but little else changed.
This car was also used in the film The Matrix from 1999-2001

===1966===
A two-door version was launched in 1966, the first two-door Lincoln since 1960, and the [[MEL engine]] was expanded from 430 to 462 in³ (7.0 to 7.6 L). The car was given all-new exterior sheet metal and a new interior including the dashboard. The length was increased by five inches to 220.9, the width by an inch to 79.7, and the height by almost an inch to 55.0 (on the sedan).

The convertible saw a few technical changes related to how the lowering and raising the top was implemented. Lincoln engineers separated the hydraulics for the top and the rear decklid (trunk) by adding a second pump and eliminating the hydraulic solenoids. A glass rear window replaced the previous years' plastic windows.

Sales increased to 54,755 units for the model year, considered a success by Ford. This was a 36% increase over 1965. Product breakdown for the year consisted of 65% sedans, 29% coupes, and just under 6% for the four-door convertible.

===1967===
1967 was the last year customers could choose a four-door convertible Continental. 1967 sales were 45,667 cars built.

===1968===
1968 brought some minor exterior changes. The new [[Ford 385 engine]] in a 460 in³ (7.5 L) model was to be available initially, but because there were so many of the old 462 engines in process during production, the 462 was used until the 460 was phased in later that year.

Suicide-door Lincolns were used as the US Presidential limousines during the 1960s and into the 1970s. John F. Kennedy was assassinated while riding in a 1961 convertible, which was later armored and converted into a sedan for greater security. This famous automobile is currently housed at the [[Henry Ford Museum]]. Another famous event involving this model of Continental was when a brand new 1964 model was mercilessly crushed into a cube in a junkyard compactor in the James Bond film ''Goldfinger'', to the horror of many moviegoers. (The filmmakers were not so wasteful: the moving car is a new 1964, but after a cutaway, the car picked up by the crane to be destroyed is a 1963 without an engine).

===Mark III===
[[Lincoln Continental Mark III]] was introduced in early 1968 as a 1969 model. The reason for the "III" designation was that this car was seen as the true successor to the Mark II of 1956-57. Although it shared the Continental name with other Lincoln models, it was a completely different car. Based on the [[Ford Thunderbird]] sedan platform, the Mark III was the first body-on-frame Lincoln since 1957. This model was made famous in the 1971 movie ''The French Connection'', when this model was used as a means for smuggling vast quantities of heroin concealed in its rocker panels. Built from 1968 to 1971, only few changes were made to the original model (1968). The Mark III had a 460 in³ engine with 365 bhp and a [[compression ratio]] of 10.5:1. The 1970 model was the first car to feature an [[Anti-lock braking system|ABS]] (Sure-Track) system for the rear tires and was originally equipped with [[Michelin]] radials. Some of the original equipment included automatic [[headlight]] dimmers, [[cruise control]], rear window defroster (electric and forced air), electric everything and remote control trunk release.

==1970==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:79CollectorsSeries.jpg|300px|1979 Lincoln Continental Town Car]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Lincoln Continental'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Lincoln]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
| Mk.IV
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1970–1979
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4-door [[Full-size]] [[sedan]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Height
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 3-speed [[Ford C6 transmission|C6]] [[automatic transmission|automatic]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 400 in³ [[Ford 335 engine#400|Cleveland]] [[V8]]<br>460 in³ [[Ford 385 engine|385-series]] [[V8]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Designer
|
|}

The 1970 Continental continued the slab-sided design with blade-like fenders of the previous model, but the suicide doors were gone as was [[unibody]] construction. Changes included headlamps which were hidden behind retractable flaps (a characteristic introduced on the [[Lincoln Continental Mark III]]), federally-mandated bumpers in 1973, grille changes in 1971 and 1977, and progressive introduction of pollution controls. Nevertheless, from 1972 to 1975 the [[Lincoln Continental Mark IV]] successfully fought over the title "King of the Hill" with the [[Cadillac Eldorado]] in the [[personal luxury car]] category. Standard luxury features gradually became optional over the decade, and the 460 in³ (7.5 L) engine became an option in 1977, the 400 in³ (6.6 L) small-block replacing it as the standard engine. From 1975 to 1980 a Continental Town Coupé was also sold alongside the four-door Continental Town Car and the [[Lincoln Continental Mark V|Continental Mark V]]. Town Coupé and Town Car were option packages for the Continental.

The car measures 233.4 inches, about 19.4 feet (5.7 m), and weighed between 4500-5300lbs depending on the year. After [[General Motors]] downsized its big cars for 1977, these Lincolns were some of the largest cars on the market, surpassed only by Cadillac's Fleetwood 75 limousine. They were powered by Ford's 460 cid [[V8]], which was the largest engine in any production car, worldwide, from 1977 to 1979. The [[EPA]] rated the Lincolns at 10-12 MPG.

{{-}}

==1980==
[[Image:80 Lincoln.jpg|1980 Lincoln Continental|right|thumb|400px]]

By 1980, Ford could not continue the old models; they could not meet the fuel economy and emissions regulations any longer. Much smaller and more economical vehicles were required, so Ford chose to downsize the Continental onto the [[Ford Panther platform]] designed for the 1979 [[Ford LTD]] and [[Mercury Marquis]]. The 1980 Continental Mark VI, as compared to its 1979 predecessor Mark V, was erdrive800 lb lighter and 20 inches (508 mm) shorter in overall length, and was fitted with a 302 in³ (5.0 L) V8. A 351 in³ (5.8 L) engine was briefly optional. Fuel efficiency was about a third better than the 1979 model.

The new Continental carried over as many styling cues as possible from the previous, larger cars, modified somewhat to match the new, more sensible package. Lincoln management knew that keeping the family resemblance going was critical; sales depended on the car being instantly recognizable as a Lincoln.

In 1981, the Continental name was replaced by the [[Lincoln Town Car|Town Car]] (a former option package name) on this and subsequent models. Nevertheless, the Mark VI model continued through the 1983 model year without the "Continental" designation which in 1982 had been conferred upon the vehicle which was to become the Mark VII for the 1984 model year.

{{-}}

==1982==

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:82conti.JPG|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Lincoln Continental'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Lincoln]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
| Mk. VI
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1982–1987
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4-door [[sedan]]<br>[[Ford Fox platform]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Height
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-speed [[Ford AOD transmission|AOD]] automatic overdrive
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 2.4 L [[BMW M21|M21]] [[turbo]][[diesel]] [[Straight-6|I6]]<br>3.8 L [[Ford Essex V6 engine (Canadian)|Essex]] [[V6]]<br>5.0 L [[Ford Windsor engine#302|Windsor]] [[V8]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 150 hp<br>275 lb-ft
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Designer
|
|}

1982 saw the Continental name applied to a new, smaller Lincoln. Intended to compete with the [[Cadillac Seville]], the new Continental was given a [[Daimler Motor Company|Daimler]]-esque, bustle-backed body, but remained a [[rear wheel drive]] vehicle, built on a modified [[Ford Fox platform]]. Engine choices were the 5.0 L V8 and for the first time, a 3.8 L [[V6]]. This model was produced through the 1987 model year.

A coupe version, called the [[Lincoln Mark VII]], was introduced in 1984 as a competitor to the [[Cadillac Eldorado]]. The Mark VII remained in production a little longer, ending its run in 1992.

A rare footnote to the "Fox" Continental was the availability in 1984 to 1985 of a [[BMW]]-Steyr 2.4 L [[turbo]][[diesel]] six-cylinder engine. Considered sluggish and smoky, it was never popular. Few are believed to still exist.

This little Continental was the spiritual successor to the [[Lincoln Versailles]] intermediate of the 1970s. Like Versailles it was based on lesser Ford
models, and shared components with the LTD and [[Ford Fairmont|Fairmont]]. Unlike Versailles, it wasn't a cheap car dressed with luxury add-ons, but instead had a unique body and interior, both giving a feeling of luxury that didn't betray the car's origins. And, to a great degree, the little
Continental succeeded where Versailles had failed - in the sales race. The little Continental's "Bustleback" styling was meant to compete
with the razor-edged Cadillac Seville and [[Chrysler]]'s "Bustleback" [[Chrysler Imperial|Imperial]], but the Continental was more conventional and less trouble-prone than either of its rivals. Unfortunately, it was about two years too late, as Seville and Imperial were already established forces in the market, and Lincoln's foray into "bustleback" styling seemed a little contrived in 1982. The standard engine for '82 was a carbureted version of Ford's 302 cid [[V8]], with a fuel-injected version arriving the next year. A 2.4 liter [[BMW M21]] turbodiesel was offered in '84 and '85, but wasn't frequently ordered. The little continental got freshened styling for '84, making it more aerodynamic looking. The car continued thereafter with few changes.

{{-}}

==1988==

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:93 Lincoln.jpg|300px]]

|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Lincoln Continental'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Lincoln]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
| Mk. VII
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1988–1994
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4-door [[sedan]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 205.1 in. (5.2 m)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 72.7 in. (1.8 m)
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Height
| 55.4 in. (1.4 m)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 109.0 in. (2.8 m)
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-speed [[Ford AXOD transmission#AXOD-E|AXOD-E]] automatic
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 3.8 L [[Ford Essex V6 engine (Canadian)|Essex]] [[V6]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 140 hp (1988–90), 151 hp (1991), 160 hp (1992–94)
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Ford Taurus]]<br>[[Mercury Sable]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Designer
|
|}

The 1988 Continental was all-new, [[front wheel drive]], and based on the same platform as the [[Ford Taurus]] and [[Mercury Sable]]. This basic configuration would continue until the Continental was discontinued after the 2002 model year. This incarnation was intended to compete against the similar [[Cadillac DeVille]], which had been downsized in 1985. The Continental was on ''[[Car and Driver]]'' magazine's [[Car and Driver Ten Best|Ten Best list]] for 1989. In the 1990s, however, the Continental's downsized body and strong resemblance to non-luxury [[Mercury (automobile)|Mercury]] and Ford models was heavily criticized. Sales also dipped as the relatively small car proved unpopular with Lincoln buyers who were seeking larger American-made luxury cars featuring rear wheel drive.

For the first time ever, no V8 was available on the Continental. The sole engine choice was a 3.8 L [[Ford Essex V6 engine (Canadian)|Essex]] V6, the same engine that was optional on Tauruses and Sables.
Thanks to its redesigned appearance and front-wheel drive like the rival Cadillac Seville. the Continental was now a good deal
better than Seville in the eyes of the public, and handily outsold the Cadillac. The roots of Continental's design were in the Taurus, but
Continental had its own V6, its own body, and its own interior. While performance wasn't anything to write home about, the Continental was vastly improved over the old one, with its antiquated "Fox" chassis and running gear. One thing owners didn't like was the new price tag, which was now hovering around $30,000, which was a great deal more in 1988 than it is now. Many owners felt that they'd paid too high a price for a car with some quality problems, and which was based on the much less expensive Taurus. However, with the exception of early build quality, new model bugs, and persistent transmission bugs, the new Continental was pretty much trouble-free. Today, these cars haven't held their value the way they should have, which leaves the door open for good deals on well-equipped used examples. This Continental isn't as cheap to own as the previous one, however. As with nearly all luxury cars, the air suspension is very expensive to replace (some substitute cheaper Taurus or Sable suspensions sourced from wrecked cars), and electronic items like the digital dash and climate control can fail.

{{-}}

==1995==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:97 Lincoln.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Lincoln Continental'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Lincoln]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
| Mk. VIII
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1995–1997
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4-door [[sedan]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 206.3 in. (5.2 m)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 73.6 in. (1.9 m)
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Height
| 56.0 in. (1.4 m)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 109.0 in. (2.8 m)
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-speed [[Ford AXOD transmission#AX4N|AX4N]] automatic
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 4.6 L [[Ford Modular engine#4-valve|Modular]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 260 hp <br> 265 lb-ft.
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Ford Taurus]]<br>[[Mercury Sable]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Designer
|
|}

Like the Taurus and Sable the Continental was substantially updated in the mid-1990s, but with more rounded lines, creating a more aerodynamic exterior. The 1995 Continental was ridded of the many design features that had previously reminded onlookers of the lesser Ford Taurus and Mercury Sable. The 1995 Continental was once again perceived as a unique Lincoln and was by many critics to be easier recognizable as luxury car. A very substantial change from the previous [[V6]] car, though, was the addition of the a [[DOHC]] [[Ford Modular engine|Modular V8]] similar to that powered the [[rear wheel drive]] [[Lincoln Mark VIII]]. The most noticeable differences being its FWD all aluminum block (different bolt pattern for the transmission bell housing) and it being rated at 20 hp and 20 ft·lbf tq. less than the Mark VIII.

{{-}}

==1998==

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:02_Lincoln.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Lincoln Continental'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Lincoln]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
| Mk. IX
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1998–2002
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4-door [[sedan]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 208.5 in. (5.3 m)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 73.6 in. (1.9 m)
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Height
| 56.0 in. (1.4 m)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 109.0 in. (2.8 m)
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-speed [[Ford AXOD transmission|AX4N]] automatic
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 4.6 L [[Ford Modular engine#4-valve|Modular]] DOHC [[V8]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 275 hp <br> 275 lb-ft.
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Ford Taurus]] <br> [[Mercury Sable]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Designer
|
|}

The Continental was updated again in 1998 with a new exterior (the exterior was similar to that of the Town Car), and the 1999 model gained side airbags and more power. After the 2002 model year, the Continental was cancelled, because of slow sales due to the continued shift in the consumer marketplace away from large front-wheel drive luxury cars. The Continental, and to an extent the [[Lincoln Mark VIII]] coupe, were essentially replaced in the Lincoln lineup by the midsize [[Lincoln LS]] V8 & V6 sedans, which were introduced in the 2000 model year. Even though the Continental was a large [[front wheel drive]] sedan, and the Mark VIII was a [[rear wheel drive]] coupe, the rear wheel drive LS acted as a replacement for each, by acting both as a personal luxury vehicle, and as a family [[sedan]]. Nevertheless, buyers looking for a [[full-size]]d luxury sedan in the Continental class tended to "move up" and purchase the larger rear wheel drive Town Car, while those looking for a personal luxury-sporty sedan in the Mark VIII class purchased the LS.

All Continentals built after 1958 were assembled at Ford's [[Wixom Assembly Plant]]. The last Lincoln Continental rolled off the assembly line on July 26, 2002. The Wixom plant continued to manufacture the Town Car and LS, [[Ford Thunderbird]], as well as the niche sports car [[Ford GT]].

{{-}}

==Replacements==

Lincoln upgraded the LS in 2005-2006 to attract more of the [[mid-size]] luxury market in the Continental class. The LS was cancelled in April 2006 due to slowing sales, following the release of the mid-size 2006 [[Lincoln Zephyr]], and its upgraded replacement, the 2007 [[Lincoln-MKZ]]. A larger, more luxurious Lincoln flagship sedan, the [[Lincoln MKS]], is reportedly under development for the 2009 model year as a proper replacement for the Lincoln Continental class vehicle.

A concept vehicle was created in 2002, complete with suicide doors and a 5.9L (5935cc/362.2in<sup>3</sup>) V12 engine producing 414bhp (309kW) at 6000rpm and 413 lbs-ft (560Nm) of torque at 5270rpm.

==See Also==
{{Lincoln}}

{{Lincoln vehicles}}

==External links==
{{commonscat|Lincoln Continental}}

[[Category:Discontinued Models]]
[[Category:Lincoln Vehicles|Continental]]
[[Category:Luxury Vehicles]]
[[Category:Front Wheel Drive Vehicles]]
[[Category:Rear Wheel Drive Vehicles]]
[[Category:Prestige Vehicles]]
[[Category:Full-Size Cars]]

Buick Sport Wagon

2010-06-04T07:40:24Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

Buick Luxus

2010-06-04T07:39:56Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

{{Infobox |
|Image = '''place image here in 300 pixels'''
|Marque = '[[Buick]]
|aka = '''Type aka here, not up there'''
|Production = '''produced from when to when+total units made (optional)'''
|Class = '''denote market class'''
|Body Style = '''how many doors+how many seats+what type of body'''
|Length = '''length - type here'''
|Width = '''Width - type here'''
|Height = '''Height - type here'''
|Wheelbase = '''wheelbase - type here'''
|Weight = '''Weight - you get the point'''
|Transmission = '''transmission + drive'''
|Engine = '''engine'''
|Power = N/A hp @ N/A rpm<br>N/A lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm
|Similar = '''similar (competition)'''
|Designer = '''Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)'''
}}
'''Use the following MODEL TEMPLATE as the foundation for the Wikicars' Model page:'''

Start off with a brief Introduction to the particular MODEL. Please DO NOT use the same Introduction text from the [[Wikicars:Model Review Template|<MODEL> Review]] page, but rather paraphrase ideas relevant to grasp an overall scope of the [[automobile|vehicle]].

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{PAGENAME}} Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
Mention any minor facelifts or major changes made to the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

===Styles and Major Options===
Certain [[automobile|vehicles]] come in different trim levels or body styles. Features and major options should be mentioned here.

===Pricing===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Trim'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
Specifications, details, graphs, pictures and other information regarding the powertrain is placed in this section.

===Performance===
Please make sure to '''''write information of the vehicle's performance in a third-person point of view'''''. This section should include information about the car's '''acceleration figures''', '''handling''', '''braking''', etc.

If using information gathered from Road Test articles from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

===Reliability===
Warranty options and scheduled maintenance information should be mentioned here.

===Safety===
This section should reference points on safety ratings and features of the vehicle.

===Photos===

<gallery>
</gallery>

Add ''Photos'' of the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

'''''Please make sure not to use copyrighted photos.'''''

===Colors===
List the colors that the particular <MODEL> is offered in.

===Main Competitors===
Create links to other <MAKE> <MODEL> pages in this section.

==Hybrid Models==
If there are [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] versions of this vehicle manufactured, then please elaborate a little bit on it here.

==Unique Attributes==
If there are any features of this [[automobile|vehicle]] that sets it apart from other [[automobile|vehicles]] in its class, then mention those ''unique attributes'' here.

==Interior==
This section should include information on the interior's ''design'', ''build quality'', ''ergonomics'', ''space (head and legroom, front and rear)'', ''features'', ''stowage compartments'' and ''overall comfort'' and ''livability''. Add pictures wherever applicable and '''''keep information in a third-person point of view'''''.

==Resale Values==
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''<MODEL> Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X-3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
|}

==Criticisms==
Please make sure to '''''keep critiques in a third-person point of view'''''. If using criticisms from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

==Generations==
Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary and pictures wherever applicable.

'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

==Current Generation: (YYYY–present)==

===Fifth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Fourth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Third generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Second generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===First Generation/Origins (YYYY–YYYY)===

==Worldwide==
If the [[automobile|vehicle]] is sold in other markets worldwide, then this is the section to mention that information. Also, mention if the <MODEL> goes by another name in these other markets.

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
List out notable ''awards'' that the model has received while in production. '''Boldface''' the company or organization that gives out the award, and ''Italicize'' the name of the award.

==See Also==
{{Buick}}

==External Links==
Please include any external sites that were used in collaborating this data, including manufacturer sites, in this section.

'''''News and References'''''

'''''Enthusiast Sites and Discussion Forums'''''

[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]]
[[Category:Discontinued Models]]

Buick Invicta

2010-06-04T07:39:13Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

Buick GSX

2010-06-04T07:38:47Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

Buick Skylark

2010-06-04T07:38:06Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

The '''Buick Skylark''' was a passenger car produced by the [[Buick]] division of [[General Motors]]. The model was made in six production runs. In each production, the car design varied quite dramatically. This was due to changing technology, changing tastes, and new standards being implemented over the years.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{FULLPAGENAMEE}} Review]]'''.
===Recent Changes===

===Styles and Major Options===

===Gas Mileage===

===Reliability===

===Safety===

===Photos===

===Colors===

===Main Competitors===

==Unique Attributes==

==Resale Values==
==Criticisms==

===Seventh generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Sixth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Fifth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Sixth Generation (1980–YYYY)===

===Fifth Generation (1975–1979)===
The Skylark was replaced by the [[Buick Century]] as Buick's redesigned intermediate car in 1973. The Skylark name was revived in 1975, when it was used as the name for Buick's X-body coupe. It replaced the [[Buick Apollo|Apollo]] name on that vehicle, although the Apollo name continued for the rest of that year on the X-body sedans. In 1976, the Skylark name totally replaced the Apollo name and was used for all the coupe, hatchback, and sedan bodystyles.

==Fourth Generation (1968–1972)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:Buick Skylark 1968 Blue Front.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Buick Skylark (1968-1972)'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Buick]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1968-1972,
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Mid-size Car
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 2-Door Convertible <br> 2-Door Coupe <br> 4-Door Sedan
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Designer
| [[Bill Mitchell]] and others at [[General Motors]]
|}

From 1968 through 1972, the Skylark was an intermediate "full-size" car according to [[U.S. EPA]] standards. The GS400 continued, and the GS340 was upgraded to GS350 status. There also was a GS350 California based on the Special post coupe; in 1967, it had been a regional trim package but now was nationwide.

In 1969, the Stage 1 was officially released (it had been a dealer-installed package in 1968), and in 1970, GM's ban on engine size and lb/hp was rescinded and Buick went nuts with the GS455 and GS Stage 1. These two, along with the GS350, continued on through 1972.

The GSX also was introduced in 1970. Similar to GTO's Judge, it came standard with the standard 455 and had the Stage 1 as an option. It was available in two colors - Saturn Yellow or Apollo White.

Starting in 1971, the GS became one package with the 350, 455, and Stage 1 as choices (rather than a separate GS350 and GS455). Likewise, the GSX was available with all three engines. Color choices for the GSX were increased as well.

===Engines===
* [[Buick V8 engine#215|215 in³ (3.5 L) V8]]
* [[Buick V8 engine#300|300 in³ (4.9 L) V8]]
* [[Buick V8 engine#350|350 in³ (5.7 L) V8]]
* [[Buick V8 engine#455|455 in³ (7.5 L) V8]]
{{-}}

==Third Generation (1964–1967)==
Beginning in 1965, the Skylark included the [[Buick Gran Sport|Gran Sport]] (GS) package, which included the [[Buick V8 engine#401|Buick 401 in³ (6.6 L) V8]], turning the Skylark into a [[muscle car]]. For 1967, a new 400 cid engine was introduced to replace the "Nailhead" 401.

==Second Generation (1961–1963)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:Buick Skylark 1968 Blue Front.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Buick Skylark (1961-1963)'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Buick]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1968-1972,
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Mid-size Car
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 2-Door Convertible <br> 2-Door Coupe <br> 4-Door Sedan
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Designer
| [[Bill Mitchell]] and others at [[General Motors]]
|}

The Skylark started as an upscale pillared-coupe based on the Buick Special, but after 1964 all of the newer intermediate models used the Skylark name.

===Engines===
* [[Buick V8 engine#215|215 in³ (3.5 L) V8]]
{{-}}

==First Generation (1953-1954)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:Buick Skylark 1953 Red Fall.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Buick Skylark (1953-1954)'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Buick]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1953-1954,
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Luxury Convertible
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 2-Door Convertible
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Designer
| [[Harley Earl]] and others at [[General Motors]]
|}

Introduced to mark Buick's 50th anniversary, the '''Buick Skylark''' (first use of the name for a production vehicle) on one of three specialty convertibles produced in 1953 by [[General Motors]]; the other two were the [[Oldsmobile Fiesta]] and the [[Cadillac Eldorado]]. All three were limited production vehicles promoting General Motors' design leadership. Of the three, the Skylark had the most successful production run with 1,690 produced. This was considered quite an amazing sales feat, for the car had a list price in 1953 of slightly in excess of [[United States dollar|US$]]5,000. However, many languished in dealer showrooms and were sold at discount.

All 1,690 regular-production Skylarks built in 1953 (and all in 1954) were [[convertible]]s. The 1953s were based on the 2-door [[Buick Roadmaster|Roadmaster]] convertible, having identical dimensions (except height), almost identical convenience and appearance equipment, and a Roadmaster drive train. In 1953, the model designation for the Skylark was 76X, while the model designation for the Roadmaster convertible was 76R. The few options available to the Roadmaster convertible buyer were standard equipment to the Skylark buyer, albeit the base price for the well-equipped Roadmaster convertible was only about US$3,200.

The 1953 Skylark featured [[V8]] power and a 12 volt electrical system, both a first for Buick, as well as full-cutout wheel openings, a styling cue that would make its way to the main 1954 Buick line. Also making its way into the 1954 Buick line was the cut-down door at the base of the side window line that bounced back up to trace around the rear window (or convertible top). This styling clue stayed with Buick for many years and can be found on any number of automobile brands to this day.

The 1953 Buick Skylark was a handmade car in many respects. The stampings for the hood, trunk lid and a portion of the convertible tub were the same as the 1953 Roadmaster convertible (and Super convertible, model 56R). The stampings for the front fenders, rear fenders, the outer doors, and a portion of the convertible tub were unique to the Skylark. All Skylark convertible tubs were finished with various amounts of lead filler. It is not unusual to find a substantial amount of lead filler just behind the doors near the bottom of the window line. The inner doors of the Skylark were made from the inner doors of the 2-door [[Buick Roadmaster|Roadmaster]] and Super by cutting the stamping in half approximately parallel with the ground and then welding the two pieces back together in a jig at an angle that produced the necessary door dip (see photos of finished car).

Although there were many unique design features of the 1953 Skylark, one that goes almost unnoticed today is that the top and seating of the car were lowered a few inches below the Roadmaster and Super convertibles. This was achieved not by changing the frame, body or suspension, but by cutting the windshield almost three inches shorter and lowering the side windows and convertible top frame. To accommodate people without bumping their heads with the top up, the seat frames and steering column were lowered.

The wheels of the 1953 Skylark were true wire wheels, produced by [[Kelsey-Hayes]], with everything chromed save for the plated and painted "Skylark" center emblem. Although this was high style in 1953, the wheels were heavier than the regular steel wheels, would require periodic truing to keep them straight and balanced, and required tubes within the tires just when tubeless tires were becoming the norm, as they were throughout the rest of the Buick line.

For 1954, the Skylark returned, although radically restyled [http://www.motorbase.com/profiles/picture/index.ehtml?i=112806128]. This Skylark featured elongated wheel cutouts, the interior of which were available painted a contrasting color to the body color. For example, black cars could receive white or red wheel wells. The trunk of the restyled Skylark was sloped into a semi-barrel shape. Tail lights were housed in large chromed fins that projected from the tops of the rear fenders.

The car was now based on the all-new shorter [[Buick Century|Century]]/[[Buick Special|Special]] chassis and not the top-of-the-line Roadmaster/[[Buick Super|Super]] chassis, also all-new for 1954. However, it did share the Roadmaster and Century powertrain, the highest output in the 1954 Buick model lineup. This powertrain was an evolutionary improvement, but very similar to the 1953 powertrain.

The model designation for the 1954 Buick Skylark was "100", a completely unique designation. The short wheelbase cars were the Buick Special: series 40, the Buick Century: series 60, and the Buick Skylark: series 100, albeit a series of just one model. All production Buick Skylarks were built as 2-door convertibles. They had the same luxury equipment as the 1953 Buick Skylarks.

Like their 1953 counterparts, the 1954 Skylark had a number of unique sheetmetal stampings, but without the hand labor that went into the 1953 Skylark production. In addition to unique front and rear fenders with the elongated wheel cutouts, the 1954 Skylark had a unique trunk with its semi-barrel shape and huge, rounded chrome fins. Interestingly, the hood was also unique to the 1954 Skylark in a small way. The hood ornament was quite different from all other Buick models for the 1954 [[model year]]. However, this same hood ornament, although unique in size to just this one model in 1954, was to portend the design of the 1955 Buick hood ornament used on all models of that year.

The cost of the Skylark, mixed with the public's dislike for the restyle and its perceived step down in rank to the Special/Century series versus the 1953 rank with the Super/Roadmaster series resulted in poor sales and the car's demise at the end of the 1954 [[model year]].

===Engines===
*322 in³ (5.3 L) [[Buick V8 engine#322|Nailhead]] [[V8]]
{{-}}

==Worldwide==

==Design quirks and oddities==

==Awards==

==See also==
{{Buick}}

This article features content from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buick_Skylark Wikipedia Buick Skylark page] with these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buick_Skylark&action=history contributors]
==External Links==

[[Category:Buick Vehicles]]
[[Category:Discontinued Models]]
[[Category:Sedans]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]

Buick Skyhawk

2010-06-04T07:37:35Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* Generations (1982-1988) */

Buick Somerset

2010-06-04T07:36:49Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

Buick Reatta

2010-06-04T07:35:59Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

{{Infobox |
|Image = [[Image:Buick Reatta Red Coupe.JPG|300px]]
|Marque = [[Buick]]
|aka = '''Type aka here, not up there'''
|Production = 1988-1991<br>21,751 units
|Class = Sporty Luxury Car
|Body Style = 2-Door Coupe <br/> 2-Door Convertible
|Length = 181.3 in (4605 mm)
|Width = 71.7 in (1821 mm)
|Height = 51.2 in (1295 mm)
|Wheelbase = 98.5 in (2502 mm)
|Weight = 3392 lb (1539 kg) Coupe <br/> 3593 lb (1630 kg) Convertible
|Transmission = 4-speed 4T60 Automatic ('88-90)<br/> 4-speed 4T60-E Automatic (1991)
|Engine = 3.8 litre (3800cc) [[V6]]
|Power = 165 hp (123 kW) @ 4800 rpm<br>210 lb-ft of [[torque]] @ 2000 rpm<br><br>170 hp (127 kW) @ 4800 rpm<br>220 lb-ft of [[torque]] @ 3200 rpm
|Similar = [[Cadillac Allante]] <br/> [[Buick Riviera]]
|Designer = '''Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)'''
}}
The '''[[Buick]] Reatta''' was a "hand-made" luxurious [[sports coupe]] produced at the Reatta Craft Centre in Lansing, Michigan from early 1988 through 1991. Like the [[Cadillac Allante]], It was based on a shortened and heavily modified version of the "[[GM E platform|E-body]]" used by the [[Cadillac Seville]], [[Cadillac Eldorado]], [[Oldsmobile Toronado]] and most particularly the [[Buick Riviera]] with which it shared its advanced electronics and interior furnishings.

The Reatta sported its own unique body style and was crafted with an attention to detail and quality and finish uncommon for a mass-produced automobile. Initially offered as a coupe, a convertible version was added for 1990. It used GM's ubiquitous [[GM 3800 engine|3800]] [[V6]] and sported a fully [[independent suspension]] and [[front wheel drive]].

During the first two years of contruction the Reatta, like its Riviera stablemate, featured a touch screen computer interface called the Electronic Control Center, or ECC. The touch screen controlled the radio and climate control functions, provided diagnostic access to the vehicle's various electronic systems and sensors. It also featured a date reminder, a trip computer, and a user configurable overspeed alarm.

The Reatta was conceived during a period in the early to mid-1980s when the [[Buick]] division was marketing high performance editions of its vehicles (such as the [[Buick Grand National]]). However, midway through the development of the Reatta, GM decided to refocus the brand on a more traditional and mature image that was thought to be more in keeping with its core older buyer demographics. The resulting vehicle had a shape that carried performance car styling cues but provided little in the way of actual high performance. Additionally, the Reatta's extremely high level of electronics was a somewhat of turn-off for those "mature" potential buyers that the division was actively trying to court.

The Reatta was intended as a technological flagship-[[halo car]] for Buick, but sales, originally planned to be around 20,000 units a year, were extremely disappointing and GM announced the end of Reatta production in early 1991.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{PAGENAME}} Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes/News===
The Buick Reatta ceased production in 1991. See Yearly Changes below.

===Styles and Major Options===

The Reatta was marketed as a "fully loaded" automobile and came with almost every conceivable amenity for the time as standard. The only options at the time of release were a "16-way" electrically adjusted drivers' seat and a late-availability sunroof. In 1990, a CD player was added to the options list. For all years body-colored beltline mouldings were available as a no-cost option.

===Pricing===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=6 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | 1988 Coupe
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | 1989 Coupe
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | 1990 Coupe
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | 1990 Convertible
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | 1991 Coupe
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | 1991 Convertible
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=6 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $ 25,000
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $ 26,700
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $28,335
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $34,995
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $ 29,300
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $ 35,965
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=6 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Years'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | 1988
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | 1989
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | 1990
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | 1991
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | 17/26
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| 17/26
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | 16/25
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| 16/25
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
Specifications, details, graphs, pictures and other information regarding the powertrain is placed in this section.

===Performance===
Please make sure to '''''write information of the vehicle's performance in a third-person point of view'''''. This section should include information about the car's '''acceleration figures''', '''handling''', '''braking''', etc.

If using information gathered from Road Test articles from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

===Reliability===

The Reatta, despite dire predictions in the automotive press of the time, turned out to be fairly reliable and inexpensive to maintain. The '88-89 models' touchscreen controls rarely fail and in the end are inexpensive to repair. The [[drivetrain]] is standard-issue [[GM]] [[GM 3800 engine|3800]] which is among the most reliable and long-lasting engines ever produced by [[GM]]. One area of concern is the Teves [[ABS|anti-lock]] braking system which utilized an electric motor and pressurized accumulator rather than a conventional vacuum-driven [[master cylinder]]; if not properly maintained sudden loss of braking power can result. This is a failure mode common to all similar [[ABS]] systems of that era, but has caught many an uneducated owner unaware.

Those contemplating Reatta ownership today should be aware that all mechanical parts remain readily and inexpensively available due their widespread use through out [[GM]]'s product line-up.
Due to the extremely low production numbers, Reatta-specific parts can be more difficult to source, but are often obtainable at a reasonable cost through the well-organized network of Reatta aficionados available online (see links below). Nonetheless, there are some items that have become so rare and thus expensive that damage to them can result in a car that is de-facto "totaled"; Notably the windshield which is for the most part unavailable new, and if located can cost from $ 1,500.00 to $ 2,500.00.

===Safety===
The Reatta benefitted from an extremely stable highly-engineered [[independent suspension]] system that was designed to accommodate a much more powerful drivetrain than what ended up being provided. Its wide track relative to its length makes it extremely stable and nimble. The Reatta was equipped standard with [[ABS|anti-lock]] brakes which when properly maintained provide confident and stable stopping power. The Reatta [[coupe]]'s [[bubbletop]] canopy provides an exceptional view of the drivers surroundings with little to no [[blind spots]].

===Photos===
<gallery>
Image:Buick_Reatta_1988_You_Deserve_It_Ad.jpg|1988 Buick Reatta Advertisement
Image:Buick_Reatta_1988_Broch_pic_01.jpg|1988 Buick Reatta
Image:Buick_Reatta_1988_Interior_01.jpg|Early-88 Buick Reatta Interior
Image:Buick_Reatta_1988_02.jpg|1988 Buick Reatta
Image:Buick_Reatta_1989_PeopleWillNotice_Ad.jpg|1989 Buick Reatta Advertisement
Image:Buick_Reatta_1989_Rear.jpg|1989 Buick Reatta
Image:Buick Reatta Silver Coupe.jpg|1989 Sterling Silver Metallic Coupe
Image:Buick_Reatta_Convertible_1990_GMPromo.jpg|1990 Buick Reatta Convertible
Image:Buick_Reatta_2nd_Dash_Design.jpg|90-91 Instrument Panel
Image:Buick Reatta Red Convertible.jpg|1990 Bright Red Convertible
Image:1990_Buick_Reatta_Convertible_Aerial.jpg|1990 Bright Red Convertible
Image:Buick Reatta White Side.jpg|1991 Arctic White Convertible
</gallery>

Add ''Photos'' of the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

'''''Please make sure not to use copyrighted photos.'''''

===Colors===

* Arctic White (all years)
* Bright Red (all years)
* Black (all years)
* Sapphire Blue Firemist Metallic (all years)
* Sterling Silver Metallic (all years)
* Claret Red Metallic (all years)
* Pewter Gray Metallic ('88-89)
* Gunmetal Gray Metallic ('90-91)
* Light Driftwood Metallic (1990)
* Maui Blue Metallic (90-91)
* Polo Green Metallic (1991)

===Main Competitors===

Buick marketed the vehicle as a sports car without the compromises and "uncomfortability" of a sports car. [[Buick]] believed that the Reatta was a competitor for the [[Mercedes-Benz SL]], the [[Nissan 300ZX]], [[Chrysler TC|Chrysler's TC by Maserati]] the [[Chevrolet Corvette]] and of course [[GM|GM's]] own [[Cadillac Allante]]. Whether the Reatta was a credible competitor for all of these disparate offerings or was often "cross-shopped" by the buyers of the time is debatable.

==Unique Attributes==

Arguably, the Reatta's primary attraction is its styling, which is unique and was almost universally praised at the time of its production. From the coupe's [[bubbletop]] roofline, "floating" sideview mirrors, retractable headlamps, full width taillamp array and wrap-around parking lamp assemblies the vehicle was clearly styled to attract attention. The convertible featured all of the coupe's styling cues with the additional appeal of a folding top that disappeared under a flush-closing hard tonneau cover for a smooth, sleek look. The Reatta's interior is extremely roomy for a [[two-seater]] and its nimble [[independent suspension]], pleasant ride and high-geared [[transmission]] make for an extremely capable and comfortable long-distance high speed cruiser. Acceleration is brisk though not by any means neck-snapping and it handles curves with aplomb. [[Front wheel drive]], [[ABS|anti-lock]] braking and a wide stance makes for exceptionally stable handling and control in wet or snowy conditions. Full digital instrumentation (with touch-screen controls in years '88-89) was a technological marvel at the time of the vehicles production and though often criticized on aesthetic grounds by many, has some dedicated admirers to this day.

==Interior==

The Reatta debuted with almost every luxury and convenience feature as standard; dual 6-way power seats, power windows, power locks, heated power side-view mirrors, automatic climate control, 8 speaker stereo radio with cassette player, illuminated entry, dual illuminated visor mirrors, low-pile velour-like carpeting, remote releases for the trunk, fuel filler door and glovebox and of course, the controversial GCC touchscreen interface that provided control for the interior climate and stereo as well as a trip computer, gauges, programmable reminders and onboard diagnostics.

A major interior revision for the 1990 model year replaced the squared-off instrument panel with a sweeping curved unit with a conventional stereo radio with a cassette player and a standard automatic climate control interface along with [[digital instrumentation]] providing vacuum-fluorescent readouts of a full compliment of gauges.

An additional benefit of Reatta's unique manufacturing process was an exceedingly high level of fit and finish. It also offered a very spacious interior given it's roots in [[GM]]'s substantial [[GM platform E|E-body]] [[platform]] and featured locking storage compartments recessed into the rear deck behind the seats as well as a large pass-through door between the passenger compartment and its large trunk, making it unusually practical for a [[two-seater]].

This section should include information on the interior's ''design'', ''build quality'', ''ergonomics'', ''space (head and legroom, front and rear)'', ''features'', ''stowage compartments'' and ''overall comfortability'' and ''livability''. Add pictures wherever applicable and '''''keep information in a third-person point of view'''''.

==Resale Values==
Values are approximate and updated 10/08.

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=6 |'''Reatta model Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | 1988 Coupe
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | 1989 Coupe
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | 1990 Coupe
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | 1990 Convertible
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | 1991 Coupe
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | 1991 Convertible
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=6 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $ 2500-7000
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $ 2500-7000
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $ 2500-7000
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $ 4000-15000
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $ 3000-9000
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $ 5000-18000
|}

==Production==

{|border="1" cellpadding="3"
!Year||4EC97 Coupe||4EC67 Convertible||Total
|-
|1988||4,708||0||4,708
|-
|1989||7,009||0||7,009
|-
|1990||6,383||2,132||8,515
|-
|1991||1,214||305||1,519
|-
|colspan=3|Total:||21,751
|}

==Criticisms==
Please make sure to '''''keep critiques in a third-person point of view'''''. If using criticisms from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

==Generations/Special Variants==
Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary and pictures wherever applicable.

'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

==First Generation/Origins (1988–1991)==

====1988====
* All new model.
* Mid-year running change from leather and suede seating to all-leather due to durability concerns.
* Mid-year running change from silver/black 'R' logo horn button to color "sunburst" 'R' logo.
* Mid-year, sunroof option becomes available.

====1989====
* Larger 'R' "sunburst" hood ornament.
* Remote controlled glove box door replaced with a conventional locking door.
* Remote trunk and gas door release buttons relocated to glovebox from center console.
* Keyless entry added as standard.
* Revised, hydraulic engine mounts.

====1990====
* Interior revised. [[Touchscreen]] eliminated and replace with a more conventional [[digital dash]] with [[GM]] standard-issue stereo radio-cassette player and HVAC controls housed within a new rounded dash enclosure.
* Power window controls relocated from center console to door-mounted armrests.
* Rear quarters' component speakers replaced with conventional 4X6 units.
* Illuminated door lock keyways eliminated.
* Steering wheel [[airbag]] added as standard.
* Optional CD player offered as an add-on to the standard stereo radio with cassette player.
* Convertible model debuts.

====1991====
* [[GM engine 3800|3800 Series I]] engine as standard, with increased [[horsepower]] and [[torque]] coupled to a new electronically-controlled [[GM transmission 4T60-E|4T60-E]] 4-speed [[automatic transmission]] with revised gear ratios.
* Teves [[ABS|anti-lock]] braking system replaced with a new vacuum-driven system.
* [[Twilight Sentinel]] automatic [[headlights]] added as standard.
* 16" [[aluminum alloy wheels]] replaced previous years' 15" [[rims]].
* [[Cupholder]] added to center console armrest.

===Select 60 Special Editions===

Given as an reward (extra allocation) to the top 60 [[Buick]] dealers, the 1988 Select 60 edition Reatta was a black coupe with a tan interior with "16-way" power seats and a special "Select 60" hood ornament. Inexplicably, only 55 were built for 1988.

In 1990 the Reatta was again chosen as [[Buick]]'s Select 60, this time it was the convertible model, finished in white with deleted pin-striping, and a white top, with white "16-way" leather seats, white door panels, with a flame red interior, CD player and two options that would not be available until 1991: white-painted 16" [[aluminum wheels]] and a [[cupholder]].

Select 60 models can be identified by the code X22 the vehicles' [[service parts identification label]], located within the Reatta's trunk.

==Worldwide==
If the [[automobile|vehicle]] is sold in other markets worldwide, then this is the section to mention that information. Also, mention if the <MODEL> goes by another name in these other markets.

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
List out notable ''awards'' that the model has recieved while in production. '''Boldface''' the company or organization that gives out the award, and ''Italicize'' the name of the award.

==See Also==
{{Buick}}

==External Links==
'''''Manufacturer's Sites'''''

'''''News and References'''''

'''''Enthusiast Sites and Discussion Forums'''''

* [http://forums.aaca.org/ubbthreads.php/ubb/postlist/Board/3/page/1 AACA/BCA Reatta Discussion Forum]
* [http://www.Reatta.org/ Reatta Division of the Buick Club of America]
* [http://www.Reatta.net/ Reatta.net]
* [http://reattaowner.com/roj/ Reatta Owners Journal]
* [http://www.frappr.com/buickreatta Frappr Reatta Owners Map]

[[Category:Buick Vehicles]] [[Category:1980s Automobiles]] [[Category: 1990s Automobiles]]
[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]] [[Category:Discontinued Models]]

Buick Roadmaster

2010-06-04T07:35:15Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

{{stub}}
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:1994_Buick_Roadmaster.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Buick Roadmaster'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Buick]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| aka
| {{{Write aka here}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1936-1958, 1991-1996
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| {{{Write Category of Car here}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| {{{Write Body Style here}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| {{{Write Length here}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| {{{Write Width here}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Height
| {{{Write Height here}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| {{{Write Wheelbase here}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| {{{Write Weight here}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-speed automatic transmission
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 1991: 5.0 L V8; 1992-1996: 5.7 L V8
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 1992-1993: 180 hp; 1994-1996: 260 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| {{{Write Similar Vehicles here}}}
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Designer
| {{{Write Designer here}}}
|}

Add model introduction here.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{FULLPAGENAMEE}} Review]]'''.
===Recent Changes===

===Styles and Major Options===

===Pricing===
Today's actual prices for the [[MAKE]] MODEL can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/MAKE/MODEL/prices CarsDirect].

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''MODEL Trims'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Trim1
</td>
<td>
Trim2
</td>
<td>
Trim3
</td>
<td>
Trim4
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$Price1
</td>
<td>
$Price2
</td>
<td>
$Price3
</td>
<td>
$Price4
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$Price1
</td>
<td>
$Price2
</td>
<td>
$Price3
</td>
<td>
$Price4
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Gas Mileage===
As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Trim1
</td>
<td>
Trim2
</td>
<td>
Trim3
</td>
<td>
Trim4
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=4 bgcolor=#cccccc>
'''MPG'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
c/h
</td>
<td>
c/h
</td>
<td>
c/h
</td>
<td>
c/h
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Reliability===

===Safety===

===Photos===
<gallery>
Image:Buickroadmaster.jpg
Image:Buick 1948 green 01.jpg
Image:Pub Buick Roadmaster 1956.jpg
Image:Retro1957 Buick.jpg
Image:1939BuickRoadmaster4-DoorConvertible-may10.jpg
Image:Thewoody.jpg
</gallery>

===Colors===

===Main Competitors===

==Hybrid Models==

==Unique Attributes==

==Resale Values==
<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=4>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Trim1
</td>
<td>
Trim2
</td>
<td>
Trim3
</td>
<td>
Trim4
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=4 bgcolor=#cccccc>
'''MPG'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$
</td>
<td>
$
</td>
<td>
$
</td>
<td>
$
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Criticisms==

==Current Generation: (YYYY–present)==

==Previous Generations==

(Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary)
===Seventh generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Sixth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Fifth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Fourth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Third generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Second generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===First Generation/Origins===

==Worldwide==

==Design quirks and oddities==

==Awards==

==See also==
{{Buick}}

==External Links==

*[http://www.impalaforums.com Impala SS Forums] - Buick Roadmaster Forums

[[Category:Discontinued Models]]

Buick Estate

2010-06-04T07:34:44Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

Buick Electra

2010-06-04T07:34:12Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* Also See */

[[Image:90 Electra.jpg|right|1990 Buick Electra|thumb|300px]]
The [[Buick Electra]] and the Buick Electra 225 were full-size premium automobiles built by the [[Buick]] division of General Motors. The Electra name (in various manners) was used by Buick between 1959 and 1990.

==Main Competitors==
* [[Mercury Grand Marquis]]
* [[Chrysler Fifth Avenue]]

==1959-1960==
Prior to 1959, the Buick Super, Roadmaster and Limited constituted the upper echelon of Buick's lineup. In 1959, all of Buick's models were renamed, with the Electra taking the place of the Super, and the Electra 225 taking the place of the Roadmaster and Limited models.

The Electra 225 nameplate was a nod to the vehicle's overall length of 225 in (5,715 mm), earning it the street name "deuce and a quarter."

The Electra 225 Riviera was the top-line model and it shared its 6-window hardtop roofline with the Cadillac Fleetwood. Buick had been using the "Riviera" name to indicate a premium trimmed hardtop body style beginning with the 1949 model year. A standard four-door hardtop and a two-door convertible were available, along with a stripped chassis of which 144 were built in 1959 and 1960

==1961-1964==
[[Image:62 Electra.jpg|right|1962 Buick Electra|thumb|250px]]
The Electra, along with the LeSabre, was redesigned for 1961 with drastically shrunken fins.

Buick discontinued the Electra nameplate at the end of the 1961 model year, leaving only the Electra 225 starting in 1962. Buick also dropped the Riviera name as a body style designation after the 1962 model year, shifting the Riviera name to Buick's new personal luxury coupe introduced in 1963.

Automatic transmissions were always standard. The 1959 to 1963 models had Twin Turbine Dynaflow 2-speed automatics (the Triple Turbine was available as an option in 1959) and starting in 1964, they were equipped with the Super Turbine 400 / THM 400 transmissions.

==1965-1970==
[[Image:67 Electra.jpg|right|1970 Buick Electra|thumb|300px]]
All GM passenger vehicles received a major restyling in 1965 dominated by flowing "Coke bottle" lines and fastback roof profiles on its coupe models, and the 6 window-body style was eliminated as GM moved to place more emphasis on the luxury provided by its four-door hardtop bodies. For 1965, Buick changed its marketing strategy and offering the Electra 225 in two trim levels, base and Custom. There was a new "Limited" option package on the Electra 225 Custom 4-door hardtop starting in 1967 (reviving a nameplate that graced Buick's ultra-luxury flagship in the late 1930s and again in 1958) and later became available on two-door hardtop models as well.

Windshield wiper blades were hidden in 1968 and 1969 saw the elimination of the vent windows on the front doors, as well as rear fender skirts.

The 1959 to 1966 Electras were powered by Buick's 401 in 6.6L V8 with an available 425 in version of the same engine from 1964 to 1966. The 1967 model had the new Buick 430 in 7.0L V8, and a 455 in 7.5L version of the same engine replaced it in 1970.

==1971-1976==
[[Image:75 Buick Electra.jpg|right|1976 Buick Electra|thumb|300px]]
All Electra 225s were hardtops in the 1971 to 1973 model years, eliminating the previous 4-door pillared sedan variant and the convertible. In 1974 Buick adopted GM's pillared coupe body and fitted it with the "Landau" option on the Electra Limited coupe. Optional driver and passenger airbags were also available in 1974, but unpopular due to their cost; a crude version of traction control called Max Trac was an option as well. Leather upholstery became an extra cost option on the Electra Limited models beginning in 1974, when that trim-level models also gained power windows and driver's seat as standard equipment.

'''1975'''

1975 brought about changes in all of General Motors C-body cars. In 1975, all Electra 225 coupes had fixed rear side windows and center posts. 1975 also brought along a newer front end and interior design. Rectangular headlights became standard on all GM c-body cars, along with many others. This supposedly would allow engineers to lower the front end to reduce wind resistance, but this wasn't very apparent with the new design. The Electra received a new metal "eggcrate" style grille, which wrapped covered most of the front end, and wrapping under the headlights. The grille included running lights on either side. There was a choice of a base model Electra 225, an upscale "limited" model, and an even posher "Park-Avenue" trim package, which was an interior package, boasting extremely comfortable seats and a center console, velour headliner, thicker carpet, and a different door panel design. The Park Avenue's seats were designed by Flexsteel. Many Park Avenues were built with the full size center console (unlike the Cadillac Fleetwood Talisman's half console), which eliminated the 6th passenger, in the front middle, between the driver and front passenger. 1975 also offered an ultra-luxury "Park Avenue Deluxe", which was sold only in 1975, and included every option available on the Electra (posi-traction, 15" rallye sport wheels, rear automatic leveling, etc). The Park Avenue Deluxe did not sell well as it was an expensive option and didn't sell very well (37 to be exact). The 1975 Electra was also the largest Buick ever built at 233.4 inches, which is over 19 feet. These cars truly dwarfed the newer front-wheel drive Electras and Park Avenues in terms of sheer size and weight. Power windows and driver's seat, which had been made standard on the Limited models in 1974, became standard on all Electra models in 1975. Also new to the standard equipment list were radial-ply tires.

'''1976'''

1976 brought about a few changes on the Electra. The front-end was reworked, including the grille and bumper. The new plastic grille featured 17 vertical bars and covered much of the radiator. The grille did not extend under the headlights in 1976, but instead Buick moved the running lights and turn signal lights underneath the headlights, where the 1975 grille had once been. The bumper no longer housed running lights. There were also some minor interior differences. The brake release handle was black instead of chrome, the seat material was slightly different, on the limited, notch-back diamond pattern seating. The 1975 material appeared in a "corduroy" form, but the actual material was not corduroy. The 1976 diamond pattern seating material did not have this appearance. The engine air cleaner did not have a "cold-air" ram air intake hose like the 1975 model did, and there were some carburetor changes and camshaft changes to meet EPA standards. The rear end ratio also was higher than the 1975 standard, at 2.56:1 instead of 2.73:1. The Park Avenue and leather seating in 1975 and 1976 were the same. Once again, there was the base 225 model, the limited, and the luxurious Park Avenue. The Park Avenue Deluxe vanished for 1976 due to poor sales. The 1976 Electra is about the same size as the 1975 at 233.3 inches, so basically these are the biggest Buicks that have ever been built.

The 1975 Buick Electra 225 Limited was the longest 4-door hardtop car GM ever built. At 233.4 in long, it was even longer than the 1975 Cadillac Deville; its last Fleetwood 4-door hardtop had been in 1964. The model also ushered in a return of the six window configuration that Buick offered between 1959 and 1964.

All Electras were powered by Buick's 455 in 7.5L engine between 1971 and 1976. The 1971 model had a respectable 315 hp, but that was reduced to a mere 205 hp by the 1976 model year; ever increasing government mandated emission controls were the culprit for the drop in performance. Even at its weakest state, the Buick-built 455 engine still produced 345 lb-ft of torque at 2000 rpm. The 455 was the standard engine on the Electra, but there were some built with Buick 350s during the GM strike, when 455 production halted. The 350 engine also came with a price rebate. The once mighty 455 engine disappeared after the 1976 model year, in favor of smaller, more efficient powerplants.

Total production for this genaration was 794,833.

==1977-1984==
[[Image:81 Electra.jpg|right|1981 Buick Electra|thumb|300px]]
GM downsized all C-body cars in 1977, including the Electra. It lost over 12 inches in length and quite a bit of weight too. The car was totally redesigned, but still offered base 225 and Limited trims, plus a top-line Park Avenue option package, which became available on the coupe. The console option in the Park Avenue was gone, never to return to the rear wheel drive Electra. The downsized model brought increased sales, with 161,627 Electras produced in 1977.

The big-block 455 was gone forever. The base engine was now the Buick 350 with a 4-barrel carburetor. The Oldsmobile 403 was optional from 1977 to 1979. Oldsmobile's 350 diesel was added to the option list beginning in 1980.

A different grille was the only cosmetic change for 1978, but 1979 brought a redesigned, flat front end. It didn't last, and the 1980 Electra went back to its earlier 1977 roots, but with a new grille featuring vertical slats. The 1981 model saw very few changes from the 1980 restyle but it got a modified grille, new powertrains (the Buick 350 V8 was dropped in favor of a standard Buick produced 252 in V6, and an optional Oldsmobile 307 in V8). The 350 in Oldsmobile-produced diesel was still available. For the first time since 1959, Electras didn't have four ventiports in 1981. The top-line Electra Park Avenue model continued to show 4 small depressions with stickers in the chrome moulding on its front fenders until they were completely gone in 1985. Production of the rear-wheel drive Electra ceased in April 1984. This was the last year of the rear wheel drive C-body, as the Cadillac Fleetwood was now on the D platform. The next rear wheel drive Buick of this proportion would be the 1992-1996 Roadmaster, sharing the same platform as the Chevrolet Caprice and Impala SS.

==1985-1990==
[[Image:90 Electra.jpg|right|1990 Buick Electra|thumb|300px]]
In 1985, a redesigned front-wheel drive Electra debuted with the new C platform. Sales began in April 1984, alongside the previous rear-wheel-drive model, which had ceased production that month. It was initially powered by either 3.0 or 3.8 liter Buick V6 engines mated to a 4-speed automatic overdrive transmission with a .70:1 overdrive gear. The trim levels for the Electra included Limited, Park Avenue, performance-oriented T-Type, and later, Park Avenue Ultra. One of the distinctly unusual features of this car was that unlike most other passenger cars, its hood was hinged to open towards the front, opposite of the conventional setup. In 1985, the Park Avenue badge became an official trim designation within the Electra series. It denoted, as it had in the past, the most luxuriously equipped and fully featured Electra available.

Although the overall design remained unchanged from 1985 to 1990, the Electra did undergo some noticeable changes. The first significant change came in 1987 when the Electra lineup lost the four-lamp "quad" headlights used in 1985-86 models in favor of composite one-piece headlights. In 1988 the Electra Park Avenue received what would later go on to become GM's flagship engine, the 3800 V-6. The original 3.8L V-6 was still offered in some Electra models through the 1988 model year and was designated by the VIN code 3, while Electras with the 3800 V-6 were designated by the VIN code C. In 1989 and 1990, GM added a new trim level to the Electra's existing Limited, Park Avenue, and T-Type variants; the Park Avenue Ultra. The Ultra was essentially an upgrade to the Electra Park Avenue line and featured standard leather trim interior, a padded vinyl top, and a variety of otherwise minor changes. The Park Avenue Ultra did not gain much notoriety, however, until the following generation of Park Avenue, where the "Ultra" badge offered significantly more features.

The long running Electra name was dropped from Buick's lineup at the end of the 1990 model year. Starting in 1991, "Park Avenue" became a distinct model instead of a trim designation as it had been in the past.

The Electra Estate station wagon model was an entirely different car that was based upon the 1977 full-size GM station wagon body (revised in 1980). 1990 saw the last of Electra production to make room for the Park Avenue.

==Also See==
{{Buick}}

[[Category:Discontinued Models]]

Buick Century

2010-06-04T07:33:31Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* Main Competitors */

[[Image:05 Buick Century.jpg|right|2005 Buick Century|thumb|350px]]
The '''[[Buick]] Century''' name actually dates as far back as 1936 and used on other various models in the 1950s before becoming one of Buick's main staples starting with the 3rd generation in 1973. The Century lasted until 2005, and had continually been one of Buick's better sellers, appealing largely to traditional, conservative buyers.

Here's a brief rundown on each generation:

==1st Generation (1936-1942)==

The first Century was slotted in between the '''Special''' and '''Roadmaster''' models, with the '''Limited''' being the top of the line. The Century's claim to fame was it had the Roadmaster's bigger 5.2L (320 cid) I8 engine, but was built on the shorter Special's body frame. This generation Century lasted through the 1942 model year and unfortunately was a bit of a poor seller for Buick, accounting for only 10% of its total sales.

==2nd Generation (1954-1958)==

In 1954, the Century name reappeared, again combining the smaller Special model with the larger engine of the Roadmaster model. This generation Century would again be short-lived, lasting only thru the 1958 model year. One interesting Century model, however, would be the 1957-58 '''Century Caballero''' hardtop station wagon, which would be the only such model ever offered by [[GM]]. It was a bit of a sales dud, though, prompting Buick to drop the model, and the entire Century line, after 1958. It would be replaced in 1959 by the [[Buick Invicta|Invicta]].

==3rd Generation (1973-1977)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | {{{Image}}}
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Buick Century'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[General Motors]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1973-1977
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Intermediate
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 2-Door Coupe<br>4-Door Sedan<br>5-Door Wagon
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 112" (coupe)<br>116" (sedan, wagon)
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 3700-4000 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-Speed Manual, RWD<br>3-Speed Automatic, RWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 3.8L (231 cid) V6 (1976-1977)<br>5.7L (350 cid) V8 (1973-1977)<br>7.5L (455 cid) V8 (1973-1976)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 105-220 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Chevrolet Malibu]]<br>[[Oldsmobile Cutlass]]<br>[[Pontiac LeMans]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| A
|}

After a 15 year hiatus, Buick pulled the Century nameplate out of the drawer one more time to place on its new intermediate model. The Century now was an A-body corporate mate to the [[Chevrolet Chevelle]] and [[Chevrolet Malibu|Malibu]], [[Oldsmobile Cutlass]] and [[Pontiac LeMans]], and basically picked up where the [[Buick Skylark|Skylark]] left off (although the Skylark name would reappear in 1975 on the newly-redesigned X-body compact).

The Century was available as a 2-door coupe, 4-door sedan and a 5-door wagon, and shared the common A-body "colonnade styling" theme. Sedans and wagons utilized the 116" wheelbase, while the coupes were on a shorter 112" wheelbase. The 2-door personal-luxury coupe [[Buick Regal|Regal]] also debuted this year (in fact at first it was known as the ''Century Regal''), and aside from obvious styling differences, it differed from the "regular" Century coupe by offering more luxurious interior appointments.

Base engine was the 5.7L (350 cid) V8 with a 2- or 4-bbl carburetor, with a 7.5L (455 cid) V8 4bbl V8 as an option. In addition to the Regal, the Century lineup for 1973 included the base Century, the mid-line Century 350 and the uplevel '''Luxus''' models each available as a two-door coupe or four-door sedan with the base and 350 coupes using a semi-fastback roofline with triangular fixed rear side windows and Luxus coupe sharing the Regal's squared-off formal roofline with vertical opera window. A sport-oriented Century '''GS''' or Gran Sport was offered using the semi-fastback coupe body, which was available with a variety of engines including a 350 four-barrel (190 hp), 455 four-barrel (250 hp) or the Stage 1 455 four-barrel (270 hp). Due to low compression and strangulation from emission controls, the '73 Stage 1's performance was only a shadow of the 1970 Stage 1 GSs of a few years prior, but Buick should be credited for at least ''trying'' to inject a little excitement, which wasn't easy for any car manufacturer in that timeframe, and far better than that year's Chevrolet Chevelle SS (454/245 hp), Pontiac GTO (455/250 hp) and Oldsmobile 4-4-2 (455/250 HP), or similarly watered down Ford or Chrysler intermediates. The '73 Century GS is now considered a minor collectible, especially a 455 model. About seven Century GS models were reportedly built with the 455 Stage 1/four-speed combo in 1973 out of a total production of nearly 800 Stage 1 455-equipped cars built that year, the vast majority of which were teamed up with the Turbo Hydra-matic 400 transmission.

1974 models got newer, larger front and rear bumpers to comply with the new federally mandated 5-MPH crash standards. this year, and all others continued as before. Regal models were no longer "Century Regals", they were now simply Regals. Also the base Century line was dropped, leaving the Century 350, Century Luxus and Regal lineups. Turbo Hydra-matic transmission and power steering became standard equipment on all Century models this year with power front disc brakes standard on station wagons and optional on coupes and sedans. The Regal line was expanded to include a four-door sedan for the first time this year. Radial tires were a new option on all models and included with the Gran Sport option, which was still offered with the Stage 1 455 V8, one of the few survivors from the musclecar era though horsepower dropped from 270 to 245 and the four-speed was deleted from the option list.

In 1975, all models got catalytic converters, mandating the use of unleaded gasoline, and they got new grilles and revised taillights but were otherwise the same as in 1974, other than the Luxus being renamed the Century Custom. Buick resurrected another nameplate from the past, the '''Special''', which became the base model. Buick's old V6 offered in the early to mid 1960s was resurrected in 231 cubic-inch form to meet a need for greater fuel economy following the 1973-74 energy crisis. The V6 was standard equipment on all Century models except station wagons and Regal sedans and in base form, came with a three-speed manual transmission though the Turbo Hydra-matic was optional and the only transmission available with the optional 350 and 455 V8s. The Century GS option continued for its final year as a trim package available with any engine offered in the Century lineup and a few white 1975 Century coupes with red and blue striping were built as replicas of the Century coupe that served as the pace car for that year's [[Indianapolis 500]] race. While the actual pace car was powered by a 455 cubic-inch V8, the street versions were motivated by either the 231 V6 or 350 V8.

All Centurys in 1976 got quad rectangular headlights (stacked vertically on four doors and wagons, horizontally on coupes) with Century coupes getting a sloped nosepiece and Regal coupes an upright vertical bar chrome grille. The 3.8L (231 cid) V6 remained standard all Century models except the station wagons and the Regal sedan, and the GS models were discontinued this year. The 350 and 455 V8s was still offered as options. As was the case in 1975, a Century coupe again served as the Indianapolis 500 pace car in 1976. The actual pace car was powered by a non-production turbocharged 231 V6 and served as a springboard for development of the production Turbo V6 that was introduced in the 1978 models.

An interesting '''Free Spirit''' package was offered on the coupes, which included silver paint with (very) large "Free Spirit" decals that ran down the sides of the car and trunklid. The Free Spirit package also blanked off the rear quarter windows with mock stainless steel plates. Body-colored mag wheels with the heavy-duty suspension were also included, and it could have either the 350 or 455 V8 with bucket seats, floor shifter and console or a bench seat with a column shifter. The Free Spirit, along with the Pace Car edition, were both very rare and would be quite a find today, and potentially offer minor collector interest.

Only minor trim changes were made for the 1977 Century, which was in its last year of the 1973 colonnade body that was set to be replaced by a new downsized A-body for 1978. The 455 cubic-inch V8 was discontinued, as were the Pace Car and Free Spirit editions. That year's full-size B-body [[Buick LeSabre|LeSabre]] had been considerably downsized and was now nearly the same size dimensionally as a full-size LeSabre for that one year only.

==Main Competitors==

*[[AMC Matador]]
*[[Dodge Coronet]]/[[Dodge Monaco|Monaco]]
*[[Ford Torino]]
*[[Mercury Montego]]
*[[Plymouth Satellite]]/[[Plymouth Fury]]

==4th Generation (1978-1981)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | {{{Image}}}
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Buick Century'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[General Motors]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1978-1981
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Intermediate
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 2-Door Fastback Coupe (1978-1980)<br>4-Door Fastback Sedan (1978-1979)<br>4-Door Notchback Sedan (1980-1981)<br>5-Door Wagon
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
|
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
|
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 108"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 3200-3500 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 3-Speed Manual, RWD<br>4-Speed Manual, RWD<br>3-Speed Automatic, RWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 3.2L (196 cid) V6 (1978-1979)<br>3.8L (231 cid) V6 (1978-1981)<br>3.8L (231 cid) Turbo V6 (1979-1980)<br>4.3L (260 cid) V8 (1980-1981)<br>4.9L (301 cid) V8 (1978-1981)<br>5.0L (305 cid) V8 (1978-1981)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 95-170 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Chevrolet Malibu]]<br>[[Oldsmobile Cutlass]]<br>[[Pontiac LeMans]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| A
|}

The 1978 Century was about 600 lbs lighter and over a foot shorter than the 1977 model. Base engine was now the 3.2L (196 cid) V6 engine, with the 3.8L (231 cid) V6 (a much more popular option) and the Pontiac-built 4.9L (301 cid) V8 with a 2-or 4bbl carb as options (a 5.0L 305 V8 was available on California models). A 4-speed manual transmission was available with any engine, but just about all had the 3-speed automatic. 2- and 4-door bodystyles ditched the former colonnade styling of the previous generation and were now a rather curious fastback "aeroback" theme shared with the [[Oldsmobile Cutlass]], and it was definitely a look not everyone approved of. Rear windows also didn't roll down at all, even on station wagon models - again, a cost-saving measure that didn't sit well with some buyers. Despite the oddball styling, the Century did still manage to be a respectable seller, but it was really the Regal coupe that got most of the attention.

1979 models got a different grille, but were otherwise identical to the '78s. One interesting model that debuted this year was the '''Turbo Coupe''', which had (naturally) a turbo 231 V6 engine that was borrowed from the Regal Sport Coupe. It was available only on the coupe and only with the automatic - and is the only Century of this bodystyle to garner any sort of collector interest, albeit very minor. Sales dipped a little this year, although it still sold in fairly substantial numbers.

In 1980, Buick wisely canned the aeroback sedan bodystyle and replaced it with a more conventional notchback bodystyle whose styling resembled the 1976-79 [[Cadillac Seville]]. And, not surprisingly, the Century saw a big sales spurt as a result. The mostly-ignored 3.2 V6 was dropped, the much more popular 231 V6 was now the standard engine. The 301 V8 remained an option (as did the 305 on California models), but the Oldsmobile-built 4.3L (260 cid) V8 also became an option. The 2-door still had the dowdy aeroback bodystyle, and the Turbo Coupe was still available, but very few buyers cared about either one of them.

In 1981, the 2-door aeroback Century was dropped altogether - if you wanted a 2-door mid-sized Buick, your only choice was now the Regal, which was fine by most buyers. Century Sedans and wagons got a new grille but were otherwise largely the same. The 301 V8 was now limited to the station wagons only, no longer available in the sedans. The largest V8 in the sedan was now the 260. The 231 V6 remained standard on both models. The Century name would be placed on a new front wheel drive A-body in 1982, but the rear-drive Century bodystyle would live on thru 1987 as a G-body Regal sedan.

==Main Competitors==

*[[Chrysler LeBaron]]
*[[Dodge Diplomat]]
*[[Ford LTD II]]
*[[Mercury Cougar]]

{{-}}

==5th Generation (1982-1996)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:95 Century.jpg|275px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Buick Century'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[General Motors]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1982-1996
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Intermediate
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 2-Door Coupe<br>4-Door Sedan<br>5-Door Wagon
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 190.3"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 69.5"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 54.1"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 104.9"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 3200-3500 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 3-Speed Automatic, FWD<br>4-Speed Automatic, FWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 2.2L (134 cid) I4 (1993-1996)<br>2.5L (151 cid) I4 (1982-1992)<br>2.8L (173 cid) V6 (1986-1989)<br>3.0L (181 cid) V6 (1982-1985)<br>3.1L (191 cid) V6 (1994-1996)<br>3.3L (204 cid) V6 (1989-1993)<br>3.8L (231 cid) V6 (1985-1988)<br>4.3L (262 cid) Diesel V6 (1982-1985)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 90-160 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Chevrolet Celebrity]]<br>[[Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]]<br>[[Pontiac 6000]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| A
|}

The Century was an entirely different animal from its predecessors this year. The Century was now an all-new front wheel drive A body, and now a corporate mate to the [[Chevrolet Celebrity]], [[Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] and [[Pontiac 6000]]. The Century rode the same 104.9" wheelbase that was based on the X-body [[Chevrolet Citation]], but the A-body proved much less troublesome than the X-body did (although it still wasn't without its issues, like every other car). Bodystyles were a 2-door coupe and a 4-door sedan, and base engine was a 92 hp 2.5L (151 cid) "Iron Duke" I4, with a 110 hp 3.0L (181 cid) V6 and a 4.3L (262 cid) diesel V6 as options. All engines had a 3-speed automatic. The new Century was originally intended to replace the older rear-drive model entirely, but it was still a strong seller for Buick, so they kept it on and it became a part of the Regal series.

1983 models differed very little, and in 1984, in addition to a revised grille a '''T-Type''' model was added, becoming Buick's version of the Chevrolet Celebrity Eurosport and Pontiac 6000 STE, although it wasn't nearly as popular as either of those models. Other big news for 1984 was the addition of a 5-door wagon model, available in base or woodgrained Limited trim, and could have either the 2.5 I4 or 3.0 V6. The Century's conservative styling was a hit with older traditional customers perhaps trading from a larger LeSabre or [[Buick Electra|Electra]]. 1985 models got another new grille, but remained the same otherwise. The 125 hp 3.8L (231 cid) V6 became an option this year, along with a 4-speed automatic transmission. 1986 models got a modest facelift, the front end was more angular and forward-facing than before. Taillights were revised slightly also on the coupes and sedans. The 3.0 V6 was dropped in favor of the 130 hp Chevrolet-built 2.8L (173 cid) V6 (which finally got fuel injection), and the 3.8 V6 got a power boost to 150 hp. The slow-selling diesel got the axe after 1985 also, but the Iron Duke I4 remained the standard engine. 1987 models pretty much mirrored the 1986s.

There wouldn't be many changes in store for the 1988s either, but in 1989, Centurys finally got a minor restyle, becoming more rounded in the front and rear, and gaining composite headlamps and large full-width taillights. The Iron Duke I4 got an hp boost to 110, and an all-new 160 hp 3.3L (204 cid) V6 replaced the 3.8 V6 as the top engine option. T-Types were also discontinued. In 1990, the 2.8 V6 was gone, and 1991 Centurys would get another new grille and front turn signals. In 1992, the Century and Cutlass Ciera would be the only 2 remaining A bodies left, as by now the Chevrolet Celebrity and Pontiac 6000 had gone on to bigger and better things. As staid as the Century design had become, it along with Olds's Cutlass Ciera still struck a chord with older traditional buyers and remained a strong seller for Buick. It also didn't hurt that the Century had become hugely popular with many rental car fleets.

In 1993, the Iron Duke I4 was dropped in favor of a 110 hp 2.2L (134 cid) I4, and they got a driver's side airbag as standard. 1994 models got another revised grille and a different V6 engine: the Chevrolet-built 3.1L V6 replaced the 3.3 V6, but hp remained the same at 160. Coupe models were discontinued this year, leaving only the sedan and wagon bodystyles. There weren't any real changes in 1995 other than a revised dashboard, but the Century, being as old as it was, still racked up 100,000 sales a year - many of which were fleet sales, but Buick had to be elated nonetheless. In fact, the car's name, "Century" had become a bit of a punchline with some in the automotive press, saying the car was aptly named because "it seems like it's been around that long." 1996 models were finally the last of this line, as GM would debut an all new redesigned model in 1997.

==Main Competitors==

*[[Chrysler Concorde]]
*[[Chrysler Fifth Avenue]]
*[[Chrysler New Yorker]] (1990-1993)
*[[Dodge 600]]
*[[Dodge Diplomat]]
*[[Dodge Dynasty]]
*[[Dodge Intrepid]]
*[[Eagle Vision]]
*[[Ford LTD]] (1983-1986)
*[[Ford Taurus]]
*[[Mercury Marquis]] (1983-1986)
*[[Mercury Sable]]
*[[Plymouth Caravelle]]
*[[Plymouth Gran Fury]] (1982-1989)

==6th Generation (1997-2005)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:05 Century.jpg|275px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Buick Century'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[General Motors]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1997-2005
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Intermediate
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4-Door Sedan
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 194.6"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 72.7"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 56.6"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 109"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 3300-3500 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-Speed Automatic, FWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 3.1L (191 cid) V6
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 160-175 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Buick Regal]]<br>[[Chevrolet Lumina]]<br>[[Oldsmobile Intrigue]]<br>[[Pontiac Grand Prix]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| W
|}

After a 15-season run in its prior form, Buick's staple sedan finally earned a total redesign. This generation Century was a bit larger than the previous, and was once again closely tied to the Regal for the first time since 1981. A 4-door sedan bodystyle was the only one available - no more station wagon. The Century would now be a W-body corporate mate to the [[Chevrolet Lumina]], [[Oldsmobile Intrigue]] (which would be introduced a year later), and the [[Pontiac Grand Prix]]. The 160 hp 3.1L V6 and 4-speed automatic transmission carried over from the previous generation, and would be the Century's sole drivetrain - no more four cylinders. Although the Century and Regal were very similar on the outside, the Century differed by offering a smaller engine and true 6-passenger seating (and of course a lower sticker price). While the Regal went after a younger, more sport-oriented clientele, the Century would once again appeal to the older, more traditional Buick-buying crowd - and once again, it hit its mark perfectly. Other than a couple of new colors there weren't many changes for 1998.

1999 Centurys got traction-control and a new tire-inflation monitor on the dash. There were a few changes in store for 2000: the 3.1 V6 got an hp increase to 175, and dual-zone climate controls (manual in the Custom, automatic in the Limited models). In 2000, a new Century 2000 Special Edition options package debuted included a blacked-out grille and door moldings, body-colored exterior trim, alloy wheels, steering-wheel audio controls, and "Century 2000" emblems. The Special Edition options package would become available on the base Custom in 2001, and OnStar would become standard on both the Custom and Limiteds. Not many changes in 2002 other than front bucket seats with a floor shifter borrowed from the Regal were now an option on the Limiteds. In 2003, the exterior trim moldings were now body-colored instead of chrome, 2004 models got the Regal's 4-wheel disc brakes and an optional driver's side impact airbag.

2005 Centurys got virtually no change after a short model year run, which would be the last of the Century as the model was finally retired for good. Century sales, while still fairly respectable, had started declining in its last few years - it remained popular with fleet sales (rental car agencies and such), but its biggest problem was that its core audience was dying off (literally), and Buick had to do something to reverse this trend. The Century was replaced by the all-new, much more up-to-date [[Buick LaCrosse|LaCrosse]] during 2005. Time will tell if the new LaCrosse will make the indelible mark on Buick history that the Century did.

==Main Competitors==

*[[Chrysler Concorde]]/[[Chrysler LHS|LHS]]
*[[Dodge Intrepid]]
*[[Ford Taurus]]
*[[Mercury Sable]]
*[[Toyota Avalon]]

{{Buick}}

[[Category:Discontinued Models]]

Buick LeSabre

2010-06-04T07:32:30Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

Buick Riviera

2010-06-04T07:31:44Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:Buick Riviera 1963.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Buick Riviera'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Buick]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Production
| 1963-1999
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Class
| Personal Coupe
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Body Style
| 2-Door Coupe
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| FR E-body (1963-1976) <br/> FR B-body (1977-1978) <br/> FF E-body (1979-1993) <br/> FF G-body (1995-1999)
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Related
| [[Oldsmobile Toronado]] <br/> [[Oldsmobile Aurora]] <br/> [[Cadillac Eldorado]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Similar
| [[Ford Thunderbird]] <br/> [[Mercury Cougar]] <br/> [[Lincoln Mark series]]
|}
'''Use the following MODEL TEMPLATE as the foundation for the Wikicars' Model page:'''

Start off with a brief Introduction to the particular MODEL. Please DO NOT use the same Introduction text from the [[Wikicars:Model Review Template|<MODEL> Review]] page, but rather paraphrase ideas relevant to grasp an overall scope of the [[automobile|vehicle]].

'''Please include the following line at the bottom of this section. Please replace [[Wikicars:Model Review Template|<MODEL> Review]] with the proper text:'''

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{FULLPAGENAMEE}} Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
Mention any minor facelifts or major changes made to the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

===Styles and Major Options===
Certain [[automobile|vehicles]] come in different trim levels or body styles. Features and major options should be mentioned here.

===Pricing===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Trim'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
Specifications, details, graphs, pictures and other information regarding the powertrain is placed in this section.

===Performance===
Please make sure to '''''write information of the vehicle's performance in a third-person point of view'''''. This section should include information about the car's '''acceleration figures''', '''handling''', '''braking''', etc.

If using information gathered from Road Test articles from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

===Reliability===
Warranty options and scheduled maintainence information should be mentioned here.

===Safety===
This section should reference points on safety ratings and features of the vehicle.

===Photos===

<gallery>
Image:Buick Riviera 1992.jpg|1992 Buick Riviera
</gallery>

Add ''Photos'' of the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

'''''Please make sure not to use copyrighted photos.'''''

===Colors===
List the colors that the particular <MODEL> is offered in.

===Main Competitors===
Create links to other <MAKE> <MODEL> pages in this section.

==Hybrid Models==
If there are [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] versions of this vehicle manufactured, then please elaborate a little bit on it here.

==Unique Attributes==
If there are any features of this [[automobile|vehicle]] that sets it apart from other [[automobile|vehicles]] in its class, then mention those ''unique attributes'' here.

==Interior==
This section should include information on the interior's ''design'', ''build quality'', ''ergonomics'', ''space (head and legroom, front and rear)'', ''features'', ''stowage compartments'' and ''overall comfortability'' and ''livability''. Add pictures wherever applicable and '''''keep information in a third-person point of view'''''.

==Resale Values==
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''<MODEL> Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X-3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
|}

==Criticisms==
Please make sure to '''''keep critiques in a third-person point of view'''''. If using criticisms from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

==Generations==
Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary and pictures wherever applicable.

'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

===Eighth generation (1995-1999)===
[[Image:Buick Riviera 1997.jpg|thumb|right|300px|1997 Buick Riviera]]

There was no 1994 Riviera, but a restyled, larger model returned for 1995, now with the option of a [[supercharger|supercharged]] version of the 3800 V6 rated at 225 SAE HP. The new Rivieras were built in [[Lake Orion, Michigan]]. The very first 1995 Riviera rolled off the assembly line on May 23, 1994.

1996 brought an increase in hp on the supercharged versions to 240 SAE HP and 280 lb-ft (380 N·m) of torque.
1997 saw revisions to the suspension which lightened the car and gave it more nimble handling. For 1998, the supercharged engine became standard. GM's [[OnStar]] service was added as an option, and a few interior changes were made.

1999 was the last model year for the Riviera, a very short one, production ceasing on November 25, 1998. The final 200 cars had special silver paint and trim and were denoted "[http://www.rivowners.org/silver.html Silver Arrow]" models, a designation which harkened back to several Silver Arrow show cars that had been built off Riviera bodies by Bill Mitchell.

===Seventh generation (1986-1993)===
[[Image:Buick Riviera 1986.jpg|thumb|right|300px|1986 Buick Riviera]]

The [[GM E platform|E-body]] coupes were converted to [[unit body construction]] and further downsized for 1986, to a 108 in (2,743 mm) wheelbase shared with the [[Buick Regal]]. The [[V6]] was now the only engine, rated initially at 140 SAE HP. This generation was noted for advanced electronic instrumentation, including the first automotive [[touchscreen]] controls. The smaller dimensions, generic styling, and lack of V8 power soured buyers, and sales plummeted to 22,138 for 1986, only 15,223 for 1987, and a dismal 8,625 for 1988. A restyle for 1989 that added 11 inches (279 mm) to the overall length (on an unchanged wheelbase) helped, but only incrementally, boosting sales to 21,189 for 1989, but dropping to a low of 4,555 for 1993, the shortened final year of that model. The last 1993 Riviera rolled off the [[Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly]] plant line on December 10, 1992.

===Sixth generation (1979-1985)===
[[Image:Buick Riviera 1981.jpg|thumb|right|300px|1981 Buick Riviera]]

1979 saw the debut of the first [[front wheel drive]] Riviera on a trimmer, 114 in (2,896 mm) wheelbase, now sharing its mechanical design and [[GM E platform|platform]] with the Cadillac Eldorado and Oldsmobile Toronado. The Olds 403 was droppped, but the 350 remained, as did a new [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] [[Buick V6 engine|Buick]] [[V6]] of 231 in³ (3.8 L) displacement with 185 SAE HP. The [http://members.tripod.com/~tishdish/riviera.html new Riviera] became ''[[Motor Trend]]'''s [[Car of the Year]]. Sales more than doubled, to 52,181 for 1979 and 48,621 for the very similar 1980 models.

1981 saw the Turbo renamed '''T-Type''' and the demise of the 350 engine in favor of the [[Oldsmobile V8 engine|Oldsmobile-built 307 in³ (5.0 L)]] with 140 SAE HP. A strange new option was a [[diesel]] engine with a mere 105 SAE HP. offered through 1985. 1982 also saw the first-ever Riviera [[convertible]], although relatively few were built, owing to very high prices. A [http://www.gaspumpclassics.com/resources/indy500/images/1983.jpg turbocharged Riviera convertible] was chosen to be the pace car at the 1983 [[Indianapolis 500]], although most convertible Rivieras had the V6 engine.

Overall sales made the 1980s Riviera a great success, reaching 65,305 for the 1985 model year.

===Fifth generation (1977-1978)===
Buick downsized the Riviera for 1977, sharing the new smaller [[GM B platform]]. It was, in most respects, a [[Buick LeSabre]] coupe with unique styling. It was reduced to a wheelbase of 115.9 in (2944 mm), down 6.1 in (155 mm), and an overall length of 218.2 in (5542 mm), down 4.8 in (122 mm). Weight dropped some 660 lb (300 kg). The 455 was gone, replaced by a 350 in³ (5.7 L) [[Buick V8 engine]] with 155 SAE HP or [[Oldsmobile V8 engine|Oldsmobile-built 403 in³ (6.6 L)]] with 185 SAE HP.

Sales were up modestly to 26,138 for 1977 and 20,535 for 1978, although this was strictly a transitional model.

===Fourth generation (1974-1976)===
[[Image:Buick Riviera 1975.jpg|thumb|right|300px|1975 Buick Riviera]]

The Riviera lost its controversial boat-tail roofline for 1974, as well as its forward-jutting grille. Thus modified, it looked a great deal more conventional, lacking its former distinction. The tamer-looking Riviera was no lighter, and its standard 455 lost more power, dropping to 210 SAE HP and 245 SAE HP for standard and Stage One models. Max Trac was dropped from the option list after 1974 due lack of buyer interest.

The revised styling did nothing for sales, which plummeted to 20,129. The Stage One was dropped for 1975, and the standard engine's output dipped to 205 SAE HP. Sales for 1975 were 17,306, rallying slightly to 20,082 for 1976.

===Third generation (1971-1973)===
[[Image:Buick Riviera 1971.jpg|thumb|right|300px|1971 Buick Riviera]]

The Riviera was radically redesigned for the 1971 model year with flowing and dramatic "[http://www.musclecarclub.com/musclecars/buick-riviera/images/buick-riviera-1973a.jpg boat-tail]" styling. Designed under Bill Mitchell's direction, it was penned by [[Jerry Hirshberg]], future head of design for [[Nissan]], mating the [[fastback]] rear window design of the 1963 [[Chevrolet Corvette|Corvette Sting Ray]] coupe to the Riviera's platform. The design was originally intended for the smaller [[GM A platform]], and the use of the Riviera's body—expanded for 1971 by three inches (76.2 mm) in wheelbase and more than 120 lb (55 kg) heavier—produced controversial looks. The 455 engine had a lower [[compression ratio]] to meet [[Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] emissions requirements, reducing power to 225 SAE HP with 250 SAE HP in the Gran Sport. Performance remained reasonably brisk, but the Riviera's sporty image was rapidly fading. One noteworthy advance was Buick's '''Max Trac''' system, a [[traction control]] system that prevented wheelspin during acceleration on slippery surfaces. Another unique option were rear shoulder belts. Both these advanced options are very rare.

Despite these features, Riviera sales for 1971 dropped to 33,810, the lowest to that time. The 1972 Riviera was little changed, with the 455 engine switching to net power ratings, 225 hp (168 kW) or 250 hp (187 kW) with the Gran Sport, although the actual drop in net power was only 5 hp (4 kW). Sales remained moribund at 33,728. For 1973, the 250 hp engine became standard, with 260 hp (194 kW) on the '''Stage One''', which replaced the Gran Sport, with 34,080 sold.

===Second generation (1966–1970)===

[[Image:Buick Riviera 1966.jpg|thumb|right|300px|1966 Buick Riviera]]

The Riviera was redesigned for the 1966 model year. It retained its cruciform frame, powertrain, and brakes, but it wore a longer, wider, more curvaceous body, a shell it now shared with the [[Oldsmobile Toronado]], and, a year later, with the [[Cadillac Eldorado]]. A notable styling point was the absence of vent windows, a feature GM had introduced with a flourish in the 1930s. Headlamps remained concealed, but they now pivoted up above the grille when not in use. Unlike the Toronado, the Riviera retained a conventional [[rear wheel drive]] layout. It was now some 200 lb (90 kg) heavier, so acceleration with the unchanged engines was slightly slower. The Gran Sport package remained available as an option.

Inside, the four-place cabin with front and rear bucket seats and center console was replaced by conventional bench seats as standard equipment, making the Riviera a full six-passenger car for the first time. Optionally available was a Strato bench seat with armrest or Strato bucket seats with either a short consolette or a full-length operating console with a "horseshoe" shaped floor shifter and storage compartment. Both the buckets and Strato bench seat were available with a reclining seat option for the passenger's side.

1967 was substantially the same except for the adoption of Buick's entirely new [[Buick V8 engine|V8]] of 430 in³ (7.0 L) displacement and 360 horsepower to replace the old 425 "nailhead". Powerful [[Disc brake]]s with Bendix 4 piston calipers became optional for the front wheels but most Riviera continued to be ordered with Buick's aluminum brake drums which were almost as good.

1968 and 1969 had a reshaped nose and rear bumper as well as hidden wipers. The interior was also new and unlike the 66-67 model, the 1968 shared its instrument panel with the other full size Buick models. There were very few mechanical changes in 1968 but the transmission lost the variable pitch torque converter. Again, Rivieras were available with front bench or bucket seats.

The 1970 model featured exposed headlamps and rear fender skirts. The engine was upgraded to 455 in³ (7.4 L), the largest engine Buick offered to date, rated at 370 gross horsepower (or 245 net horses) and over 500 pounds of torque. Even so, sales dropped in the final year probably because it was becoming overdue for a major styling change and competition from less expensive personal-luxury cars such as the Chevrolet Monte Carlo and Pontiac Grand Prix. But with 227,669 units sold over five seasons, the second-generation Riviera was more successful than the original, if less distinctive.

===First Generation/Origins (1963-1965)===

[[Image:Buick Riviera 1963.jpg|thumb|right|300px|1963 Buick Riviera]]

The production Riviera (unusually for a GM product) shared its bodyshell with no other model. It rode a cruciform frame similar to the standard Buick frame, but shorter and narrower, with a 2.0 in (51 mm) narrower track. Its [[wheelbase]] of 117 in (2972 mm) and overall length of 208 in (5283 mm) were 6.0 inches (152 mm) and 7.7 in (196 mm) shorter, respectively, than a [[Buick LeSabre]], but slightly longer than a contemporary Thunderbird. At 4190 lb (1900 kg), it was about 200 lb (90 kg) lighter than either. It shared the standard [[Buick V8 engine]]s, with a displacement of either 401 in³ (6.5 L) or 425 in³ (6.9 L), and [[Dynaflow|Twin Turbine]] [[automatic transmission]]. Brakes were Buick's standard "Al-Fin" ([[aluminum]] finned) drums of 12 in. (304.8 mm) diameter. [[Power steering]] was standard equipment, with an overall [[steering ratio]] of 20.5:1, giving 3.5 turns lock-to-lock.

The Riviera's [[suspension (vehicle)|suspension]] used the same basic design as standard Buicks, with [[double wishbone suspension|double wishbones]] front and a [[live axle]] located by [[trailing arm]]s and a lateral [[Panhard rod|track bar]], but the [[roll center]]s were raised to reduce body lean. Although its [[coil spring]]s were actually slightly softer than other Buicks, with the lighter overall weight, the net effect was to make the Riviera somewhat firmer. Although still biased towards [[understeer]], contemporary testers considered it one of the most roadable American cars, with an excellent balance of comfort and agility.

The Riviera was introduced on October 4, 1962 as a 1963 model, with a base price of $4,333, although typical delivered prices with options ran upwards of $5,000. Production was deliberately limited to 40,000 or less to increase demand.

With the same power as the larger Buicks and less weight, the Riviera had sparkling all-around performance: [[Motor Trend]] magazine found it capable of running 0-60 mph (0-96 km/h) in 8 seconds or less, the standing quarter mile in about 16 seconds, and an observed top speed of 115 mph (184 km/h), although 125 mph (200 km/h) was feasible with a longer run. Fuel consumption was a meager 13.2 mpg (18.4 L/100 km).

Inside, the Riviera featured a four-place cabin with front bucket seats separated by a center console with floor shifter and storage compartment that was built into the instrument panel, and bucket-style seats in the rear. Upholstery choices included all-vinyl, cloth and vinyl, or optional leather. Popular extra-cost options included a tilt steering wheel, CCC Forum-cruise control, power windows, power seats, air conditioning, AM/FM radio and wire wheel covers.

The Riviera continued with minimal trim changes for 1964 including the discontinuation of leather upholstery from the option list, differing mainly in substitution of the old two-speed Dynaflow-based Twin Turbine for the new three-speed [[Super Turbine 400]], which was marketed as Turbo Hydra-Matic by other GM divisions. This was the first year that the [http://www.rivowners.org/features/evolution/images/64/64hood.jpg Stylized "R"] emblem was used on the Riviera, a trademark that would continue throughout the remainder of Riviera's 36-year production run. Under the hood, the 401 (6.5L) was dropped in favor of the 425 in³ (6.9 L) [[V8]], with 220 SAE HP. A 'Super Wildcat' version was optionally available, with dual Carter AFB four-barrel [[carburetor]]s, rated at 240 SAE HP.

Changes for 1965 included the introduction of the '''Gran Sport''' option, which included the dual-quad Super Wildcat 425 V8, a numerically higher 3.42 axle ratio, dual exhausts, and stiffer, heavy-duty suspension. The 401 (6.5 L)[[Buick V8 engine|V8]] returned as the standard Riviera engine and the Super Turbine 400 transmission now had a variable pitch torque converter like the old Twin Turbine Dynaflow had two years before. Externally, the headlamps were concealed behind clamshell doors in the leading edges of each fender, as in the original design. Further back, the non-functional side scoops between the doors and rear wheel arches were removed, and the [http://www.rivowners.org/features/evolution/images/65/65-rear.jpg taillights were moved] from the body into the rear bumper. A [[vinyl roof]] became available as an option, initially offered only in black, and the tilt steering wheel optional in previous years was now standard equipment.

Total sales for the three model years was a respectable 112,244. All in all, the Riviera was extremely well-received and considered a great success, giving the Thunderbird its first real competition.
This [http://www.musclecarclub.com/musclecars/buick-riviera/images/buick-riviera-1963a.jpg first Riviera] is considered a styling landmark, and is quite collectible today.

==Worldwide==
If the [[automobile|vehicle]] is sold in other markets worldwide, then this is the section to mention that information. Also, mention if the <MODEL> goes by another name in these other markets.

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
List out notable ''awards'' that the model has recieved while in production. '''Boldface''' the company or organization that gives out the award, and ''Italicize'' the name of the award.

==See Also==
{{Buick}}

==External Links==
Please include any external sites that were used in collaborating this data, including manufacturer sites, in this section.

The page uses content from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buick_Riviera Wikipedia Buick Riviera page] and work form these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buick_Riviera&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Buick Vehicles]]
[[Category:Personal Coupes]]
[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]]
[[Category:Discontinued Models]]

Buick Rainier

2010-06-04T07:30:49Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External links */

Buick Rendezvous

2010-06-04T07:30:17Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* Production */

Chevrolet Corsica

2010-06-04T07:27:36Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

Chevrolet Chevette

2010-06-04T07:26:53Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* See Also */

'''[[Chevrolet]]''' introduced the '''Chevette''' subcompact for the 1976 model year, which brought Chevrolet's subcompact total that year to 3 (the [[Chevrolet Vega|Vega]] and [[Chevrolet Monza|Monza]] being the other 2). Unlike the Vega and Monza, however, the Chevette was based on an existing T-body European design and also sold as the ''Vauxhaull Chevette'' in the United Kingdom, ''Opel Kadette'' in Europe, ''Isuzu Gemini'' in Japan and the ''Holden Gemini'' in Australia. And, unlike other subcompacts introduced in this era, the Chevette was a rear-drive model, bucking the front wheel drive trend that cars like the [[Honda Civic]] and [[Volkswagen Rabbit]] were following (and others that were very soon to). The Chevette soldiered on for 12 seasons with very little change after its introduction, finally being discontinued in the middle of the 1987 model year. Although the Chevette was never universally loved, it was nonetheless respected, and was staggeringly popular in its first few years.

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:Chevrolet-chevette-1.jpg]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Chevrolet Chevette'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Chevrolet]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1976-1987
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Subcompact
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 3-Door Hatchback<br>5-Door Hatchback
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 158.7"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 61.8"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 52.3"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 94.3"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 2000-2300 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-Speed Manual, RWD<br>5-Speed Manual, RWD<br>3-Speed Automatic, RWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 1.4L (85 cid) I4 (1976-1977)<br>1.6L (98 cid) I4 (1976-1987)<br>1.8L (111 cid) Diesel I4 (1981-1986)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 53-70 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Pontiac]] [[Pontiac 1000|T1000/1000]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| T
|}

Here's a quick year-to-year rundown:

==1976-1987==

Premier 1976 models were treated to great fanfare, and a big reason why was that the Chevette largely ensconced the [[Volkswagen Beetle]] philosophy: cheap to run, cheap to maintain and most importantly - cheap to buy. Chevettes were definitely built to a price, on a very inexpensive rear-drive chassis and offered very-little-frills to no-frills-at-all. Base engine was a simple 53 hp 1.4L (85 cid) 1-bbl I4, with an optional 70 hp 1.6L (98 cid) 1-bbl I4 as an option. 4-speed manual transmission was standard, with a 3-speed automatic optional. Entry-level models were called ''Scooters'', which were about as basic as a car could get - rubber floor mats, painted front and rear bumpers instead of chrome, and an optional back seat (like we said - ''basic''). "Regular" Chevettes had chrome bumpers, and could have sporty '''Rally''' or '''Woody''' packages (the latter having faux-woodgrain side panels) and such niceties as AM/FM stereos and A/C.

1977 models didn't have any exterior changes to speak of, but the taillights could now have a separate amber turn-signal lense on all models except the Scooter. 1978 models got a small grille restyle, which was chromed along the edges just like the headlight bezels. A 5-door hatchback model was added, further adding to its appeal, and sales greatly increased as a result. The Woody package was dropped, as was the pokey 1.4L I4 engine, leaving the more-popular 1.6 as its sole engine choice. 1979 models got a front-end facelift, the hood was now flat and no longer extended down to the bumper. Headlights were now rectangular and the grille was a tight eggcrate design with the Chevy bowtie emblem in the center. 2-barrel carburetors replaced the 1-bbl, but transmission choices remained the same as before. The Chevette was now the best-selling small car in America.

Since the 1979 Chevettes got a new nose, the 1980s got a new tail with larger wraparound taillight lenses (but unfortunately lost their separate amber turn signal lenses). Chevettes continued their reign as the best-selling small car in America this year, but it would lose it in 1981 with increasing new competition that made the already-outdated Chevette look even more so. Since the Monza now gone, the Chevette was now (temporarily) Chevrolet's lone subcompact. Like all 1981 Chevrolets, Chevettes acquired GM's new Computer Command Control system for the gas 1.6 engine. And speaking of engines, for those not in the least bit of a hurry, an Isuzu-built diesel 1.8L (111 cid) I4 engine was now an option, with either a 5-speed manual as standard or an optional 3-speed automatic. The Chevette acquired a Pontiac corporate twin this year, the [[Pontiac 1000|T1000]], which was identical with the exception of a lower body-side molding and a blacked-out grille. The diesel was not available on the T1000. Not much changed for 1982 other than the Scooter now being available as a 5-door model, and a 5-speed manual finally became available on gas-engine models. '82 T1000s got a new vertically-finned grille.

1983 Chevettes got a slightly restyled nose with a body-colored front air dam and blacked-out grille. An "upper-level" '''CS''' model was added, and an '''S''' package got red exterior trim instead of black. The T1000, in keeping with Pontiac's newfound tradition, got red dashboard lighting but was otherwise unchanged. The base-level Scooter was dropped for 1984 and the T1000 was renamed 1000. For 1985, all Chevettes were now CS models. The 1.6L gas and 1.8L diesel engines continued with no changes, and a 4- and 5-speed manual and 3-speed automatics were still available. This year, a front wheel drive [[Suzuki]]-produced Chevy-badged subcompact debuted, called the [[Chevrolet Sprint|Sprint]], bringing Chevy's subcompact total back up to 3 (including the [[Chevrolet Cavalier|Cavalier]]). 1986 Chevettes and 1000s got the newly required Center High-Mounted Stop Lamp atop the rear hatch. The diesel was dropped for 1987, but there were no other changes as they were finally discontinued shortly after the start of the '87 model year. Sales had been falling off for years as the Chevette and 1000 had now gotten embarassingly old and outdated compared to the modern front wheel drive competition, not the least of which were Chevy's own Cavalier and Sprint models.

Pontiac replaced the 1000 in 1988 with the wretched Korean-built front wheel drive [[Pontiac LeMans]] that was based on an existing [[Daewoo]] design. Chevrolet, however, had no direct replacement for the Chevette, but the [[Suzuki]]-built [[Geo Metro]], which replaced the previous Suzuki-built [[Chevrolet Sprint]] in 1989, could be considered at least a spiritual replacement.

==Main Competitors==
*[[AMC Gremlin]]
*[[Datsun 210]]
*[[Dodge Omni]]
*[[Ford Pinto]]/[[Ford Escort|Escort]]
*[[Honda Civic]]
*[[Mazda Familia|Mazda GLC]]/[[Mazda 323|323]]
*[[Mercury Bobcat]]/[[Mercury Lynx|Lynx]]
*[[Nissan Sentra]]
*[[Plymouth Horizon]]
*[[Subaru GL]]
*[[Toyota Starlet]]
*[[Toyota Tercel]]
*[[Volkswagen Rabbit]]

==See Also==
{{Chevrolet}}
{{General Motors brands}}

[[Category:Discontinued Models]]

Chevrolet SSR

2010-06-04T07:25:50Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External links */

Chevrolet Prizm

2010-06-04T07:25:09Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

{{Infobox |
|Image = [[Image:98 chevrolet prizm lsi sedan.jpg|300px]]
|Marque = [[Chevrolet]]
|aka = '''Type aka here, not up there'''
|Production = '''produced from when to when+total units made (optional)'''
|Class = '''denote market class'''
|Body Style = '''how many doors+how many seats+what type of body'''
|Length = '''length - type here'''
|Width = '''Width - type here'''
|Height = '''Height - type here'''
|Wheelbase = '''wheelbase - type here'''
|Weight = '''Weight - you get the point'''
|Transmission = '''transmission + drive'''
|Engine = '''engine'''
|Power = N/A hp @ N/A rpm<br>N/A lb-ft of [[torque]] @ N/A rpm
|Similar = '''similar (competition)'''
|Designer = '''Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)'''
}}
'''Use the following MODEL TEMPLATE as the foundation for the Wikicars' Model page:'''

Start off with a brief Introduction to the particular MODEL. Please DO NOT use the same Introduction text from the [[Wikicars:Model Review Template|<MODEL> Review]] page, but rather paraphrase ideas relevant to grasp an overall scope of the [[automobile|vehicle]].

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[{{PAGENAME}} Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
Mention any minor facelifts or major changes made to the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

===Styles and Major Options===
Certain [[automobile|vehicles]] come in different trim levels or body styles. Features and major options should be mentioned here.

===Pricing===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Trim'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
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===Performance===
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===Reliability===
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===Photos===

<gallery>
</gallery>

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===Main Competitors===
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==Hybrid Models==
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==Unique Attributes==
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==Interior==
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==Resale Values==
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{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''<MODEL> Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X-3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
|}

==Criticisms==
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==Generations==
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'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

==Current Generation: (YYYY–present)==

===Fifth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Fourth generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Third generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===Second generation (YYYY–YYYY)===

===First Generation/Origins (YYYY–YYYY)===

==Worldwide==
If the [[automobile|vehicle]] is sold in other markets worldwide, then this is the section to mention that information. Also, mention if the <MODEL> goes by another name in these other markets.

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
List out notable ''awards'' that the model has recieved while in production. '''Boldface''' the company or organization that gives out the award, and ''Italicize'' the name of the award.

==See Also==
{{Chevrolet}}
==External Links==
Please include any external sites that were used in collaborating this data, including manufacturer sites, in this section.

'''''News and References'''''

'''''Enthusiast Sites and Discussion Forums'''''

[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]]
[[Category:Discontinued Models]]

Chevrolet Lumina

2010-06-04T07:24:15Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* Main Competitors */

'''[[Chevrolet]]''' introduced the all-new '''Lumina''' in 1990 as a replacement for the outgoing [[Chevrolet Celebrity|Celebrity]]. The Lumina was the last of [[GM]]'s new front-wheel-drive W-body designs to debut, as its corporate mates the [[Buick Regal]], [[Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] and [[Pontiac Grand Prix]], debuted two years earlier in 1988. The Lumina would undergo 2 generations, and last thru 2001 as a fleet model only.

==1st Generation (1990-1994)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:93 Lumina.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Chevrolet Lumina'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Chevrolet]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1990-2001
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Intermediate
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 2-Door Coupe<br>4-Door Sedan
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 199.3"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 71.7"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 53.6"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 107.5"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 3100-3400 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 3-Speed Automatic, FWD<br>4-Speed Automatic, FWD<br>5-Speed Manual, FWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 2.2L (132 cid) I4 (1993)<br>2.5L (151 cid) I4 (1990-1992)<br>3.1L (191 cid) V6 (1990-1994)<br>3.4L (207 cid) V6 (1991-1994)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 92-210 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Buick Regal]]<br>[[Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]]<br>[[Pontiac Grand Prix]]<br>[[Chevrolet Monte Carlo]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| W
|}

At first, a 4-door sedan was the only bodystyle, but a 2-door coupe debuted shortly afterwards (the Lumina line also spun off a minivan variant, the [[Chevrolet Lumina APV|Lumina APV]]). Since the rear-drive 2-door [[Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Monte Carlo]] departed in 1988, the Lumina coupe was seen as a quasi-replacement by some, and the Lumina was also seen as a more direct competitor to the [[Ford Taurus]] much more than the Celebrity was. Base engine was the 92 hp 2.5L (151 cid) I4, but most models had the more powerful 140 hp 3.1L (191 cid) V6. The I4 had a 3-speed automatic while the V6 had a 4-speed auto. Base and sportier Euro models were offered, and differed visually with the base model having a chrome eggcrate grille, while the Euro had a blacked-out grille. The Lumina was touted for being the only domestic intermediate car with a [[Chevrolet Corvette|Corvette]]-inspired fully-independent front and rear suspension and 4-wheel disc brakes, even on the base versions.

1991 models had a revised body-colored horizontally-slatted grille for both the base and Euros, but the big news this year was the introduction of the NASCAR-inspired '''Z34''' coupe. The Z34 had an all-new 210 hp DOHC 24-valve 3.4L (207 cid) V6, available with either a 5-speed manual or 4-speed automatic (in which hp dropped to 200). Visual differences included a unique grille, hood louvers, front air dam and rear spoiler, and special badging. Its main appeal was that it was a car that looked just at home on a NASCAR track as it did on the street.

In 1992, the Euro sedan could now have the Z34 V6 engine (called the '''Euro 3.4'''), but it was available only with the automatic. Lesser Euro and base models continued otherwise unchanged, other than ABS becoming standard on all models. All coupe models got the 3.1 V6 standard in 1993, while the base sedan got a new 2.2L (132 cid) I4 engine, replacing the 2.5. Euro, Euro 3.4 and Z34 models continued with no change other than new colors. For 1994, the base coupes were dropped, leaving only the Euro and Z34 coupes. The 4-cylinder engine was dropped altogether, as was the manual transmission in the Z34 coupe - it was now an automatic-only.

This generation Lumina was considered a bit of a trend-setter with its unique (for its class) independent suspension and the hot DOHC 3.4 V6 engine (the only Chevrolet model to receive this engine), but it also never offered an airbag, even as an option, when many other cars were by this time receiving passenger airbags in addition to the driver's. Its interior ergonomics were somewhat unconventional too, such as a dashboard that actually angled ''downward'' towards your lap, and power window switches that also worked against typical convention. These many quirks would be ironed out in the second generation Lumina, which debuted for 1995.
{{-}}

==2nd Generation (1995-2001)==
{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:01 Lumina.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Chevrolet Lumina'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Chevrolet]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1995-2001
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Intermediate
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4-Door Sedan
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 200.9"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 72.5"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 54.8"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 107.5"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 3300-3500 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-Speed Automatic, FWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 3.1L (191 cid) V6 (1995-2001)<br>3.4L (207 cid) V6 (1995-1997)<br>3.8L (231 cid) V6 (1998-1999)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 160-210 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Buick Century]] (1997-2001)<br>[[Buick Regal]]<br>[[Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1995-1996)<br>[[Oldsmobile Intrigue]] (1998-2001)<br>[[Pontiac Grand Prix]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| W
|}

The Lumina may have been the last of the W-bodies to arrive, but it was also the first to get a redesign. Lumina coupes resurrected the '''Monte Carlo''' nameplate, the first time that nameplate had been used since 1988 (see the separate [[Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Monte Carlo]] entry for information on that model). This generation Lumina sported dual airbags (the previous generation model didn't have any), revised interior ergonomics that fixed the quirks of the previous model... but as a tradeoff, it lost its independent suspension. There weren't any 4-cylinder engines in this model, its base engine was now a 160 hp 3.1L V6 (a 20 hp gain). The 210 hp DOHC 3.4 V6 remained optional, but a 4-speed automatic was the only transmission for both engines. The base models now had rear drum brakes, but models with the 3.4 V6 kept the 4-wheel discs. Dual-zone climate controls became an option in 1996. 1997 models gained daytime running lights, and a new sporty LTZ model, which could have either the 3.1 or the 3.4 engine. The [[Chevrolet Lumina APV|Lumina APV]], based on the previous Lumina, would be replaced by the [[Chevrolet Venture|Venture]]. And now that the [[Chevrolet Caprice|Caprice]] was gone, the Lumina was now Chevrolet's largest model.

In 1998, the DOHC 3.4 V6 was dropped (although the OHV 3.4 V6 (LA1) would continue in other GM models), replaced by a more conventional 200 hp 3.8L (231 cid) V6. The 3.1 V6 would continue, and the rest of the car continued with minimal change. In 1999, the 4-wheel disc brakes were discontinued, all models would revert to front disc/rear drums. For 2000, the 3.8 V6 was dropped (as was the LTZ model), and the 3.1 gained 15 hp to 175. The Monte Carlo was switched over to the [[Chevrolet Impala|Impala]] platform this year, and an all-new Impala sedan debuted which would eventually replace the Lumina. Since the Luminas were on their way out, they were left largely unchanged, and for 2001, they were available only to police, taxi and rental car fleets and not sold to the general public. The Impala would effectively replace the Lumina.

{{-}}

==Main Competitors==

*[[Dodge Dynasty]]/[[Dodge Intrepid|Intrepid]]
*[[Ford Taurus]]
*[[Honda Accord]]
*[[Mazda 626]]
*[[Mercury Sable]]
*[[Nissan Maxima]]
*[[Subaru Legacy]]
*[[Toyota Camry]]
*[[Volkswagen Passat]]

{{Chevrolet}}

[[Category:Discontinued Models]]

Chevrolet Cavalier

2010-06-04T07:23:33Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

'''[[Chevrolet]]''' introduced the all-new J-car '''Cavalier''' subcompact in April 1981 as an early 1982 model. After [[GM]]'s previous disastrous experiences with the subcompact [[Chevrolet Vega|Vega]] and [[Chevrolet Monza|Monza]] (OK, so the Monza wasn't ''quite'' the disaster the Vega was), GM sorely needed to redeem itself in the subcompact car market, and the Cavalier (and its other J-body corporate mates - the [[Buick Skyhawk]], [[Oldsmobile Firenza]] and [[Pontiac Sunbird|J2000]]) was the car that GM put their faith in to get them back on the proper track. Even [[Cadillac]] got its own J-car clone, the [[Cadillac Cimarron|Cimarron]], but that's one model that Cadillac is surely hoping is permamently erased from the buying public's memory. The Cavalier would last a total of 24 model years, but would only span 2 generations, undergoing only one redesign in 1995. The Cavalier would be succeeded by the all-new [[Chevrolet Cobalt|Cobalt]] in 2005, which was also the Cavalier's final year.

Here's a quick rundown on each generation:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | {{{Image}}}
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Chevrolet Cavalier'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Chevrolet]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1982-1994
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Subcompact
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 2-Door Coupe<br>2-Door Convertible<br>3-Door Hatchback<br>4-Door Sedan<br>5-Door Wagon
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 173.5" (1982-1987)<br>174.5" (1988-1994)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 66"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 52" (coupe, convertible)<br>54.2" (sedan, wagon)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 101.2"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 2300-2800 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-Speed Manual, FWD<br>5-Speed Manual, FWD<br>3-Speed Automatic, FWD<br>4-Speed Automatic, FWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 1.8L (110 cid) I4 (1982-1983)<br>2.0L (122 cid) I4 (1983-1989)<br>2.2L (134 cid) I4 (1990-1994)<br>2.8L (173 cid) V6 (1986-1989)<br>3.1L (191 cid) V6 (1990-1994)
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 88-140 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Buick Skyhawk]]<br>[[Cadillac Cimarron]]<br>[[Oldsmobile Firenza]]<br>[[Pontiac J2000]]/[[Pontiac Sunbird|Sunbird]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| J
|}

==1st Generation (1982-1994)==

The Cavalier debuts, replacing the departed Monza. It was completely different from its predecessor in that it was a front wheel drive design, much more modern, more space and fuel efficient and much more versatile than the Monza was. The basic structure was quite simple: a unibody design and the suspension consisted of MacPherson struts up front and a simple beam axle in the back on coil springs. Bodystyles consisted of a 3-door hatchback coupe (called '''Type-10'''), a 2-door notchback coupe and 4-door sedan, along with a 5-door station wagon. Its sole engine (at first) was an 88 hp 1.8L (110 cid) I4, with either a 4-speed manual or a 3-speed automatic transmission. Needless to say its performance was anything other than sedate, with 0-60 times well past 16 seconds, even more with the automatic. Despite an extended model year, Chevy managed to sell only 58,904 Cavaliers. Perhaps the public wasn't quite sure of what to make of the new Cavalier at first, plus Chevy's other subcompact, the ancient [[Chevrolet Chevette|Chevette]], was still selling quite well - which might have been another culprit in the Cavalier's inaugural low sales figure.

1983 saw no visual change, but it did have a new engine option, a slighly enlarged 2.0L (121 cid) I4 which was still rated at only 88 hp, but it had more usable torque than the 1.8 - plus a 5-speed manual debuted as an option (Chevrolet's first such transmission on an I4 since the 1976 Cosworth [[Chevrolet Vega|Vega]]) - the 4-speed was still available on the 1.8, and the 3-speed automatic was available on both engines. There was also a convertible added late in the model year, in which only 627 examples were sold. Despite a sluggish sales start last year, the 1983 Cavalier evidently clicked much better with buyers this year, as sales jumped to a total of 218,587.

1984 Cavaliers got a new nose with a blacked-out eggcrate grille, quad rectangular headlamps and turn signals in the bumper instead of beside the headlights as in last year. Dashboards were all new as well. The Type-10 package was now available on the 2-door notchback and convertible in addition to the 3-door hatchback. The 4-door sedans and 5-door wagons continued on, and the dreadfully slow 1.8L engine was gone - the 2.0L was now the only engine option, again available with either a 5-speed or automatic. Despite the larger [[Chevrolet Citation|Citation]] and smaller [[Chevrolet Chevette|Chevette]] now falling out of favor with buyers (or perhaps because of), the Cavalier managed to more than double its 1983's sales figures, with 462,611 examples sold, making it the new most popular car in America, and the best in Cavalier's history.

1985 models got a new taillight design and a new 2-spoke steering wheel, but little else changed other than the usual new color shuffling. 1986 models all got the required Center High Mounted Stop Lamp, and this year the big news was the addition of the sporty Cavalier '''Z24'''. The Z24 was available on the 2-door notch and 3-door hatch model only, and was shod with 60-series 14" Goodyear Eagle GT tires with alloy wheels, ground effects, and of course the 125 hp 2.8L (173 cid) V6 that was available in other Chevy models such as the [[Chevrolet Celebrity|Celebrity]] and [[Chevrolet Camaro|Camaro]], as well as the departed [[Chevrolet Citation|Citation]] X-11. Z24s also got a unique digital dashboard, while lesser Cavaliers still used the previous analog dash. Chevrolet marketers fancied the Z24 as the [[Chevrolet Corvette|Corvette]] and [[Chevrolet Camaro|Camaro]] Z28's feisty little kid brother. The Z24 was to have been introduced in 1985, but was delayed a year. The V6 was available with on lesser RS models also (and so-equipped models also got the digital dash), and had either a 4-speed manual or 3-speed automatic. 432,101 were sold this year, but the Cavalier was knocked down into second place as America's best selling car by its own larger [[Chevrolet Celebruty|Celebrity]] brother, which took the top spot this year.

1987s continued without much change - the 2.0L I4 got a slight power boost to 90 hp, and the Z24 could now have a 5-speed manual transmission - the 4-speed was gone. The 3-speed automatic was still available with either engine. Speaking of the Z24, it was now available as a convertible. All other bodystyles continued as before.

Now that the ancient [[Chevrolet Chevette|Chevette]] was mercifully retired in 1987, the 1988 Cavalier was now Chevrolet's smallest domestically-built car, and underwent its first major restyle since its introduction. Cavaliers got all-new sheetmetal which consisted of a new nose with a body-colored horizontal grille and composite headlamps. The 2-door coupe got a sleek new tail treatment with a semi-fastback rear roofline (largely emulating the design of GM's European [[Opel]]/[[Vauxhall]]'s subcompact line). Taillights were all new and larger on all but the wagons, which retained the same rear look as before. The 3-door hatch model was no more. The interior was updated with a new dashboard design as well. All drivetrain choices carried over. Z24s continued, and they all now had 2-tone paint treatments, new alloy rims, and twin hood blisters. 1989 models carried on virtually untouched after last year's makeover.

Now that the Buick and Oldsmobile J-cars were gone after 1989 (the Cadillac's was gone after 1988), the Cavalier and Pontiac Sunbird were now the 2 remaining survivors. There were a few detail changes to 1990 Cavaliers. First off, the 2.0L I4 gave way to a new 110 hp 2.2L (134 cid) I4, and the Z24's 2.8L V6 gave way to the new 140 hp 3.1L (191 cid) V6. Both engines were available with a 5-speed manual, and the Z24 now had an optional 4-speed automatic (the I4 still had a 3-speed unit). The Z24 convertible was dropped (temporarily), and all models received shoulder-mounted seat belts for the rear seats. In 1991, all models got a new front clip that eliminated the grille with a slightly canted-back body-colored panel. Base models were now known as '''VL''' (value leader) models, '''RS''' models were now the mid-grade, and the Z24 was still the top-of-the-line. Dashboards were all new, and now all models shared the same dash - no more digital units. Z24s could now have a single paint color, and all convertibles were now RS models. The Z24 convertible was reinstated for 1992, and anti-lock brakes were standard on all models - those were about the only noteworthy changes. 1993 models stood pretty much still, but 1994 I4 models got another 10 hp boost to 120 in 1994 and all models gained power door locks as standard. Even though the 1st gen Cavalier was finally in its last year, it still managed to sell a grand total of 254,426 examples - not bad for a 13-year-old design.

==Main Competitors==
*[[Acura Integra]]
*[[Dodge Colt]]
*[[Dodge Omni]]
*[[Dodge Shadow]]
*[[Eagle Summit]]
*[[Ford Escort]]
*[[Honda Civic]]
*[[Hyundai Excel]]
*[[Mazda 323]]/[[Mazda Protege|Protege]]
*[[Mercury Lynx]]/[[Mercury Tracer|Tracer]]
*[[Mitsubishi Mirage]]
*[[Nissan Sentra]]
*[[Plymouth Colt]]
*[[Plymouth Horizon]]
*[[Plymouth Sundance]]
*[[Subaru]] GL
*[[Toyota Corolla]]
*[[Volkswagen Rabbit]]/[[Volkswagen Golf|Golf]]

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:Chevroletavalier50.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Chevrolet Cavalier'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Chevrolet]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1995-2005
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Subcompact
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 2-Door Coupe<br>2-Door Convertible<br>4-Door Sedan
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 180.9"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 68.7"
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 53"
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 104.1"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 2500-2800 lbs
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 5-Speed Manual, FWD<br>4-Speed Automatic, FWD
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 2.2L (134 cid) I4<br>2.4L (138 cid) I4
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 120-150 hp
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Pontiac Sunfire]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| J
|}

==2nd Generation (1995-2005)==

The second Cavalier was wider and rode on a longer 104.1-inch wheelbase than the car it replaced, and was a bit longer overall. It was also roomier on the inside and far sleeker on the outside. But at its core it was very much the same car as before; still a simple front driver built around a simple unibody incorporating a MacPherson strut front suspension and a solid rear axle on coil springs in the back. The nose was still grille-less, and the 5-door wagon, convertible and V6 engine were now gone - a 2-door coupe and 4-door sedan would be the only bodystyles, although a convertible would return a year later. The previous 120 hp 2.2L I4 carried over from the previous generation and was the base engine in base '''LS''' models. The Z24 continued, but its sole engine was now an enlarged 150 hp DOHC 2.3L (138 cid) "Quad 4", and this was also optional on the LS. Z24s now had P205/55R16 Goodyear Eagle RS-A tires. A 5-speed manual or 4-speed automatic could be had with any engine. Dual airbags were now standard. 151,669 Cavaliers were sold in 1995.

Not many changes in 1996 other than standard Daytime Running Lamps and the convertible returning after a year's hiatus, available as either an LS or Z24. In 1996 the previous 2.3L "Quad 4" was replaced by the 2.4L. 1997s were pretty much a carryover as well, and the only real change in 1998 was that the LS convertible was dropped - all convertibles were now Z24s. Except for limited production of a "bi-fuel" Cavalier that ran on either gasoline or compressed natural gas, little changed for the line during 1999 either. 2000 models got a new updated dashboard with all-new sound systems, and the Z24 got a larger, more aggressive rear spoiler. The convertible would be gone for good in 2001, and for 2002, the base 2.2 and 2.4 I4 would be redesigned to GM's all-new Ecotec design, which changed the 2.2 from an OHV to an OHC design. Horsepower remained 120 on the 2.2, but the "Quad four" 2.4 would be dropped and replaced by the 140hp 2.2 DOHC Ecotec engine. A revised nose with a small horizontally-slatted grille and a new taillight panel that stretched all the way across the rear of the car were minor changes for 2003, and the Z24 would bid its final adieu this year - there were now base, LS and LS Sport (a quasi-replacement for the Z24). A "Sport Appearance Package" that looked just like the old Z24 was available on 2- and 4-door models was an addition for 2004, and could have either the 2.2 or 2.4 engine with either transmission. The "bi-fuel" option was quietly dropped for 2005 - that was about it for the Cavalier's swan song year, most of which were now relegated to fleet sales.

The Cavalier would be replaced by the [[Chevrolet Cobalt|Cobalt]], which was introduced in 2005.

==Main Competitors==
*[[Acura Integra]]/[[Acura RSX|RSX]]
*[[Dodge Neon]]
*[[Eagle Summit]]
*[[Ford Escort]]/[[Ford Focus|Focus]]
*[[Honda Civic]]
*[[Hyundai Accent]]
*[[Kia Sephia]]
*[[Mazda 323]]/[[Mazda Protege|Protege]]
*[[Mercury Tracer]]
*[[Mitsubishi Mirage]]
*[[Nissan Sentra]]
*[[Plymouth Neon]]
*[[Subaru Impreza]]
*[[Toyota Corolla]]
*[[Volkswagen Golf]]

==See Also==
{{Chevrolet}}

==External Links==
[[Category:Discontinued Models]]

Chevrolet TrailBlazer

2010-06-04T07:19:31Z

Lincolnfan2010:

[[Image:Trailblazerss.jpg|right|450px|thumb|'''The [[Chevrolet]] TrailBlazer SS''']]
The '''[[Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] TrailBlazer''' is a mid-size [[Sport utility vehicle|SUV]] from the [[Chevrolet]] division of [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]]. Introduced in 2002, the TrailBlazer won the ''North American Truck of the Year'' award. The TrailBlazer replaced the [[Chevrolet Blazer|Blazer]] as the company's mid-size SUV, though production of the 2-door Blazer overlapped with the new 4-door TrailBlazer for some years (the 4-door Blazer was only produced for fleet orders).

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Chevrolet TrailBlazer Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
*The 2007 TrailBlazer remains cosmetically unchanged from the previous year, with the exception of three new exterior color options. On the inside, some options have been made standard, including [[GM]]'s OnStar system.

*GM has recently decided to extend the current Trailblazer until at least the '09MY. The next generation 361 platform has been officially cancelled. It is felt that the next mid-sized GM SUV will be based off of the new Lamda platform being build at the new GM Delta Township Assy plant.

===Styles and Major Options===
The 2007 TrailBlazer comes available in three trims: the LS, LT, and SS. In addition, the LS and LT trims are available in either the standard size or an extended EXT body style with a longer wheelbase and 7-passenger third row seating. The LS and LT trims come equipped with a 4.2L 291[[hp]] [[I-6]] engine, and the SS is powered by a 6.0L 395[[hp]] [[V8]]. All models work with a 4-speed [[automatic transmission]] w/OD. Some of the standout features include:

'''LS'''
*EXT version available
*Available in [[2WD]] or [[4WD]]
*Bilstein shocks
*17" silver alloy wheels
[[image:2007_TrailBlazer_redonrocks.jpg|right|thumb|350px]]
*Premium cloth seating and leatherette door trim
*Dual zone manual front air conditioning
*6-speaker AM/FM/CD audio system
*Cruise control
*OnStar

'''LT'''

Adds to or replaces LS features with:
*EXT version available
*8-way power driver's seat
*Roof rack
*Dual zone front automatic climate control
*Separate rear air controls
*HomeLink Wireless Control System
*Exterior temperature, systems monitor, trip computer
*Rear defroster
*Security system

'''SS'''

Adds to or replaces LT features with:
*Limited slip differential
*Sport suspension
*20" polished alloy wheels
*8-way power heated front bucket seats
*Leather seating and leatherette door trim
*Power adjustable pedals

===Pricing===
Today's actual prices for the [[Chevrolet]] TrailBlazer can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/chevrolet/trailblazer/prices CarsDirect].

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=8>
'''TrailBlazer Trims'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
LS
<br>
[[2WD]]
</td>
<td>
LT
<br>
[[2WD]]
</td>
<td>
LTZ Package
SS w/1SS
<br>
[[2WD]]
</td>
<td>
SS w/3SS
<br>
[[2WD]]
</td>
<td>
LS
<br>
[[4WD]]
</td>
<td>
LT
<br>
[[4WD]]
</td>
<td>
SS w/1SS
<br>
[[4WD]]
</td>
<td>
SS w/3SS
<br>
[[4WD]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=8>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$24,845
</td>
<td>
$27,770
</td>
<td>
$31,120
</td>
<td>
$34,685
</td>
<td>
$27,140
</td>
<td>
$30,010
</td>
<td>
$33,420
</td>
<td>
$36,925
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=8>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$23,230
</td>
<td>
$25,964
</td>
<td>
$29,097
</td>
<td>
$32,430
</td>
<td>
$25,375
</td>
<td>
$28,059
</td>
<td>
$31,247
</td>
<td>
$34,524
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Gas Mileage===
As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=7>
'''Trim'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
4.2L [[I-6]]
<br>
[[2WD]] [[automatic transmission|auto]]
</td>
<td>
5.3L [[V8]]
<br>
[[2WD]] [[automatic transmission|auto]]
</td>
<td>
6.0L [[V8]]
<br>
[[2WD]] [[automatic transmission|auto]]
</td>
<td>
4.2L [[I-6]]
<br>
[[4WD]] [[automatic transmission|auto]]
</td>
<td>
5.3L [[V8]]
<br>
[[4WD]] [[automatic transmission|auto]]
</td>
<td>
6.0L [[V8]]
<br>
[[AWD]] [[automatic transmission|auto]]
</td>
<td>
5.3L [[V8]]
<br>
[[4WD]] [[automatic transmission|auto]]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=7 bgcolor=#cccccc>
'''MPG'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
16/22
</td>
<td>
16/22
</td>
<td>
15/19
</td>
<td>
15/21
</td>
<td>
15/21
</td>
<td>
14/17
</td>
<td>
16/20
</td>
</tr>
</table>

===Reliability===
In terms of long-term reliability, the 2004 TrailBlazer, which shares the same platform as the current model, received an overall Green rating from Automotive Information Systems. This rating is somewhat marred, however, by the fact that the Engine category in particular for this vehicle received a Yellow rating, indicating moderate problems in that area. In addition, Consumer Reports states that "Reliability has improved to average" for the 2007 model.

===Safety===
The TrailBlazer did fairly well in safety assessments made by the [http://www.safercar.gov NHTSA.] For driver front-impact and [[2WD]] rollover tests, it received 3-Star ratings, and for passenger front-impact and [[4WD]] rollover, it received 4-Star ratings. It achieved the best results in side-impact safety, for which it received the highest 5-Star rating. Some of the standard equipment found on all models of the TrailBlazer include:
*ABS and driveline [[traction control]]
*StabiliTrak [[electronic stability control]]
*Front and rear anti-roll bars
*Four wheel [[anti-lock brakes]]
*Driver/passenger front-impact [[airbag]]s
*Side impact bars

===Photos===
<gallery>
image:Chevrolet_TrailBlazer.jpg
</gallery>

===Colors===
Availability of colors will depend on trim, and a full list is viewable at [http://www.carsdirect.com/chevrolet/trailblazer/colors CarsDirect.com.] Some of the possible combinations include:
[[image:2007_TrailBlazer_silverright.jpg|right|350px|thumb]]
'''Exterior'''
*Black
*Doeskin Tan
*Graystone Metallic
*Red Jewel Tintcoat
*Silverstone Metallic
*Summit White
*Tangier Orange
*Woodland Green

'''Interior'''
*Ebony
*Light Cashmere/Ebony
*Light Gray

===Main Competitors===
*[[Honda Pilot]]
*[[Volkswagen Touareg]]
*[[Nissan Murano]]
*[[Ford Explorer]]
*[[Toyota Highlander]]
*[[Jeep Commander]]
*[[Mercury Mountaineer]]
*[[Kia Sorento]]

==Hybrid Models==
There are currently no [[hybrid]] models of the TrailBlazer in production.

==Unique Attributes==

==Resale Values==
According to [http://www.kbb.com Kelley Blue Book,] "when it comes to resale, the TrailBlazer does not hold its value as well as rivals from [[Toyota]] and [[Nissan]] but holds up better in projected 24-, 36-, 48 and 60- month residual than the [[Ford Explorer]]."

==Criticisms==
*"The rear end of the TrailBlazer still skips around on choppy pavement, and brake dive is pronounced." - Car and Driver
*"You may not like the TrailBlazer if you're looking for advanced airbag protection for the third-row passengers or if you tow heavy boats or trailers." - Kelley Blue Book
*"...two rubber-tipped tailgate stops... stick several inches into the tailgate opening." - USA Today

==Current Generation: (2002–2009)==
[[Image:450px-Trailblazer_at_kaena_point.jpg|thumb|125px|right|A Chevrolet TrailBlazer off road at Kaena Point in Oahu, Hawaii]]
This SUV is built on a truck platform, with all models having [[four-wheel drive]] as an option with both [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] engagement and the more traditional "4 High" and "4 Low" gearings. Four-wheel drive models have a unique front axle arrangement, as the front axle passes through a hole in the oil pan of the engine. This design allowed Chevrolet to build the Trailblazer and related vehicles with a lower ground clearance for improved on-road handling, although this contributes to limited off-road ability. The vehicle does, however, have enough ground clearance to allow certain off-road usage. Its main disadvantage is its increased width (as compared to a [[Suzuki Samurai]] or a [[Jeep Wrangler]]) and lack of suspension travel, causing it to ''high side'' when it encounters high-camber-variance terrain or large rocks. Additionally, it lacks either locking hubs or a [[limited slip differential]], though the latter is available as an option. The TrailBlazer was later discontinued in 2009.

==Engines==
* 2002-present [[GM Atlas engine#LL8|LL8]] 4.2 L (256 in³) [[I6]]
* 2003-present [[GM Vortec engine#5300|5300]] 5.3 L (323 in³) [[V8]]
* 2006-present [[GM LS2 engine#LS2|6000]] 6.0 L (364 in³) [[V8]]

==EXT==
One unique element of the TrailBlazer line was the availability of a 3-row 7-passenger EXT version. This vehicle is 16 in (406 mm) longer and has a higher roofline to allow easier access to the third row of seats. This roof is disguised by standard roof racks.

Production of the EXT model was handled by the Oklahoma City Assembly plant in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The last TrailBlazer EXT rolled off the assembly line on February 20, 2006, because GM had reportedly closed that plant, making 2006 the final year for the TrailBlazer EXT.

==SS==
[[Image:800px-2006_Chevrolet_TrailBlazer_SS.jpg|right|thumb|250px|2006 Chevrolet TrailBlazer SS]]
An SS model was introduced for 2006 with the [[Chevrolet Corvette]]'s ''[[GM LS engine#LS2|LS2]]'' [[V8]]. This new Trailblazer is equipped with a 6.0 L LS2 V8 with 395 [[HP|hp]] and 400 ft·lb of torque. It can accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in 5.8 sec (est), and can do the quarter mile in about 13.9 sec. at 100.0 mph (est).

==Future==
The next-generation TrailBlazer was to be built on an upgraded version of the current GMT360 platform called the GMT361. It was scheduled to be launched in Spring 2007, but in January 2006 GM decided to just refresh the current platform and call the vehicle a GMT360ng. In June 2006 GM announced that the GMT360ng program was also cancelled due to the large investment. The current Trailblazer/Envoy is slated to continue with only minor changes until at least the 2010MY.

Responding to criticism of rebadging, GM will only build the TrailBlazer and [[GMC Envoy]] SUVs off of this upgraded platform. Buick will instead get a GM Lambda platform-based [[crossover SUV]], while [[Saab]] will replace the [[Saab 9-7X|9-7X]] with the Theta-based [[Saab 9-4X|9-4X]].

However, the TrailBlazer, only with the Envoy, discontinued following the 2009 model year.

==Worldwide==
The Trailblazer is available in Russia and The Middle East.

==Design quirks and oddities==

==Awards==

==See also==
{{Chevrolet}}

==External links==
*[http://www.TBSSowners.com/ TBSSowners.com] Trailblazer SS Owners site/Forums
*[http://www.trailblazerss.com TrailBlazerSS.com] TrailBlazer SS Forums
*[http://www.TrailVoy.com/ TrailVoy.com]
*[http://dfw-tbss.com/ DFW-TBSS.com] Trailblazers SS Owners of Dallas / Ft. Worth
*[http://jalopnik.com/5059310/trailblazer-envoy-9+7x-death-date-accelerated-to-december-23 Trailblazer, Envoy, 9-7X Death Date Accelerated To December 23 2008]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevrolet_TrailBlazer Chevrolet TrailBlazer], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chevrolet_TrailBlazer&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Discontinued Models]]
[[Category:All Wheel Drive Vehicles]]
[[Category:Chevrolet Vehicles|TrailBlazer]]
[[Category:Rear Wheel Drive Vehicles]]
[[Category:SUVs]]
[[Category:2000s Automobiles]]

Cadillac XLR

2010-06-04T07:11:04Z

Lincolnfan2010: /* External Links */

[[Image:2009cadillac-xlr.jpg|right|550px|Cadillac XLR]]
The '''XLR''' is a [[Luxury Cars|luxury]] roadster sold by [[Cadillac]] and is assembled in Bowling Green, Kentucky. It is based on the same Y-body platform as the [[Chevrolet Corvette]]. The XLR uses the [[Cadillac]] Northstar engine rather than the [[GM LS2 engine]] found in the [[Chevrolet Corvette|Corvette]]. The XLR also has its own unique styling, interior, and suspension, and has a power-retractable aluminum hardtop. The engine is [[Cadillac]]'s 4.6 L Northstar tuned for 320 [[HP|hp]], and operates with a 5-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] transmission.

Cadillac introduced the XLR at the 2003 Detroit Motor Show, and it entered production in the 2004 model year. Prior to production the XLR appeared as the Evoq in auto shows. It has a base price of $76,650. Sales have been below expectations. Rather than reaching 6,000 per year, [[Cadillac]] had sold just 4,745 in 18 months as of March 2005. 3730 were sold in the United States in all of 2005.

Designed for both performance and luxury, the XLR comes with heated and cooled leather seats, wood interior trim, 18 in alloy wheels, and [[Side Airbags|side airbags]]. [[Navigation System|Navigation]], audio, and DVD are all displayed via a 7-inch dashboard screen, and [[Remote Keyless Entry|Remote Keyless Access]] is included. All of these features are standard. The dashboard screen also allows Internet access.

The XLR is the second roadster offered by [[Cadillac]] in recent years. The first was the [[Cadillac Allanté]], produced from 1987 to 1993.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Cadillac XLR Review]]'''.

===Recent Changes===
*For 2009, the XLR receives it's first mid-cycle facelift.[http://www.worldcarfans.com/9080606.017/2009-cadillac-xlr-facelift-revealed]

===Styles and Major Options===
Engine:
* 2004 [[Cadillac Northstar engine|Northstar]] 4.6 L (280 in³) [[V8]]

====XLR-V====
Cadillac gave the public its first glimpse of the upcoming [[Supercharged Engine|supercharged]] '''XLR-V''' in its Super Bowl commercial, which aired February 6, 2005. MVP Deion Branch was also awarded an XLR. The car was formally introduced at the 2005 New York International Auto Show.
[[Image:800px-IMG_4936.jpg|right|thumb|200px|XLR-V]]
The XLR-V uses the same [[supercharged]] ''Northstar]]'' [[V8]] as the [[Cadillac STS|STS-V]], though output is down somewhat. For the XLR-V, the engine is certified by the SAE to produce 443 [[HP|hp]] (330 kW) and 414 ft·lbf (561 N·m). The [[Supercharged Engine|supercharger]] and four [[intercooler]]s are built into the intake manifold. A six-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic transmission]], larger brakes from the Z51 Corvette, and 19-inch wheels will also be used.

The XLR-V can accelerate to 60 mph in 4.7 seconds according to ''Car and Driver'''s tests. The magazine also timed it at 11.3 seconds to 100 mph and recorded a 13.0 second quarter mile at 110 mph (177 km/h). Its top speed is limited to 155 mph (249 km/h).

The XLR-V was introduced in the United States in early 2006. Upon its release, the XLR-V was the fastest production vehicle ever built by [[Cadillac]].

===Pricing===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MODEL Trims'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''MSRP''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#fff; background:#811b33; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |''Invoice''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $Price3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $Price4
|}

===Gas Mileage===
''Add more fields as necessary.''

As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Trim'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim1
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Trim3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Trim4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#cccccc; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''MPG'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | c/h
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;"| c/h
|}

===Engine and Transmission===
Specifications, details, graphs, pictures and other information regarding the powertrain is placed in this section.

===Performance===
Please make sure to '''''write information of the vehicle's performance in a third-person point of view'''''. This section should include information about the car's '''acceleration figures''', '''handling''', '''braking''', etc.

If using information gathered from Road Test articles from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

===Reliability===
Warranty options and scheduled maintainence information should be mentioned here.

===Safety===
This section should reference points on safety ratings and features of the vehicle.

===Photos===

<gallery>
Image:Cadillac-0015.jpg
Image:2006-Cadillac-XLR-V.jpg
Image:2000-2008-cadillac-16.jpg
Image:8-cadillac-xlr-sts-dts-platinum.jpg
Image:Caddy plat 06.jpg
Image:Cadillac XLR.jpg
Image:04xlr 04.jpg
Image:La xlr 1.jpg
Image:2006 Cadillac XLR Star Black Limited Edition 1024x768 05.jpg
Image:2006 Cadillac XLRV 1024x768 1e.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main ext 14.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main ext 15.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main ext 16.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main ext 04.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main ext 06.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main ext 20.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main ext 23.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main int 01.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main int 02.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main int 03.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main int 04.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main int 05.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main int 06.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main int 08.jpg
Image:Cadi xlr gall main int 09.jpg
</gallery>

Add ''Photos'' of the [[automobile|vehicle]] here.

'''''Please make sure not to use copyrighted photos.'''''

===Colors===
List the colors that the particular <MODEL> is offered in.

===Main Competitors===
Create links to other <MAKE> <MODEL> pages in this section.

==Hybrid Models==
If there are [[Hybrid Cars|hybrid]] versions of this vehicle manufactured, then please elaborate a little bit on it here.

==Unique Attributes==
If there are any features of this [[automobile|vehicle]] that sets it apart from other [[automobile|vehicles]] in its class, then mention those ''unique attributes'' here.

==Interior==
This section should include information on the interior's ''design'', ''build quality'', ''ergonomics'', ''space (head and legroom, front and rear)'', ''features'', ''stowage compartments'' and ''overall comfortability'' and ''livability''. Add pictures wherever applicable and '''''keep information in a third-person point of view'''''.

==Resale Values==
''Add more fields as necessary.''

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:center; margin:0 0em 1em; width:collapse; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:85%; line-height:2.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''<MODEL> Year'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-2
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | Year X-3
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | Year X-4
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0;"
|- style="color:#000000; background:#9e9784; font-size:larger; font-style:bold; text-align:left;"
! colspan=4 |'''Resale Value'''
|-
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#ddb;" | $
! style="text-align:left; font-weight:large; background:#f4f4da;" | $
|}

==Criticisms==
Please make sure to '''''keep critiques in a third-person point of view'''''. If using criticisms from a reputable automotive source, then '''''please make sure to cite the quote'''''.

==Generations==
Fill in as many as appropriate. Add more if necessary and pictures wherever applicable.

'''''Please make sure NOT to use copyrighted pictures'''''.

==Current Generation: (YYYY–present)==

==Worldwide==
If the [[automobile|vehicle]] is sold in other markets worldwide, then this is the section to mention that information. Also, mention if the <MODEL> goes by another name in these other markets.

==Design quirks and oddities==
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the [[Automobile|vehicle]] in this section.

==Awards==
* The XLR was nominated for the ''North American Car of the Year'' award for 2004.

==In other Media==
The XLR was featured as a car in Project Gotham Racing 2 video game, for XBOX. For some reason, it was featured in the Sport Coupe class. It's stats were 5 in speed acceleration and power sliding, and 4 in handling.

==See also==
{{Cadillac}}

==External Links==
*[http://www.caddyedge.com/ the Caddy Edge]
*[http://www.V-Series.com V-Series.com]
*[http://www.xlrforum.com/ XLR Forum]
*[http://www.caddyinfo.com/ Caddyinfo.com Cadillac Discussion and Technical Information]
*[http://www.best-cartuning.com/Cadillac/index.php Cadillac Luxury Tuning]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2008/06/06/2009-cadillac-xlr-refreshed-coming-in-july/ 2009 Cadillac XLR refreshed, coming in July]

This page uses content from Wikipedia; see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_XLR Cadillac XLR], which includes these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cadillac_XLR&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Discontinued Models]]
[[Category:Cadillac vehicles|XLR]]
[[Category:Bowling Green, Kentucky]]
[[Category:Luxury vehicles]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Pages with the First Anniversary Infobox Upgrade]]

Template:Cadillac

2010-06-04T07:10:28Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{{Automotive navigational box |
|Image = [[Image:07cadillacdts2.jpg|160px]]
|Marque = [[Cadillac|CADILLAC]]
|1 = {{General Motors}}
|Body = '''Current'''

<small>UDSM:</small> [[Cadillac CTS|CTS]] · [[Cadillac STS|STS]] · [[Cadillac DTS|DTS]] · [[Cadillac SRX|SRX]] · [[Cadillac Escalade|Escalade]] · [[Cadillac Escalade Hybrid|Escalade Hybrid]]

<small>(Europe/Asia):</small> [[Cadillac SLS|SLS]](Asia only) · [[Cadillac STS|STS]](Europe Only) · [[Cadillac CTS|CTS]] · [[Cadillac SRX|SRX]] · [[Cadillac Escalade|Escalade]]

'''V-Series'''

<small></small>[[Cadillac CTS-V|CTS-V]] · [[Cadillac STS-V|STS-V]] · [[Cadillac XLR-V|XLR-V]]

'''Historic'''

<small></small>[[Cadillac XLR|XLR]] · [[Cadillac BLS|BLS]](Europe only) · [[Cadillac Deville|Deville]] · [[Cadillac Seville|Seville]] · [[Cadillac Cimarron|Cimarron]] · [[Cadillac Eldorado|Eldorado]] · [[Cadillac Fleetwood|Fleetwood]] · [[Cadillac V16|V16]] · [[Cadillac Type 57|Type 57]] · [[Cadillac Brougham|Brougham]] · [[Cadillac Series 60|Series 60]] · [[Cadillac Series 75|Series 75]] · [[Cadillac Sixty Special|Sixty Special]] · [[Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham|Fleetwood Brougham]] · [[Cadillac Catera|Catera]] · [[Cadillac Model A|Model A]] · [[Cadillac Allanté|Allanté]] · [[Cadillac Model Thirty|Model 30]] · [[Cadillac Eldorado Brougham|Eldorado Brougham]] · [[Cadillac Seville Elegante|Seville Elegante]] · [[Cadillac Calais|Calais]] · [[Cadillac Series 62|Series 62]] · [[Cadillac Eldorado Seville|Eldorado Seville]] · [[Cadillac Model B|Model B]] · [[Cadillac Model F|Model F]] · [[Cadillac Series 341|Series 341]] · [[Cadillac Series 70|Series 70]] · [[Cadillac Series 61|Series 61]] · [[Cadillac Series 355|Series 355 · 355-A]] · [[Cadillac Series 63|Series 63]] · [[Cadillac Type 59|Type 59]] · [[Cadillac Type 61|Type 61]] · [[Cadillac Type V-63|Type V-63]] · [[Cadillac Series 314|Series 314]] · [[Cadillac Castilian Station Wagon|Castilian]] · [[Cadillac Fleetwood Eldorado|Fleetwood Eldorado]] · [[Cadillac Series 67|Series 67]] · [[Cadillac Series 90|Series 90]] · [[Cadillac Series 72|Series 72]] · [[Cadillac Series 65|Series 65]] · [[Cadillac Series 85|Series 85]] · · · ·

'''Concept'''

<small></small> [[Cadillac EcoJet|EcoJet]] · [[Cadillac Sixteen|Sixteen]] · [[Cadillac Cien|Cien]] · [[Cadillac Evoq|Evoq]] · [[Cadillac Vizon|Vizon]] · [[Cadillac Cyclone|Cyclone]] · [[Cadillac Le Mans|Le Mans]] · [[Cadillac Orleans|Orleans]] · [[Cadillac V16 Aero Coupe|V16 Aero Coupe]] · [[Cadillac Caribbean|Caribbean]] · [[Cadillac Coupe de Ville Concept|Coupe de Ville]] · [[Cadillac El Rancho|El Rancho]] · [[Cadillac Embassy|Embassy]] · [[Cadillac Debutante|Debutante]] · [[Cadillac Bill Boyer Custom Roadster|Bill Boyer Custom Roadster]] · [[Cadillac Eldorado Concept|Eldorado Concept]] · [[Cadillac Townsman|Townsman]] · [[Cadillac El Camino|El Camino]] · [[Cadillac La Espada|La Espada]] · [[Cadillac Park Avenue|Park Avenue]] · [[Cadillac Celebrity|Celebrity]] · [[Cadillac XP-38 Eldorado Brougham|XP-38 Eldorado Brougham]] · [[Cadillac La Salle II|La Salle II]] · [[Cadillac Eldorado St. Moritz|Eldorado St. Moritz]] · [[Cadillac Westchester|Westchester]] · [[Cadillac Castilian|Castilian]] · [[Cadillac Gala|Gala]] · [[Cadillac Maharani|Maharani]] · [[Cadillac Palomino|Palomino]] · [[Cadillac Eldorado Brougham (1956)|Eldorado Brougham (1956)]] · [[Cadillac Eldorado Brougham Town Car|Eldorado Brougham Town Car]] · [[Cadillac Director|Director]] · [[Cadillac Rain Car|"Rain Car"]] · [[Cadillac Eldorado Seville Concept|Eldorado Seville]] · [[Cadillac Phaeton|Phaeton]] · [[Cadillac Florentine|Florentine]] · [[Cadillac Aurora|Aurora]] · [[Cadillac CART-PPG|CART-PPG]] · [[Cadillac Voyage|Voyage]] · [[Cadillac Solitaire|Solitaire]] · [[Cadillac Imaj|Imaj]] · [[Cadillac Eldorado Brougham "Jacqueline"|Eldorado Brougham Jacqueline]] · [[Cadillac Starlight|Starlight]] · [[Cadillac Ghia Coupe|Ghia Coupe]] · [[Cadillac Osceola|Osceola]] · [[Cadillac Provoq Concept|Provoq Concept]] · [[Cadillac CTS Coupe Concept|CTS Coupe Concept]] · [[Cadillac Converj Concept|Converj Concept]] · [[Cadillac XTS Platinum Concept|XTS Platinum Concept]]

'''Racing'''

<small></small> [[Cadillac Northstar LMP|Northstar LMP]]

|Notables = [[Cadillac V-Series]] · [[Cadillac One]]
|edit = Template:Cadillac
|Founder/s = [[William Murphy]] and [[Lemuel Bowen]]
|Corporate website = [http://www.cadillac.com Corporate website]
|Parent =''[[GM|A division of General Motors]]''
}}
<noinclude>
[[Category:Automotive navigational boxes|{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]
</noinclude>

Template:List Of Mercury Models

2010-06-04T07:06:53Z

Lincolnfan2010:

__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__
{| align="left" width="180px" style="float:right; border:1px #8597ab solid; background:#f5faff; margin:0px 0px 20px 20px;text-align:left;"
|-
| style="padding: 10px 5px 5px 5px;background:#ffffff;border-bottom:1px #8597ab solid;" align="center"|
<h2 style="margin:4;background:#f5faff;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #8597ab; text-align:left;color:#000;padding-left:0.4em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.2em;">Search By Model</h2>
[[Image:Mercury_logo.png|170px]]
|-
|align="center" style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 0px;"|<font color="navy">'''{{Current Year}} Current Models'''</font>
|-
| style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 5px; border-top:1px #8597ab solid;" | '''Mid-Size Luxury Car'''
|-
|style="padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;"|[[Mercury Milan|Milan]]
|-
| style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 5px; border-top:1px #8597ab solid;" | '''Large Luxury Cars'''
|-
|style="padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;"|[[Mercury Grand Marquis|Grand Marquis]]
|-
| style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 5px; border-top:1px #8597ab solid;" | '''Luxury Compact SUV'''
|-
|style="padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;"|[[Mercury Mariner|Mariner]]
|-
| style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 5px; border-top:1px #8597ab solid;" colspan="2" | '''Mid-Size Luxury SUV'''
|-
|style="padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;"|[[Mercury Mountaineer|Mountaineer]]
|-
| style="padding: 10px 0px 0px 5px; border-top:1px #8597ab solid;" colspan="2" | '''Hybrid Car'''
|-
|style="padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;"|[[Mercury Mariner Hybrid|Mariner Hybrid]]
|-
|}

Mercury Milan

2010-06-04T07:04:34Z

Lincolnfan2010:

Mercury Grand Marquis

2010-06-04T07:02:31Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{| border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4 style="float:right; margin:0 0 .5em 1em; width:250px; background:#fff; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #999; font-size:83%; line-height:1.5; " summary="Infobox Automobile"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0;"
| colspan=2 style="padding:0; background:#996; color:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;" | [[Image:08 Mercury Grand Marquis2008.jpg|300px]]
|- style="color:#fff; background:#996; font-size:larger;"
! colspan=2 | '''Mercury Grand Marquis'''
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center; font-weight:normal; background:#ddb;" | [[Mercury]]
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| MSRP Range
| $26,105 - $36,070
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Production
| 1975-2010
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Class
| Full-Size Luxury [[Sedan]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Body Style
| 4-Door Sedan
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Length
| 212.0 in.
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Width
| 84.5 in.
|- style="vertical-align:top;
| Height
| 58.3 in.
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Wheelbase
| 114.7 in.
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Weight
| 4,118-4,137 lbs.
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Transmission
| 4-speed Automatic
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Engine
| 4.6L [[Ford Modular engine#4.6|Modular V8]] [[SOHC]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Power
| 224 [[hp]] @ 4800 RPM <br> 275 lb-ft @ 4000 RPM <br> 239 [[hp]] @ 4700 RPM <br> 287 lb-ft @ 4100 RPM
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| Similar
| [[Cadillac DTS]] <br> [[Lincoln Town Car]] <br> [[Buick Lucerne]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; background:#f0f0f0;"
| Platform
| Mercury Panther Platform
|}

The '''Mercury Grand Marquis''' is a Full-Size Rear-Wheel Drive Luxury [[Sedan]] made by [[Mercury]] and manufactured at the St. Thomas Assembly Plant in Canada. It was also built in St. Louis, Missouri until 1985.
The Grand Marquis is still the sales leader in its class. The Grand Marquis is almost never used in fleets unlike its counterpart the [[Ford Crown Victoria]] which as of 2008 is only sold to fleets. The Grand Marquis is also the only vehicle sold in Canada that still wears a Mercury Badge. The Grand Marquis is also Mercury's best selling vehicle ever, with over 4 Million sold since 1975. The Grand Marquis will cease production along with the Mercury brand after the 2010 model year.

See Wikicars' comprehensive '''[[Mercury Grand Marquis Review]]'''.

===Overview===
The Grand Marquis is essentially a luxurious version of the [[Ford Crown Victoria]]. It comes in two trim levels; GS and LS. The trim level can be identified by the fifth, sixth and seventh digits in the VIN. A Grand Marquis GS is represented by "M74", while a Grand Marquis LS Premium is represented by "M75".

The Grand Marquis shares the same "Panther" platform as the Ford Crown Victoria, [[Lincoln Town Car]] and the former [[Mercury Marauder]]. The Town Car will soon share the same manufacturing plant with the Grand Marquis and Crown Victoria when Ford's Wixom factory is closed. Current models are powered by Ford's 4.6L SOHC V8 engine, which produces 224 hp, (239 hp with handling/dual exhaust package). The only exception for power output was the Mercury Marauder, the Grand Marquis' high performance cousin which was powered by a DOHC version of the 4.6L engine and produced 302 hp (224 kW).

Power is carried to the rear end by a four-speed electronically-controlled, wide-ratio automatic transmission. This transmission is known as the 4R70W, and is the successor to Ford's AOD and AODE transmissions of the early 1990s.

Mercury has always been marketed as a step-up from the Ford brand and has historically been more performance and luxury oriented. There are indications of that in the Grand Marquis. Properly equipped, the large sedan can be both a comfortable semi-luxury sedan while still offering adequate performance.

The Grand Marquis remains quite affordable, priced well below similarly well-equipped entry-level luxury sedans. Prices for the Grand Marquis range from $26,105 for the GS to $28,995 for the LS Premium.

==Recent Changes==
For 2008, Mercury added a standard tire pressure monitoring system on the GS and LS Premium. In addition, outside temperature display is now standard on the LS. New optional equipment for the GS includes a Comfort Appearance Package that includes leather trim seats, a power driver seat and 17-inch painted aluminum wheels. For 2008 the GS also has an optional Confidence Package with heated mirrors, fog lamps, and traction control. The LS now offers the Travel Package with CD and cassette player and conventional spare tire as optional.

==Styles and Major Options==
[[Image:2008.Mercury.Grand Marquis interior2.jpg|thumb|350px|The 2009 Mercury Grand Marquis Interior.]]
[[Image:2008.mercury.marquis rear1.jpg|thumb|350px|2009 Mercury Grand Marquis LS Premium.]]

The Grand Marquis is available in GS and LS trims.

'''GS Standard Features'''
* AM/FM Single CD Stereo
* Remote Keyless Entry
* Cloth seats with 8 way power driver's seat
* Power mirrors
* 17" Steel Wheels with Chrome Covers
* Traction Control

'''LS Premium Standard Features'''<br>
''In addition to or in place of GS Features''
* Power Adjustable Pedals
* Overhead Console with Compass, Map Lights and Universal Garage Door Opener
* Pinstripes
* Fog Lamps
* Rear seat reading lights
* Electrochromic Rearview Mirror
* Leather Seats with Upgraded rear bench
* Power Heated mirrors
* Leather Wrapped Steering wheel
* 17" Painted alloy wheels

'''Major Optional Features'''
* Wood/Leather Steering Wheel/w/ Audio Controls
* Power Moonroof
* AM/FM 6-disc in-dash CD changer
* Fog Lamps on GS Model
* Driver and Front Passenger 8-Way Power Seats
* 17" Chrome Wheels

==Pricing==
Today's actual prices for the [[Mercury]] Grand Marquis can be found at [http://www.carsdirect.com/research/model-year?make=ME&modelid=174&year=2007 CarsDirect].

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=3>
'''Grand Marquis Trims'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
GS
</td>
<td>
LS Premium
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''MSRP''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$26,105
</td>
<td>
$28,995
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td colspan=4>
''Invoice''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
$23,594
</td>
<td>
$26,254
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Gas Mileage==
As seen on the [http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacar.htm FuelEconomy.gov] website, the City/Highway MPG averages are as follows:

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=2>
'''Fuel Type'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
Gasoline
</td>
<td>
E85 Ethanol
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=2 bgcolor=#cccccc>
'''MPG'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc>
<td>
15/23
</td>
<td>
11/16
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Reliability==
The Grand Marquis is known to have good reliability, according to the Consumer Union.

==Safety==
'''Standard Safety Features'''
* Traction Control
* Driver and Front Passenger Airbags
* Front Seatbelt Pretensioners
* 4-wheel [[ABS]]
* Laminated Side Glass

The NHTSA has conducted crash tests of the 2007 Grand Marquis. Its full scores are available at [http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/NCAP/Cars/3889.html safercar.gov].

<table border=1 tablecolor=#000000 bordercolor=#000008>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=6>
'''Rating (Stars)'''
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#cccccc>
<td colspan=2>
Front
</td>
<td colspan=2>
Side
</td>
<td colspan=2>
Rollover
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#66ccff>
<td>
Driver
</td>
<td>
Passenger
</td>
<td>
Front Seat
</td>
<td>
Rear Seat
</td>
<td>
2WD
</td>
<td>
4WD
</td>
</tr>
<tr bgcolor=#ffffcc align=center>
<td>
5
</td>
<td>
5
</td>
<td>
4
</td>
<td>
5
</td>
<td>
5
</td>
<td align=center>
-
</td>
</tr>
</table>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Image:08 Grand Marquis.jpg|2008 Grand Marquis LS
Image:08 Grand Marquis2.jpg|2008 Grand Marquis LS
Image:08 Marquis Front.jpg|2008 Grand Marquis LS
Image:08 Marquis Side.jpg|2008 Grand Marquis LS
Image:08 Grand-Marquis is Norsea Blue1.jpg|2008 Grand Marquis
Image:2007GrandMarquisRearQuarter.jpg|2007 Grand Marquis
Image:2007GrandMarquisAluminumDash.jpg|2007 Grand Marquis Palm Beach Edition
Image:2007GrandMarquisInterior.jpg|The Grand Marquis' interior is simply elegant and luxurious.
Image:07 Marquis GS Interior.jpg|2007 Mercury Grand Marquis GS Interior
Image:2005GrandMarquisDash.jpg|2007 Grand Marquis LS Ultimate Interior.
Image:07 Marquis.jpg|2007 Grand Marquis
Image:07 Marquis Rear.jpg|2007 Grand Marquis
Image:2008 Mercury Grand Marquis.jpg|2008 Grand Marquis
Image:97 Marquis.jpg|1997 Grand Marquis
Image:2005 Grand Marquis GS Limited.jpg|2005 Grand Marquis GS with Two Tone Package and Hood Ornament
Image:2007GrandMarquisFrontQuarter.jpg|2007 Grand Marquis
Image:03 Marquis Rear.jpg|2003 Mercury Grand Marquis
Image:08 Marquis Wheel1.jpg|17" Chrome Wheel Covers
Image:08 Marquis Wheel2.jpg|17" 14-spoke Painted-aluminum Wheels
Image:08 Marquis Wheel3.jpg|17" 18-spoke Chromed-aluminum Wheels

</gallery>

==Colors==

<div style="border-color: rgb(102, 102, 102); position: relative; padding-bottom: 0px;" >
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td height="20" width="145">'''Exterior Colors'''</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td height="20" width="145">Smokestone</td>
<td bgcolor="#cbc8bf" width="73"> </td>

<td height="20" width="145">Dark Toreador Red</td>
<td bgcolor="#481615" width="73"> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#0000FF">
<tr bordercolor="#FFFFFF">
<td width="145">Silver Birch</td>
<td width="73" bgcolor="#b1adaa"> </td>

<td width="145">Norsea Blue</td>
<td width="73" bgcolor="#393e51"> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td height="20" width="145">Light Ice Blue</td>
<td bgcolor="#abbabf" width="73"> </td>

<td height="20" width="145">Driftwood Gray</td>
<td bgcolor="#787775" width="73"> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td height="20" width="145">Black</td>
<td bgcolor="#0c0c0c" width="73"> </td>

<td height="20" width="145">Vibrant White</td>
<td bgcolor="#f4f4f4" width="73"> </td>
</tr>
</table>

<table border="1">
<tr>
<td height="20" width="222">'''Two-Tone Colors'''</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td height="20" width="222">Silver Birch/Driftwood Gray</td>
<td bgcolor="#b1adaa" width="34"> </td>
<td bgcolor="#787775" width="34"> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td height="20" width="222">Black/Driftwood Gray</td>
<td bgcolor="#0c0c0c" width="34"> </td>
<td bgcolor="#787775" width="34"> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td height="20" width="222">Vibrant White/Smokestone</td>
<td bgcolor="#f4f4f4" width="34"> </td>
<td bgcolor="#cbc8bf" width="34"> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td height="20" width="222">Vibrant White/Silver Birch</td>
<td bgcolor="#f4f4f4" width="34"> </td>
<td bgcolor="#b1adaa" width="34"> </td>
</tr>
</table>

<div style="border-color: rgb(102, 102, 102); position: relative; padding-bottom: 0px;" >
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td height="20" width="145">'''Interior Colors'''</td>
<td bgcolor="#ffffff" width="73">'''Cloth'''</td>
<td height="20" width="73">'''Leather'''</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#0000FF">
<tr bordercolor="#FFFFFF">
<td width="145">Camel</td>
<td width="73" bgcolor="#ae9b8c"> </td>
<td width="73" bgcolor="#d6c9b8"> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td height="20" width="145">Dark Charcoal</td>
<td bgcolor="#2f2f2f" width="73"> </td>
<td bgcolor="#565656" width="73"> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td height="20" width="145">Medium Light Stone</td>
<td bgcolor="#b0aca9" width="73"> </td>
<td bgcolor="#b7b3b0" width="73"> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="1">

==Main Competitors==
* [[Buick Lucerne]]
* [[Chrysler 300]]
* [[Toyota Avalon]]
* [[Nissan Maxima]]

==Warranty==
'''Bumper to Bumper''': 36 months/36,000 miles

'''Major Components''': 60 months/60,000 miles

'''Rust Through''': 60 months/unlimited miles

'''Roadside Assistance''': 60 months/60,000 miles

==Hybrid Models==
* The Grand Marquis has never been offered as a hybrid model.

==Unique Attributes==
* Chrome Waterfall Grille.
* Still using the 1979 Panther Platform.

==Resale Values==
http://www.kbb.com/KBB/UsedCars/Mercury_Grand%20Marquis_Sedan.aspx

==What's Best About Grand Marquis==

* "The Grand Marquis offers almost all the comfort and convenience of the Lincoln Town Car, and it's priced lower than many luxury mid-size cars." — New Car Test Drive

* "You can sleep better at night knowing that the Grand Marquis scores well in National Highway Traffic Safety Administration crash tests; it earned a perfect five stars in frontal impact testing and four stars in side-impact testing." — Edmunds.com

==Criticisms==
* Some say Grand Marquis is old and worn out because it is being built on the same Panther Platform is was being built on in 1979.
* Grand Marquis has not had a "full" redesign since 1992 just major refreshes every 2 to 3 years.

==Fourth Generation 2003-Present==
[[Image:05 Grand Marquis1.jpg|right|2003 Grand Marquis|thumb|300px]]
'''2003''': The '''Grand Marquis''' received a facelift and new rear fascia, along with refreshed interior door panels (including door handles and power window/power lock control switches) and an optional overhead console (standard on the LS Series). However the real changes were under the skin, with the second generation of the Panther platform. An all-new hydroformed frame was engineered, rack and pinion steering replaced the old recirculating ball system, and the front and rear suspension, as well as the brakes, were redesigned. An engine knock sensor was made standard along with a six-quart (5.7 L) oil pan (20% larger than the 2002 model). The wheels were redesigned with a high positive offset. A quiet EBD brake booster with a mechanical panic assist system was added. Other changes included an intake manifold with aluminum water crossover and an electronic returnless fuel system. Side airbags were also made available and a dual media (cassette/CD) player made standard. More minor changes included a redesigned engine cover with a chrome V8 logo, the oil fill was moved to the passenger valve cover and the power steering fluid reservoir moved to the radiator surround (previously on the front of the engine). A shoulder belt was put into place for the rear middle passenger and a valet key was made standard.<ref name="Liquid's Model Year Changes" />

'''2004''': No major changes were made. The option/standard list was modified.

[[Image:Mercury-GrandMarquis1.jpg|300px|thumb|right|2006 Grand Marquis]]
'''2005''': A number of changes were made for the 2005 model year. An electronic throttle control system was put in place, moving the cruise control function to the main computer. Occupant weight sensors were added, which could disable the passenger airbag. Other changes included two new front crash severity sensors, a new steering column and two-spoke steering wheel and the addition of a mast antenna on the right rear fender. Interior changes included new wood trim, chrome interior door release handles and an Audiophile 6 disc in-dash CD changer (optional on the LS Series), The LSE trim was added mid year. The steering wheel lock feature was eliminated.<ref name="Liquid's Model Year Changes" />

[[Image:08 Grand Marquis Blue.jpg|300px|thumb|right|2008 Grand Marquis]]
'''2006''': For 2006, the front end was refreshed. This included a new, rectangular grille, bearing a likeness to the 1980s models. Fog lights were now an option. Interior changes included a new steering wheel and dash layout, as well as a new instrument cluster, which featured the addition of a tachometer and digital odometer/tripmeter. The mast antenna on the right rear fender was integrated back into the rear window and new wheel designs were made available. This was the first year for the 4R75E transmission.<ref name="Liquid's Model Year Changes" />

'''2007''': For 2007 the Palm Beach package was added which includes a leather-wrapped steering wheel, heated exterior mirrors with chrome fronts, cashmere leather seats with embroidered "Palm Beach" logos, side impact air bags, unique satin applique on the instrument panel and door panel, "Palm Beach" badging, and 16" 9-spoke chrome wheels. Also the lineup has been simplified to just GS & LS. There is also the option for a conventional spare tire and an auto dimming rear view mirror. An Audiophile 6 disc in-dash changer with an 8 speaker configuration is available. The engine is now E85 fuel capable..<ref name="Liquid's Model Year Changes" />

'''2008''': For 2008, Mercury added a standard tire pressure monitoring system on the GS and LS. In addition, outside temperature display is now standard on the LS. New optional equipment for the GS includes a Comfort Appearance Package that includes leather trim seats, a power driver seat and 16-inch painted aluminum wheels. For 2008 the GS also has an optional Confidence Package with heated mirrors, fog lamps, and traction control. The LS now offers the Travel Package with CD and cassette player and conventional spare tire as optional..<ref name="Liquid's Model Year Changes" />

==Third Generation 1998-2002==
[[Image:99 Marquis1.jpg|Third Generation Mercury Grand Marquis|right|thumb|300px]]
[[Image:99 Marquis Rear1.jpg|Third Generation Mercury Grand Marquis|right|thumb|300px]]
'''1998''': The '''Grand Marquis''' received an exterior refresh, including new front and rear fascias, grille, hood, headlights, cornering lights, taillights, bumpers, door mirrors and wheels. There were a number of small interior updates, such as a new two-spoke steering wheel, green LED backlighting, a black column shift lever and turn signal/wiper stalk arm (previously chrome), and a Gentex auto dim rear view mirror with an integrated compass. A single CD player became available, as well as an eight-way power passenger seat with lumbar support. The analog gauges now had red pointers, instead of the orange ones in previous years.

A number of mechanical changes were also made. A fail-safe cooling system with a dual speed electric fan was put in place, along with a coil-on-plug ignition system. Larger dual piston brake calipers were added to the front, hence 16 inch wheels were now standard. A Watt's Linkage Suspension was added to the rear. Fuel lines were moved to the passenger side frame rail. A coded ignition key (known as Passive Anti-Theft System [PATS]) system was introduced and a 72 amp/hour battery replaced the previous 58. Other minor changes included a redesigned engine cover and the power steering fluid reservoir being moved to the front of the engine.<ref name="Liquid's Model Year Changes" />

'''1999''': No major changes were made. The option/standard list was modified.

'''2000''': Anchors for child seats were added in the rear. A new trunk release allowed occupants trapped in the trunk to exit without assistance.

'''2001''': Changes included adjustable pedals and higher engine output.

'''2002''': Heated door mirrors, [[ABS]] and Traction Control were added to the standard options list. The trim levels for this year are GS, GS Convenience, LS Premium, LS Ultimate, and top-line LSE editions.

==Second Generation 1992-1997==
[[Image:92 Grand Marquis.jpg|right|thumb|300px|1992-1995 Mercury Grand Marquis]]
'''1992''': This was the first year for the 4.6 L SOHC modular V8 engine. The car was also completely redesigned, with its angular shapes replaced by a new aerodynamic body. The new rounded design was then highly regarded for its light weight and low wind resistance, which led to increased fuel efficiency. The interior was redesigned, with new door trim and seats. Four-wheel disc brakes were made standard, along with speed-sensitive power steering and a 19 gallon fuel tank. Rear air suspension was optional, along with a keyless entry system.<ref name="Liquid's Model Year Changes">[http://www.crownvic.net/liquid/changes.html Liquid's Model Year Changes]</ref>

'''1993''': A front passenger's side airbag was made standard. An overdrive button was added on the end of the shifter.

'''1994''': Side impact protection was added, allowing the car to comply to future 1997 standards.
[[Image:95-97GrandMarquis.jpg|right|thumb|300px|1995-1997 Mercury Grand Marquis]]

'''1995''': This was the first year for the 4R70W transmission along with an OBD-II compliant computer. The vehicle received an exterior refreshing, along with a choice of new wheels. The interior was also redesigned with a new dashboard, seats, door trim panels, and door-mounted power seat controls. 10 inch front seat tracks were standard. A 2.73 rear axle ratio was made standard, over last year's 3.08. The power antenna was integrated into the rear window on all models and an electronic temperature control system was available on the LS series.<ref name="Liquid's Model Year Changes" />

'''1996''': A new four-spoke steering wheel replaced last year's "brick" steering wheel and a single key entry system was introduced. The throttle body linkage was redesigned along with the engine cover and an all-plastic intake manifold was made standard. Shifting performance was also improved.<ref name="Liquid's Model Year Changes" />

'''1997''': The power steering system was upgraded for more precise handling and better component durability.

==First Generation 1983-1991==

[[Image:83 Grand Marquis1.jpg|thumb|right|300px|1983 Mercury Grand Marquis]]

'''1983''': The [[Mercury Marquis|Marquis]], like the Ford LTD, split into a mid-size version based on the Ford Fox platform platform while the Grand Marquis continued with the Panther platform. The grille was changed slightly this year.

'''1986''': Sequential electronic fuel injection is added.

'''1987''': The '''Grand Marquis''' is now built exclusively at the St. Thomas plant.

'''1988''': The exterior received minor changes; the familiar cross-and-wreath hood ornament, as well as the other cross emblems, were replaced by Mercury's "Flying M" logo. The rest of the exterior emblems were updated to the new block script used on the [[Mercury Sable|Sable]]. The 2-door coupe was no longer available.

'''1990''': The dashboard of the car was completely redesigned, including the airbag-equipped "brick" steering wheel.

'''1991''': The electronically controlled Ford AOD-E transmission was introduced.

==Origins==
[[Image:78 Grand Marquis1.jpg|right|1978 Mercury Grand Marquis Brougham|thumb|250px]]
The [[Mercury Marquis]] was introduced as a trim package on the 1967 [[Mercury Monterey]]. The Marquis name gradually replaced Monterey. The '''Grand Marquis''' trim line was introduced in 1975 as a step up from the base '''Marquis''' and '''Marquis Brougham'''. The Grand Marquis became a model in its own right in 1983. Since then, there have been four generations of the Grand Marquis, with a major redesign in 1992 (the [[Mercury Colony Park]] wagon was not redesigned but discontinued), a refresh in 1998, and a major revamping of the front suspension and steering system in 2003.

==Worldwide==

===Canadian market===
In Canada, after the [[Mercury (automobile)|Mercury]] brand was phased out in 1999, the car was sold as the '''Ford Grand Marquis''' but still remains badged as a Mercury, despite being named a Ford in all Canadian sales literature. Since the demise of the Mercury Marauder in 2004, the Grand Marquis is the last remaining Mercury vehicle sold in Canada. It replaces the civilian Crown Victoria, which is now sold only to commercial fleets and law enforcement in Canada (as a ''Police Interceptor'').

===Middle Eastern market===
[[Image:Sside.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Middle Eastern 2003 Mercury Grand Marquis LS, equipped with the Export Handling Package, with the LSE wheels]]

The Grand Marquis and its twin, the Ford Crown Victoria, are popular sedans in the Middle East. This is especially true in countries like Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. Vehicles with Middle East specifications (also known as GCC spec) come with slightly different options and features, including the GS-L trim. A true dual exhaust system is standard, as well as aluminum wheels. LS wheels are standard on the GS trim and vehicles manufactured after 1998 come with Lincoln Town Car seats, available in both cloth and leather trim.

The Handling and Performance Package (HPP) was renamed to the "Export Handling Package" (EHP) and differs slightly from the Handling and Performance Package. The dual exhaust system is not part of the EHP (since it already comes standard), and it comes with a 2.73 rear axle ratio over the 3.27 of the HPP. The Export Handling Package usually comes standard on the LS and shares the same 16 inch aluminum wheels with the LSE. A long wheelbase version is also available, called the Grand Marquis GSL. In North America, the long-wheelbase model is only available to fleet customers as a commercial version of the Ford Crown Victoria.

==Future Models==
Despite rumors to the contrary, [[Ford]] has announced that they will continue to produce the Grand Marquis through at least 2010.

The company does plan on redesigning it along with the Crown Victoria sometime in the future, likely retiring the Panther platform altogether and moving them to the Ford D2C platform (used by the [[Ford Mustang]]). While Ford would likely replace the Crown Victoria name with something along the lines of [[Ford Fairlane|Fairlane]] or maybe even [[Ford Galaxie|Galaxie]], to go out of Ford's plans to use names that start with the letter "F"), the Grand Marquis name would most likely be shortened back to "Marquis" to go along with Mercury naming their cars with names that begin with the letter "M".

==Design quirks and oddities==
* Using same basic Panther Platform it used in 1979.
* Using same Door and window design since 1992.
* Using same Dash Design since 1995.

==Awards==
* Class exclusive standard [[V8]] Engine.
* Roomiest Interior in its class.
* Largest Trunk in its class.
* 5 Star safety rating in all 5 categories 13 years running 1995-2008.
* Mercury Grand Marquis Won the AutoPacific 2007 Ideal Vehicle Award for Large Luxury Car.

==See Also==
{{Mercury}}
==External links==
* Mercury Grand Marquis official websites: [http://www.mercuryvehicles.com/grandmarquis U.S.A.] | [http://www.ford.ca/main/default.asp?Language=en&section=1&sVehCategory=FordCars&Model=Grand+Marquis Canada]
* [http://www.crownvicsetc.com/ Jonelle's Crown Vics, etc.]
*[[Full-Size Cars]]

This page was constructed using content from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Marquis Mercury Grand Marquis] Wikipedia article and these [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mercury_Grand_Marquis&action=history contributors].

[[Category:Mercury]]

Mercury

2010-06-04T07:00:41Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{{List Of Mercury Models}}

'''Mercury''' is an [[automobile]] marque of the [[Ford|Ford Motor Company]] founded in 1939 to market semi-luxury cars slotted between entry-level Ford and luxury [[Lincoln]] models, similar to [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]]' [[Buick]] brand and [[Chrysler LLC]]'s [[Chrysler]] brand. To this day, most Mercury models are based on Ford platforms. The Mercury name comes from the name of roman god of speed who was the messenger of the gods, which was reflected in its focus during its early years on performance.

==History of Mercury's market segment and styling==
[[Image:68 Cougar1.jpg|left|thumb|250px|First generation [[Mercury Cougar]]]]

'''Mercury''' was its own division at Ford until 1945 when it was combined with Lincoln into the [[Lincoln-Mercury Division]], with Ford hoping the brand would be known as a "junior Lincoln", rather than an upmarket Ford. In 1949, Mercury introduced the first of its "new look", integrated bodies, at the same time that Ford and Lincoln also changed styling radically. Again in 1952, Mercury offered a further modernization in its look. In 1958, the [[Lincoln-Mercury Division]] and the ill-fated [[Edsel]] brand were joined into the Mercury-Edsel-Lincoln Division; with the demise of Edsel in 1960, it has been in the [[Lincoln-Mercury Division]] ever since.

Mercury, like the defunct Edsel, was created from scratch, rather than being a takeover of an existing company like Lincoln. Mercury's heyday was in the 1950s, when its formula of stretching and lowering existing Ford platforms was very successful. The marque has changed several times throughout its history. During the 1940s and 1950s, the make moved between as a "gussied up" Ford, to a "junior Lincoln" and even to having its own body designs. During the 1960s and early 1970s, Mercury began to distance itself from Ford and offered several different looking models such as the Cougar and Marquis. But in the late 1970s to the early 1980s the brand was joined at the hip with Ford again and its image suffered as a result.

Mercury sales peaked in 1979 at 669,138. Since then, sales have declined by more than half to roughly 200,000 annually. The Mercury brand is used in the United States, and was used in Canada and Mexico. In 1999, Mercury models were renamed as Fords in both Mexico and Canada. But in early 2000 the Mercury Brand was revived in Mexico.

==History of Mercury from the beginning==
===1938===
Edsel Ford believed there was a golden marketing opportunity to produce a line of vehicles that would fill the price gap between [[Ford]] and [[Lincoln]]. The vehicles would be large, stylish and modern, yet still economical.

Edsel originally had many ideas about what to name his new vehicle line. After much deliberation, he chose the Roman god, Mercury - the fleet-footed winged messenger and god of commerce who symbolized dependability, eloquence, speed and skill.

Bob Gregorie, Ford's first design chief, worked closely with Edsel to develop the first [[Mercury]], the [[Mercury Eight]]. Its 95-horsepower engine offered 10 more horsepower than the Ford [[V8]], making it a robust performer. Design-wise, the Mercury Eight was considered to be among the most aerodynamic cars of its era. It was one of the first [[Ford]] production cars designed using a full-scale clay model. Dubbed The Super Ford, the '''Mercury''' Eight boasted the industry's first two-spoke steering wheel. In 1939, production reached more than 17,000 vehicles.

===1940's===
By 1941, more than 98,000 new '''Mercurys''' were built to meet a staggering demand, for a total of 155,000 vehicles sold since the introduction of the Mercury Eight. From 1942 to 1945, Mercury halted most of its production due to World War II. After the war, [[Henry Ford]] completely separated Mercury from Ford and established [[Lincoln-Mercury Division]]. For the first time, Mercury had its own vehicles. Because of the war, Mercury's 1946 models were slightly modified 1942 models. 1947 saw production increase to more than 86,000 vehicles. On April 29, 1948, '''Lincoln Mercury''' introduced the first all-new postwar Mercury vehicles.

===1950's===
1950 was '''Mercury's''' highest production year to date with 344,081 vehicles built. In August of 1950, Mercury sold its one-millionth car. Mercury was now truly earning a reputation for performance and innovation. In 1951, the first automatic transmission - the Merc-O-Matic - was added to all models. Other stylish appointments followed, including "frenched" (fitted flush with sheet metal surround or behind grille) headlamps, airfoil bumpers, monopane windshields, jet-scoop hoods, aircraft-style instrumentation and hideaway gas caps. In 1955, James Dean drove a customized 1949 Mercury in the movie "Rebel Without A Cause." The '50s closed out with the "Big M" dominating the racetrack and the sales charts.

===1960's===
In 1960, '''Mercury''' introduced the [[Mercury Comet|Comet]] and [[Mercury Meteor|Meteor]] lines. The Comet was a luxury compact and the Meteor was a downsized full-sized vehicle that reflected a trend toward smaller cars. The Comet made a big splash at the 1963 Daytona International Speedway Durability Run. Over the 40-day race, a fleet of Mercury Comet Calientes covered 100,000 miles at speeds averaging more than 105 mph. As a result, sales went through the roof. In 1967, the [[Mercury Cougar|Cougar]] was introduced and became an icon with muscle-car enthusiasts, winning Motor Trend's "Car of the Year" Award.

===1970's===
The oil crisis of the '70s sent gas prices skyrocketing - which had consumers looking to buy smaller cars with better fuel efficiency. '''Mercury''' responded by adding the European-built 1971 [[Mercury Capri]]. Another addition was the [[Mercury Bobcat|Bobcat]]. The late '70s brought about a completely redesigned Cougar XR-7. From 1977-1979, Cougar experienced a great increase in sales, the most impressive being in 1978 when sales reached 213,270 units. Overall, sales continued to climb. In 1979 Mercury sales soared selling 669,138 units and earning 6.75 percent market share.

===1980's===
In the '80s, '''Mercury''' tried to capture a wider audience with a range of vehicles that included the [[Mercury Capri|Capri]], [[Mercury Cougar|Cougar]], [[Mercury Lynx|Lynx]] and the [[Mercury Grand Marquis|Grand Marquis]]. But the biggest success came in 1986 with the launch of the all new [[Mercury Sable]]. The car featured a radical aerodynamic design that reduced drag to increase fuel efficiency. This involved long-term planning of a kind never seen before in the auto industry. In the process, Ford engineers tore apart hundreds of competitors' cars, a process called "reverse engineering."

===1990's===
The early part of the '90s brought about the introduction of the all-new minivan, the [[Mercury Villager]]. Customers loved its spacious interior, exceptional car-like ride and upscale amenities. In 1997, '''Mercury '''introduced its first SUV, the [[Mercury Mountaineer|Mountaineer]]. This vehicle achieved great success in attracting young buyers to the market. '''Mercury''' continued to turn heads with its all-new 1999 [[Mercury Cougar|Cougar]]. It offered new-edge styling that contrasted smooth aerodynamics with crisply intersecting surfaces, and was a big success.

===2000's===
The future direction of '''Mercury''' came to light with the revamped 2002 [[Mercury Mountaineer|Mountaineer]]. America's favorite muscle sedan returned in 2003 as '''Mercury''' introduced the 302-hp [[Mercury Marauder|Marauder]]. In the fall of 2004, Mercury introduced the all-new [[Mercury Mariner|Mariner]] and [[Mercury Montego|Montego]] - marking a bold new era in technological excellence. With such features as unsurpassed interior space, available all-wheel drive and a Continuously Variable Transmission, Mercury Montego was greeted with critical acclaim. Mariner fared equally well, offering the public available Intelligent four-wheel drive, side-curtain and front-seat side-impact airbags and a 200-hp [[V6]], among other amenities. And in 2006 the indrocution of a new mid-size luxury sedan the [[Mercury Milan]] and '''Mercury's''' first ever Hybrid vehicle the [[Mercury Mariner Hybrid|Mariner Hybrid]]. In 2007, Mercury rolled out the redesigned 2008 [[Mercury Mariner|Mariner]] and 2008 [[Mercury Sable|Sable]], which both featured crisp exterior lines and were filled with the latest in driving technologies. One of '''Mercury's''' newest technologies optional for fall of 2007 is the voice-activated, in-car SYNC communication and entertainment system, which was developed in collaboration with Microsoft. For 2008, '''Mercury''' is opening new doors.

===Brand revival and Demise===
[[Image:2009 Mercury Sable3.jpg|The 2009 Mercury Sable|left|thumb|300px]]

As of 2008, '''Mercury's''' range is quite small and have similarities to those sold under the Ford Brand. Many industry observers have questioned whether Mercury will survive in the long term, but Ford insists that there is no intention of letting the brand die. The introduction of new models, such as the [[Mercury Milan|Milan]], the [[Mercury Mariner|Mariner]], the [[Mercury Mariner Hybrid|Mariner Hybrid]] as well as the revival of the [[Mercury Sable|Sable]] and the up coming 2009 '''Milan Hybrid''' would seem to bear that out. Its alliance with Lincoln has helped keep the brand alive; all Lincoln dealers also sell Mercury vehicles, as they desire some lower-priced vehicles in their showrooms.

As part of their effort to re-assert the brand, Mercury has also begun implementing design elements common to all of their vehicles to create a more "unified" marque. These include an update of the signature "waterfall" front grille and badge lettering based on that of the last generation [[Mercury Cougar|Cougar]]. However, Mercury's future is no longer in doubt. In July, 2008 Ford Motor Company ended speculation about the future of Mercury by making the brand part of its new small-car strategy.

However, on June 2, 2010, it was announced that Ford will cease production of the Mercury brand after the 2010 model year. Mercury sold fewer than 90,000 units per year, less than the number [[Plymouth]] and [[Oldsmobile]] sold before they went defunct.
{{-}}

==Logo==
[[Image:Mercury Waterfall Grille.jpg|Mercury's Signature Waterfall Grille and Logo|left|thumb|250px]]
The first logo of the '''Mercury''' brand was its namesake, the Roman god Mercury. The side profile of his head, complete with the signature bowl hat with wings was used during the early years.

In the 1950s, the logo became a simple "M" with horizontal bars extending outward from the bottom of its vertical elements in each direction. This was described in advertising as "The Big M" - probably most notably as the prime sponsor of The Ed Sullivan Show.

During the late 1960s and up to the mid-1980s, the Mercury used the "Sign of the Cat" ad campaign based on its popular Cougar model. Many of the cars during this time carried cat related names such as the Mercury Lynx and Mercury Bobcat. On some of the upper-tier models, such as the [[Mercury Marquis|Marquis]] and [[Mercury Grand Marquis|Grand Marquis]], Mercury also used Lincoln's diamond logo during this time.

During the late 1980s, the logo changed from the Cougar to a highly stylized letter M (nicknamed 'the Waterfall' by some). The reason behind this new logo has never been fully explained, but it is still being used today. Since 1999, the Mercury logo has had "Mercury" written on the top part of the logo.

Mercury sponsored a professional cycling team from 2000 until 2002.

==Sale Numbers==
*Total '''Mercury''' Brand Sales For 2007 Total '''168,422''' '''Down 6.9%''' From Total 2006 Sales.

==Awards==
* '''Mercury''' Takes '''2ND''' Place in J.D. Power 2008 Vehicle Dependability Study.
* '''Mercury''' Takes '''2ND''' Place in J.D. Power 2008 Body & Interior Dependability Ratings.
* '''Mercury''' moved from 8TH to '''2ND''' Place in J.D. Power 2008 Initial Quality Ratings.

==List of Mercury automobiles==
{| class=wikitable align=right
|colspan=3|'''2009 Mercury Model Line-up'''
|-
!width="40%"|Model!!Type!!Price Range
|-
|[[Mercury Grand Marquis|Grand Marquis]]||Flagship||$26,105 - $36,070
|-
|[[Mercury Sable|Sable]]||Full-size sedan||$25,325 - $36,025
|-
|[[Mercury Milan|Milan]]||Mid-size sedan||$19,690 - $30,840
|-
|[[Mercury Mariner|Mariner]]||Compact SUV||$21,820 - $32,280
|-
|[[Mercury Mariner|Mariner Hybrid]]||Compact SUV||$27,860 - $35,345
|-
|[[Mercury Mountaineer|Mountaineer]]||Mid-size SUV||$28,535 - $42,255
|}

===Current models===
*[[Mercury Grand Marquis]] (1975-2010)
*[[Mercury Milan]] (2006-2010)
*[[Mercury Mariner]] (2005-2010)
*[[Mercury Mariner Hybrid]] (2006-2010)
*[[Mercury Mountaineer]] (1997-2010)

==Recent models==
*[[Mercury Sable]] (1986-2005, 2008-2009)
*[[Mercury Montego]] (2005-2007)
*[[Mercury Monterey]] (2004-2007)
*[[Mercury Marauder]] (2003-2004)

==Past models==
*[[Mercury Bobcat]] (1975-1980)
*[[Mercury Capri]] (1979-1986, 1991-1994)
*[[Mercury Colony Park]] (1957-1991)
*[[Mercury Comet]] (1960-1969, 1971-1977)
*[[Mercury Commuter]] (1957-1968)
*[[Mercury Cougar]] (1967-1997, 1999-2002)
*[[Mercury Custom]] (1956)
*[[Mercury Cyclone]] (1965-1971)
*[[Mercury Eight]] (1939-1948)
*[[Mercury LN7]] (1982-1983)
*[[Mercury Lynx]] (1981-1987)
*[[Mercury M-Series]] (1946-1968, Canada)
*[[Mercury Marquis]] (1967-1986)
*[[Mercury Medalist]]
*[[Mercury Meteor]] (1962-1963)
*[[Mercury Monarch]] (1975-1980)
*[[Mercury Montclair]] (1955-1960, 1964-1968)
*[[Mercury Mystique]] (1995-2000)
*[[Mercury Park Lane]] (1958-1960, 1964-1968)
*[[Mercury S-55]]
*[[Mercury Topaz]] (1984-1994)
*[[Mercury Tracer]] (1988-1989, 1991-1999)
*[[Mercury Turnpike Cruiser]] (1957-1958)
*[[Mercury Villager]] (1993-2002)
*[[Mercury Voyager]]
*[[Mercury Zephyr]] (1978-1983)

==Concept cars==
*[[Mercury Messenger (concept car)|Mercury Messenger]]
*[[Mercury Meta One]]

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Image:1939 Mercury Eight1.jpg|'39 Mercury
Image:Retro59Mercury.jpg|'59 Mercury
Image:68 Cougar1.jpg|'68 Cougar
Image:78 Grand Marquis1.jpg|'78 Grand Marquis
Image:95 Sable LTS1.jpg|'95 Sable
Image:'05 Mariner1.jpg|'05 Mariner
Image:06 Milan1.jpg|'06 Milan
Image:Mercury Mondeo1.jpg|A suggestion of what could make Mercury the success it once was... (aka Mercury Mondeo)
</gallery>

==See Also==

{{Mercury}}

{{Ford Motor Company}}

==External links==
*[http://www.mercuryvehicles.com/ Mercury Vehicles (Mercury | New Doors Opened)]
* [[Lincoln-Mercury Division]]
*[http://www.fyilondon.com/perl-bin/niveau2.cgi?s=wheels&p=85198.html&a=1 A short history of the marque]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2007/09/03/mercury-ever-closer-to-getting-the-axe/ Mercury Ever Closer To Getting The Axe]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2007/10/16/mulally-again-professes-faith-in-mercury/1#c8172712/ Mulally professes faith in Mercury]
*[http://www.mercurypartsbans.com/ Classic Mercury Parts]
*[http://jalopnik.com/395606/mercury-brand-to-die-in-blaze-of-ignominious-neglect-by-2012 Mercury Brand To Die In Blaze Of Ignominious Neglect By 2012]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2010/06/02/ford-kills-mercury-to-expand-lincoln/ Officially Official: Ford kills Mercury to expand Lincoln lineup]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2010/06/02/mercury-it-was-the-best-of-times-it-was-the-worst-of-times/ Mercury: It was the Best of Times, it was the Worst of Times]

[[Category:Makes]]
[[Category:Ford Motor Company]]
[[Category:Mercury Vehicles]]
[[Category:Mercury]]

Mercury

2010-04-05T23:19:40Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{{List Of Mercury Models}}

'''Mercury''' is an [[automobile]] marque of the [[Ford|Ford Motor Company]] founded in 1939 to market semi-luxury cars slotted between entry-level Ford and luxury [[Lincoln]] models, similar to [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]]' [[Buick]] brand and [[Chrysler LLC]]'s [[Chrysler]] brand. To this day, most Mercury models are based on Ford platforms. The Mercury name comes from the name of roman god of speed who was the messenger of the gods, which was reflected in its focus during its early years on performance.

==History of Mercury's market segment and styling==
[[Image:68 Cougar1.jpg|left|thumb|250px|First generation [[Mercury Cougar]]]]

'''Mercury''' was its own division at Ford until 1945 when it was combined with Lincoln into the [[Lincoln-Mercury Division]], with Ford hoping the brand would be known as a "junior Lincoln", rather than an upmarket Ford. In 1949, Mercury introduced the first of its "new look", integrated bodies, at the same time that Ford and Lincoln also changed styling radically. Again in 1952, Mercury offered a further modernization in its look. In 1958, the [[Lincoln-Mercury Division]] and the ill-fated [[Edsel]] brand were joined into the Mercury-Edsel-Lincoln Division; with the demise of Edsel in 1960, it has been in the [[Lincoln-Mercury Division]] ever since.

Mercury, like the defunct Edsel, was created from scratch, rather than being a takeover of an existing company like Lincoln. Mercury's heyday was in the 1950s, when its formula of stretching and lowering existing Ford platforms was very successful. The marque has changed several times throughout its history. During the 1940s and 1950s, the make moved between as a "gussied up" Ford, to a "junior Lincoln" and even to having its own body designs. During the 1960s and early 1970s, Mercury began to distance itself from Ford and offered several different looking models such as the Cougar and Marquis. But in the late 1970s to the early 1980s the brand was joined at the hip with Ford again and its image suffered as a result.

Mercury sales peaked in 1979 at 669,138. Since then, sales have declined by more than half to roughly 200,000 annually. The Mercury brand is used in the United States, and was used in Canada and Mexico. In 1999, Mercury models were renamed as Fords in both Mexico and Canada. But in early 2000 the Mercury Brand was revived in Mexico.

==History of Mercury from the beginning==
===1938===
Edsel Ford believed there was a golden marketing opportunity to produce a line of vehicles that would fill the price gap between [[Ford]] and [[Lincoln]]. The vehicles would be large, stylish and modern, yet still economical.

Edsel originally had many ideas about what to name his new vehicle line. After much deliberation, he chose the Roman god, Mercury - the fleet-footed winged messenger and god of commerce who symbolized dependability, eloquence, speed and skill.

Bob Gregorie, Ford's first design chief, worked closely with Edsel to develop the first [[Mercury]], the [[Mercury Eight]]. Its 95-horsepower engine offered 10 more horsepower than the Ford [[V8]], making it a robust performer. Design-wise, the Mercury Eight was considered to be among the most aerodynamic cars of its era. It was one of the first [[Ford]] production cars designed using a full-scale clay model. Dubbed The Super Ford, the '''Mercury''' Eight boasted the industry's first two-spoke steering wheel. In 1939, production reached more than 17,000 vehicles.

===1940's===
By 1941, more than 98,000 new '''Mercurys''' were built to meet a staggering demand, for a total of 155,000 vehicles sold since the introduction of the Mercury Eight. From 1942 to 1945, Mercury halted most of its production due to World War II. After the war, [[Henry Ford]] completely separated Mercury from Ford and established [[Lincoln-Mercury Division]]. For the first time, Mercury had its own vehicles. Because of the war, Mercury's 1946 models were slightly modified 1942 models. 1947 saw production increase to more than 86,000 vehicles. On April 29, 1948, '''Lincoln Mercury''' introduced the first all-new postwar Mercury vehicles.

===1950's===
1950 was '''Mercury's''' highest production year to date with 344,081 vehicles built. In August of 1950, Mercury sold its one-millionth car. Mercury was now truly earning a reputation for performance and innovation. In 1951, the first automatic transmission - the Merc-O-Matic - was added to all models. Other stylish appointments followed, including "frenched" (fitted flush with sheet metal surround or behind grille) headlamps, airfoil bumpers, monopane windshields, jet-scoop hoods, aircraft-style instrumentation and hideaway gas caps. In 1955, James Dean drove a customized 1949 Mercury in the movie "Rebel Without A Cause." The '50s closed out with the "Big M" dominating the racetrack and the sales charts.

===1960's===
In 1960, '''Mercury''' introduced the [[Mercury Comet|Comet]] and [[Mercury Meteor|Meteor]] lines. The Comet was a luxury compact and the Meteor was a downsized full-sized vehicle that reflected a trend toward smaller cars. The Comet made a big splash at the 1963 Daytona International Speedway Durability Run. Over the 40-day race, a fleet of Mercury Comet Calientes covered 100,000 miles at speeds averaging more than 105 mph. As a result, sales went through the roof. In 1967, the [[Mercury Cougar|Cougar]] was introduced and became an icon with muscle-car enthusiasts, winning Motor Trend's "Car of the Year" Award.

===1970's===
The oil crisis of the '70s sent gas prices skyrocketing - which had consumers looking to buy smaller cars with better fuel efficiency. '''Mercury''' responded by adding the European-built 1971 [[Mercury Capri]]. Another addition was the [[Mercury Bobcat|Bobcat]]. The late '70s brought about a completely redesigned Cougar XR-7. From 1977-1979, Cougar experienced a great increase in sales, the most impressive being in 1978 when sales reached 213,270 units. Overall, sales continued to climb. In 1979 Mercury sales soared selling 669,138 units and earning 6.75 percent market share.

===1980's===
In the '80s, '''Mercury''' tried to capture a wider audience with a range of vehicles that included the [[Mercury Capri|Capri]], [[Mercury Cougar|Cougar]], [[Mercury Lynx|Lynx]] and the [[Mercury Grand Marquis|Grand Marquis]]. But the biggest success came in 1986 with the launch of the all new [[Mercury Sable]]. The car featured a radical aerodynamic design that reduced drag to increase fuel efficiency. This involved long-term planning of a kind never seen before in the auto industry. In the process, Ford engineers tore apart hundreds of competitors' cars, a process called "reverse engineering."

===1990's===
The early part of the '90s brought about the introduction of the all-new minivan, the [[Mercury Villager]]. Customers loved its spacious interior, exceptional car-like ride and upscale amenities. In 1997, '''Mercury '''introduced its first SUV, the [[Mercury Mountaineer|Mountaineer]]. This vehicle achieved great success in attracting young buyers to the market. '''Mercury''' continued to turn heads with its all-new 1999 [[Mercury Cougar|Cougar]]. It offered new-edge styling that contrasted smooth aerodynamics with crisply intersecting surfaces, and was a big success.

===2000's===
The future direction of '''Mercury''' came to light with the revamped 2002 [[Mercury Mountaineer|Mountaineer]]. America's favorite muscle sedan returned in 2003 as '''Mercury''' introduced the 302-hp [[Mercury Marauder|Marauder]]. In the fall of 2004, Mercury introduced the all-new [[Mercury Mariner|Mariner]] and [[Mercury Montego|Montego]] - marking a bold new era in technological excellence. With such features as unsurpassed interior space, available all-wheel drive and a Continuously Variable Transmission, Mercury Montego was greeted with critical acclaim. Mariner fared equally well, offering the public available Intelligent four-wheel drive, side-curtain and front-seat side-impact airbags and a 200-hp [[V6]], among other amenities. And in 2006 the indrocution of a new mid-size luxury sedan the [[Mercury Milan]] and '''Mercury's''' first ever Hybrid vehicle the [[Mercury Mariner Hybrid|Mariner Hybrid]]. In 2007, Mercury rolled out the redesigned 2008 [[Mercury Mariner|Mariner]] and 2008 [[Mercury Sable|Sable]], which both featured crisp exterior lines and were filled with the latest in driving technologies. One of '''Mercury's''' newest technologies optional for fall of 2007 is the voice-activated, in-car SYNC communication and entertainment system, which was developed in collaboration with Microsoft. For 2008, '''Mercury''' is opening new doors.

===Brand revival and future===
[[Image:2009 Mercury Sable3.jpg|The 2009 Mercury Sable|left|thumb|300px]]

As of 2008, '''Mercury's''' range is quite small and have similarities to those sold under the Ford Brand. Many industry observers have questioned whether Mercury will survive in the long term, but Ford insists that there is no intention of letting the brand die. The introduction of new models, such as the [[Mercury Milan|Milan]], the [[Mercury Mariner|Mariner]], the [[Mercury Mariner Hybrid|Mariner Hybrid]] as well as the revival of the [[Mercury Sable|Sable]] and the up coming 2009 '''Milan Hybrid''' would seem to bear that out. Its alliance with Lincoln has helped keep the brand alive; all Lincoln dealers also sell Mercury vehicles, as they desire some lower-priced vehicles in their showrooms.

As part of their effort to re-assert the brand, Mercury has also begun implementing design elements common to all of their vehicles to create a more "unified" marque. These include an update of the signature "waterfall" front grille and badge lettering based on that of the last generation [[Mercury Cougar|Cougar]]. However, Mercury's future is no longer in doubt. In July, 2008 Ford Motor Company ended speculation about the future of Mercury by making the brand part of its new small-car strategy.
{{-}}

==Logo==
[[Image:Mercury Waterfall Grille.jpg|Mercury's Signature Waterfall Grille and Logo|left|thumb|250px]]
The first logo of the '''Mercury''' brand was its namesake, the Roman god Mercury. The side profile of his head, complete with the signature bowl hat with wings was used during the early years.

In the 1950s, the logo became a simple "M" with horizontal bars extending outward from the bottom of its vertical elements in each direction. This was described in advertising as "The Big M" - probably most notably as the prime sponsor of The Ed Sullivan Show.

During the late 1960s and up to the mid-1980s, the Mercury used the "Sign of the Cat" ad campaign based on its popular Cougar model. Many of the cars during this time carried cat related names such as the Mercury Lynx and Mercury Bobcat. On some of the upper-tier models, such as the [[Mercury Marquis|Marquis]] and [[Mercury Grand Marquis|Grand Marquis]], Mercury also used Lincoln's diamond logo during this time.

During the late 1980s, the logo changed from the Cougar to a highly stylized letter M (nicknamed 'the Waterfall' by some). The reason behind this new logo has never been fully explained, but it is still being used today. Since 1999, the Mercury logo has had "Mercury" written on the top part of the logo.

Mercury sponsored a professional cycling team from 2000 until 2002.

==Sale Numbers==
*Total '''Mercury''' Brand Sales For 2007 Total '''168,422''' '''Down 6.9%''' From Total 2006 Sales.

==Awards==
* '''Mercury''' Takes '''2ND''' Place in J.D. Power 2008 Vehicle Dependability Study.
* '''Mercury''' Takes '''2ND''' Place in J.D. Power 2008 Body & Interior Dependability Ratings.
* '''Mercury''' moved from 8TH to '''2ND''' Place in J.D. Power 2008 Initial Quality Ratings.

==List of Mercury automobiles==
{| class=wikitable align=right
|colspan=3|'''2009 Mercury Model Line-up'''
|-
!width="40%"|Model!!Type!!Price Range
|-
|[[Mercury Grand Marquis|Grand Marquis]]||Flagship||$26,105 - $36,070
|-
|[[Mercury Sable|Sable]]||Full-size sedan||$25,325 - $36,025
|-
|[[Mercury Milan|Milan]]||Mid-size sedan||$19,690 - $30,840
|-
|[[Mercury Mariner|Mariner]]||Compact SUV||$21,820 - $32,280
|-
|[[Mercury Mariner|Mariner Hybrid]]||Compact SUV||$27,860 - $35,345
|-
|[[Mercury Mountaineer|Mountaineer]]||Mid-size SUV||$28,535 - $42,255
|}

===Current models===
*[[Mercury Grand Marquis]] (1975-Present)
*[[Mercury Milan]] (2006-Present)
*[[Mercury Mariner]] (2005-Present)
*[[Mercury Mariner Hybrid]] (2006-Present)
*[[Mercury Mountaineer]] (1997-Present)

==Recent models==
*[[Mercury Sable]] (1986-2005, 2008-2009)
*[[Mercury Montego]] (2005-2007)
*[[Mercury Monterey]] (2004-2007)
*[[Mercury Marauder]] (2003-2004)

==Past models==
*[[Mercury Bobcat]] (1975-1980)
*[[Mercury Capri]] (1979-1986, 1991-1994)
*[[Mercury Colony Park]] (1957-1991)
*[[Mercury Comet]] (1960-1969, 1971-1977)
*[[Mercury Commuter]] (1957-1968)
*[[Mercury Cougar]] (1967-1997, 1999-2002)
*[[Mercury Custom]] (1956)
*[[Mercury Cyclone]] (1965-1971)
*[[Mercury Eight]] (1939-1948)
*[[Mercury LN7]] (1982-1983)
*[[Mercury Lynx]] (1981-1987)
*[[Mercury M-Series]] (1946-1968, Canada)
*[[Mercury Marquis]] (1967-1986)
*[[Mercury Medalist]]
*[[Mercury Meteor]] (1962-1963)
*[[Mercury Monarch]] (1975-1980)
*[[Mercury Montclair]] (1955-1960, 1964-1968)
*[[Mercury Mystique]] (1995-2000)
*[[Mercury Park Lane]] (1958-1960, 1964-1968)
*[[Mercury S-55]]
*[[Mercury Topaz]] (1984-1994)
*[[Mercury Tracer]] (1988-1989, 1991-1999)
*[[Mercury Turnpike Cruiser]] (1957-1958)
*[[Mercury Villager]] (1993-2002)
*[[Mercury Voyager]]
*[[Mercury Zephyr]] (1978-1983)

==Concept cars==
*[[Mercury Messenger (concept car)|Mercury Messenger]]
*[[Mercury Meta One]]

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Image:1939 Mercury Eight1.jpg|'39 Mercury
Image:Retro59Mercury.jpg|'59 Mercury
Image:68 Cougar1.jpg|'68 Cougar
Image:78 Grand Marquis1.jpg|'78 Grand Marquis
Image:95 Sable LTS1.jpg|'95 Sable
Image:'05 Mariner1.jpg|'05 Mariner
Image:06 Milan1.jpg|'06 Milan
Image:Mercury Mondeo1.jpg|A suggestion of what could make Mercury the success it once was... (aka Mercury Mondeo)
</gallery>

==See Also==

{{Mercury}}

{{Ford Motor Company}}

==External links==
*[http://www.mercuryvehicles.com/ Mercury Vehicles (Mercury | New Doors Opened)]
* [[Lincoln-Mercury Division]]
*[http://www.fyilondon.com/perl-bin/niveau2.cgi?s=wheels&p=85198.html&a=1 A short history of the marque]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2007/09/03/mercury-ever-closer-to-getting-the-axe/ Mercury Ever Closer To Getting The Axe]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2007/10/16/mulally-again-professes-faith-in-mercury/1#c8172712/ Mulally professes faith in Mercury]
*[http://jalopnik.com/395606/mercury-brand-to-die-in-blaze-of-ignominious-neglect-by-2012 Mercury Brand To Die In Blaze Of Ignominious Neglect By 2012]

[[Category:Makes]]
[[Category:Ford Motor Company]]
[[Category:Mercury Vehicles]]
[[Category:Mercury]]

Template:Mercury

2010-04-05T23:17:42Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{{Automotive navigational box |
|Image = [[Image:Mercury Grillefff.jpg|200px]]
|Marque = [[Mercury|MERCURY]]
|1 = {{Ford Motor Company}}
|Body = <small>Current:</small> [[Mercury Grand Marquis|Grand Marquis]] · [[Mercury Milan|Milan]] · [[Mercury Mariner|Mariner]] · [[Mercury Mariner Hybrid|Mariner Hybrid]] · [[Mercury Mountaineer|Mountaineer]]

<small>Historic:</small> [[Mercury Montego|Montego]] · [[Mercury Monterey|Monterey]] · [[Mercury Capri|Capri]] · [[Mercury Colony Park|Colony Park]] · [[Mercury Comet|Comet]] · [[Mercury Commuter|Commuter]] · [[Mercury Custom|Custom]] · [[Mercury Cougar|Cougar]] · [[Mercury Cyclone|Cyclone]] · [[Mercury Eight|Eight]] · [[Mercury Bobcat|Bobcat]] · [[Mercury LN7|LN7]] · [[Mercury Lynx|Lynx]] · [[Mercury M-Series|M-Series]] · [[Mercury Marauder|Marauder]] · [[Mercury Marquis|Marquis]] · [[Mercury Medalist|Medalist]] · [[Mercury Meteor|Meteor]] · [[Mercury Monarch|Monarch]] · [[Mercury Montclair|Montclair]] · [[Mercury Mystique|Mystique]] · [[Mercury Park Lane|Park Lane]] · [[Mercury S-55|S-55]] · [[Mercury Sable|Sable]] · [[Mercury Topaz|Topaz]] · [[Mercury Tracer|Tracer]] · [[Mercury Turnpike Cruiser|Turnpike Cruiser]] · [[Mercury Villager|Villager]] · [[Mercury Voyager|Voyager]] · [[Mercury Zephyr|Zephyr]] · [[Mercury 114|114]]

<small>Concept:</small> [[Mercury MC2|MC2]] · [[Mercury Messenger|Messenger]] · [[Mercury Meta One|Meta One]] · [[Mercury My|My]] · [[Mercury XM 800 Concept|XM 800 Concept]] · [[Mercury L'Tude Concept|L'Tude Concept]]

<small>One-Off:</small> [[Mercury Custom Bob Hope Special|Bob Hope Special]] ·
|Notables = [[Lincoln-Mercury Division|Lincoln-Mercury]] · [[Mercury SYNC|SYNC]] · [[Elena Ford]]
|edit = Template:Mercury
|Founder/s = [[Ford]]
|Corporate website = [http://www.mercuryvehicles.com Corporate website]
|Parent =''[[Ford|A brand of the Ford PAG]]''
}}

<noinclude>
[[Category:Automotive navigational boxes|Mercury]]
[[Category:Templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</noinclude>

Template:Lincoln

2010-04-05T23:14:16Z

Lincolnfan2010:

{{Automotive navigational box |
|Image = [[Image:Barryslincoln1.jpg|158px]]
|Marque = [[Lincoln|LINCOLN]]
|1 = {{Ford Motor Company}}
|Body = <small>'''Current Models:'''</small> [[Lincoln Town Car|Town Car]] · [[Lincoln Navigator|Navigator]] · [[Lincoln MKZ|MKZ]] · [[Lincoln MKX|MKX]] · [[Lincoln MKS|MKS]] · [[Lincoln MKT|MKT]]

<small>'''Historic Models:'''</small> [[Lincoln Zephyr|Zephyr]] · [[Lincoln Blackwood|Blackwood]] · [[Lincoln LS|LS]] · [[Lincoln Versailles|Versailles]] · [[Lincoln Continental|Continental]] · [[Lincoln Premiere|Premiere]] · [[Lincoln Cosmopolitan|Cosmopolitan]] · [[Lincoln Mark series|Mark series]] · [[Lincoln Mark LT|Mark LT]]

<small>'''Concept Cars:'''</small> [[Lincoln MKR Concept|MKR]] · [[Lincoln MKS Concept|MKS]] · [[Lincoln Futura|Futura]] · [[Lincoln Mark X|Mk9/Mark X]] · [[Lincoln Navicross Concept|Navicross]] · [[Lincoln L2K|L2K]] · [[Lincoln Fifty-X|Fifty-X]] · [[Lincoln Continental Concept|Continental Concept]] · [[Lincoln Mark 9 Concept|Mark 9]] · [[Lincoln MKT Concept|MKT Concept]] · [[Lincoln C Concept|C Concept]] · [[Lincoln Machete Concept|Machete Concept]]

<small>'''One-Offs:'''</small>

|Notables = [[Lincoln-Mercury Division|Lincoln-Mercury]] · [[Continental]] · [[Continental Mark II]] · [[Mercury SYNC|SYNC]] · [[MyLincoln Touch]]
|edit = Template:lincoln
|Founder/s = [[Henry M. Leland]]
|Corporate website = [http://www.lincolnvehicles.com Corporate website]
|Parent =''[[Ford|A brand of the Ford PAG]]''
}}
<noinclude>
[[Category:Lincoln]]
[[Category:Automotive navigational boxes|Lincoln]]
</noinclude>
<noinclude>[[Category:Templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</noinclude>