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| | #REDIRECT [[Automobile]] |
| '''Vehicles''' are non-living [[means of transportation]]. They are most often man-made (e.g. [[bicycle]]s, [[automobile|car]]s, [[motorcycle]]s, [[train]]s, [[ship]]s, and [[aircraft]]), although some other means of [[transportation]] which are not made by man can also be called vehicles; examples include [[iceberg]]s and floating tree trunks.
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| Vehicles may be propelled by animals, e.g. a [[chariot]] or an [[ox-cart]]. However, animals on their own, though used as a means of transportation, are not called vehicles. This includes humans carrying another human, for example a child or a disabled person.
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| Vehicles that do not travel on land are often called [[craft (vehicle)|crafts]], such as [[watercraft]], [[sailcraft]], [[aircraft]], [[hovercraft]] and [[spacecraft]]
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| Most land vehicles have [[wheel]]s. Please see the [[wheel]] article for examples of vehicles with and without wheels.
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| Movement without the help of a vehicle or an animal is called [[locomotion]]. The word ''vehicle'' itself comes from the Latin ''vehiculum''.
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| ==Mechanical Road-Vehicles==
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| ===Bicycle===
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| ::''see [[Bicycle]]s (see also [[Vehicular Cycling]])''
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| ::''see main article [[History of the bicycle]]''
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| ====Tricycle====
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| ::''see [[Tricycle]]''
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| ====Quadricycle====
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| ::''see [[Quadricycle]]''
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| ===Electric Road Carriages===
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| ::''see [[electric vehicle]]
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| ::''see [[history of the electric vehicle]]
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| ===Steam Road Carriage===
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| After the period of the steam road coach ended by 1840, interest in mechanical road transport then lapsed, and it was many years before any serious attempts where made to develop further the use of steam power on ordinary roads. The steam driven locomotive from this epoch no doubt influenced them, and convinced them that steam-driven private carriages were feasible.
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| ====Thomas Rickett of Buckingham====
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| Hence, in 1858, Thomas Rickett of [[Buckingham]] built the first of several steam carriages. Instead of looking like a carriage it resembled a small locomotive. It consisted of a steam-engine mounted on three wheels; two large driven rear-wheels and one smaller front wheel by which the vehicle was steered. The whole was driven by a [[chain drive]] and a maximum speed of twelve miles per hour was reached. The weight of the machine was 1.5 tonnes and somewhat lighter than Rickett's steam carriage.
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| Two years later, in 1860, Rickett built a similar but heavier vehicle. This model incorporated [[spur-gear]] drive instead of chain. In his final design, resembling a railway locomotive, the [[cylinder (engine)|cylinder]]s were coupled directly outside the [[cranks]] of the [[driving-axle]].
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| ====H.P. Holt====
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| H.P. Holt constructed a small [[road-steamer]] in 1866. Able to reach a speed of twenty miles per hour on level roads, it had a [[vertical boiler]] at the rear and two separate [[twin cylinder engine]]s, each of which drove one rear wheel by means of a [[Chain drive|chain]] and [[sprocket wheels]].
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| ====Catley and Ayres of York====
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| In 1869, a small three wheeled vehicle propelled by a horizontal [[cylinder engine|twin cylinder engine]] which drove the rear axle by [[spur-gearing]]; only one rear wheel was driven, the other turning freely on the axle. A vertical [[boiler|fire-tube boiler]] was mounted at the rear with a polished copper casing over the fire box and chimney; the boiler was enclosed in a mahogany casing. The front wheel was used for steering and the weight was only 19 cwt.
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| ====J.H. Knight of Farnham====
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| 1868 - 1870, [[John Henry Knight]] of [[Farnham]] built a four wheeled steam carriage which originally only had a [[single-cylinder engine]].
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| ====R.W. Thomson of Aberdeen====
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| 1871, The [[road-steamer]] of R.W. Thomson of [[Aberdeen]] became famous because of wheels were shod with heavy solid rubber tyres.
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| ====Charles Randolph of Glasgow====
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| 1872, a [[steam-coach]] by Charles Randolph of [[Glasgow]] was 15 feet in length, weighed four and a half tons, but had a maximum speed of only 6 miles per hour; somewhat underpowered. Two vertical twin-cylinder engines where independent of one another and each drove one of the rear wheels by [[spur-gearing]]. The entire vehicle was enclosed and fitted with windows all around , carried six people, and even had two driving-mirrors for observing traffic approaching from behind; the earlier recorded instance of such a device.
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| ====R. Neville Grenville of Glastonbury====
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| In 1875, R. Neville Grenville of [[Glastonbury]] constructed a 3 wheeled [[steam vehicle]] and is still in existence. It traveled a maximum of 15 miles per hour. This vehicle is preserved in the [[Bristol]] city museum.
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| ====Amédée Bollée of Le Mans====
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| From 1873 to 1885, Amédée Bollée of [[Le Mans]] built several [[steam-coach]]s 12 to 6 places up to 60 KM/H (38 mph). It display an interesting modern lay-out which closely resemble that of much later [[motor car]]s.
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| ====Steam Tricycle====
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| :''See [[steam tricycle]]''
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| At the other end of the scale much lighter steam vehicles where being constructed such as the steam tricycle from the Comte de Dion in 1887.
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| ===Petroleum (gasoline / diesel ) Motor-Carriages===
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| :''See [[motor-carriage]]''
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| :''See [[Model T|Ford's model T]]''
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| :''See [[Automobile]]''
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| ===Road trains===
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| A [[road train]] is a truck design used in remote areas of Australia to move bulky loads efficiently.
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| ===The Motor Cycle===
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| :''See [[Motorcycle]]''
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| :''See [[Gottlieb Daimler]]
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| ==Mechanical Rail-Vehicles==
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| :''see [[Train]]s''
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| :''see [[Tram]]s''
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| ==Mechanical water vehicles==
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| :''see [[Boat]]s''
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| :''see [[Ship]]s''
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| ==Mechanical under-water vehicles==
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| :''see [[submarine]]s''
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| ==Mechanical air vehicles==
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| :''see [[aircraft]]''
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| :''
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| ==Mechanical snow vehicles==
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| :''see [[snowmobile]]''
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| ==Types of vehicles==
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| *[[Auto rickshaw]]s
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| *[[Bicycle]]s
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| *[[Bus]]es
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| *[[automobile|Car]]s
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| *[[Coach (vehicle)|Coach]]es
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| *[[Van]]s
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| *[[Types of vehicles]]
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| *[[:Category:Vehicles|More...]]
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| == Acronyms and abbreviations ==
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| {{Main|Vehicle acronyms and abbreviations}}
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| == See also ==
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| {{portalpar|Automobile}}
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| : ''Main: [[List of basic vehicle topics]]''
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| * [[ADAC]], car [[ranking]].
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| * [[Automobile]]
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| * [[Vehicular communication systems]]
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| ==External links==
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| *[http://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/ Green Vehicle Guide]
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| *[http://techpuddle.com/category/transportation/ Automotive Technology]
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| *[http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/cars Vehicle Information]
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| *[http://www.uberreview.com/2006/09/the-worlds-most-unique-vehicles.htm/ Strangest Vehicles In The World]
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| [[Category:Transportation]]
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| [[Category:Vehicles| ]]
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