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BMW M5
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The BMW M5 is a high-performance version of the BMW 5-Series automobile made by BMW M GmbH. M5 versions of the E28, E34, E39 and E60 5-Series have been made.
E28 M5 (1985-1988)
- Main article: BMW M5 (E28)
The first M5, which is based on the E28 5-Series, made its debut at the 1984 Amsterdam Motor Show. It was the product of demand for an automobile with the carrying capacity of a saloon (sedan), but the overall performance of a sports car. It utilized the 535i chassis and an evolution of the engine from the BMW M1. The M5 was handbuilt by Motorsport technicians and was the fastest production saloon (sedan) in the world. It was also designed to beat the Mercedes M class and E class.
The M5 was offered in four different versions. The first version was the Left Hand Drive (LHD) Euro Spec M5. The second version was the Right Hand Drive (RHD) Spec M5. The third version was the North American Spec (NA or so-called 1988) M5. The fourth version was the South African (ZA) Spec M5. It's worth noting that production fo the M5 continued well into Calendar Year 1988, ending in November of 1988 which was well after production of the E28 chassis ended in Germany in December 1987.
The LHD, RHD Euro Spec M5s and the ZA spec M5s had the M88/3 powerplant which delivered 286 hp DIN (210 kW) whereas the North American 1988 M5 was equipped with the S38 6-Cylinder engine that had a catalytic converter, which reduced the power output to 256 hp DIN (191 kW). The S38 differed from the M88/3 in that it had 9.8:1 compression versus the M88/3's 10.5:1. The S38 also used a dual-row timing chain where the M88/1 used a single-row chain. Initially 500 were to be made for the US Market, BMW later increased production to as many as 1,370 units for the US and Canadian Markets although the generally accepted figure is 1,244 units sold.
The NA Spec Models are unique in that technically there were all finished in Schwarz (Black) with Natur (Tan) interiors. The otherwise virtually identical Canadian-Spec M5s were also available with Black interiors as an option however a handful of US Models were also equipped with Black interiors.
US VINs range from 2791000-2792000 and 2875000-2875320 Car # 2791000 is not known to have been built and not all VINs are known to have been used. The first handful of cars built in November and December of 1986 were issued Federal compliance labels showing a 1/87 build date. As has been speculated earlier, physical confirmation of the VIN of the US M5 kept in BMW North America's Mobile Tradition collection is a 287 series car, a later 1987 build date car.
While every NA-Spec E28 M5 was a 1988 Model Year car, production of North American specification M5s commenced in November of 1986 and ended in November of 1987. Excepting 96 units that were assembled in kit form at BMW's Plant in Rosslyn, South Africa, all E28 M5s were assembled by hand at BMW Motorsport in Garching.
With a total production of 2,191 the E28 M5 remains the rarest regular production BMW Motorsport car.
Specification
- DC91: (LHD EURO) => M88/3 engine 286 hp (DIN) 588 Units produced
- DC92: (RHD EURO) => M88/3 engine 286 hp (DIN) 187 Units produced
- DC93: (LHD US) => S38B35 engine 256 hp (SAE) 1,320 Units produced
- DC98: (RHD SA) => M88/3 engine 286 hp (DIN) 96 Units produced (DC98 and DC99)
- DC99: (RHD SA) => M88/3 naucer engine 286 hp (DIN).
Performance
At the time of sale, BMW quoted the following (relatively poor) 0-60 times to give the impression that the E28 M5 did not outperform the more expensive, heavier and top-of-the-range E24 M635csi (BMW M6).
- (Euro) - 286 hp 0-60 mph - 6.2 s. Top Speed: {{#ifeq:|on|}}{{convert/{{#if:1|mi:h}}|153|{{#ifeq:{{#expr:km:h*0}}|0|0}}|km:h|0|||r={{#ifeq:{{{sp}}}|us|er|re}}|d=LoffAonDbSoff|s=}}
- (USA) - 256 hp 0-60 mph - 6.5 s. Top Speed: {{#ifeq:|on|}}{{convert/{{#if:1|mi:h}}|148|{{#ifeq:{{#expr:km:h*0}}|0|0}}|km:h|0|||r={{#ifeq:{{{sp}}}|us|er|re}}|d=LoffAonDbSoff|s=}}
Tuners
- Whilst BMW Motorsport did not build any special versions of the E28 M5, the German tuner Hartge produced the Hartge H35S-24, a 330 PS (325 hp/243 kW) version of the E28 M5. Main modifications over and above the standard E28 M5 were revised cams, a modified exhaust, modified Motronic ECU programming and a revised (and lowered) suspension setup.
- Alpina limited their tuning efforts to the older M30 engine powered models. The Alpina B7 Turbo produced 330 hp with 0-60 times of 4.7 sec and a top speed of {{#ifeq:|on|}}{{convert/{{#if:1|mi:h}}|168|{{#ifeq:{{#expr:km:h*0}}|0|0}}|km:h|0|||r={{#ifeq:{{{sp}}}|us|er|re}}|d=LoffAonDbSoff|s=}}.
E34 M5 (1989-1995)
- Main article: BMW M5 (E34)
The E34 M5 was produced from 1989 to 1995, although sales in North America started in 1991 and ended in 1993. It was produced at BMW M GmbH in Garching, Germany and like the previous M5, was entirely hand-built. It utilized the 535i chassis which was produced at BMW's Dingolfing plant. Assembly was done either by a single M employee or a team of M employees and generally took about two weeks. It is rumored that the test drivers of the E34 M5 could determine who or what team made each specific M5, due to characteristic quirks of the handbuilt nature of the E34 M5. The engines were also built by hand by BMW M technicians. All of the E34 M5 powerplants were built to a tolerance of within 5% of advertised output.
The early E34 M5 used an evolution of the 24-valve I6 found in the E28 M5 and E24 M635CSi/M6. Designated S38B36, the engine technically remains a 3.5 L, with a bore of 93.4 mm and stroke of 86 mm for a total capacity of 3535 cc. The added stroke is due to a new forged steel crankshaft, though the camshafts were also changed. Compression was up slightly (10:1 versus 9.8:1). Other adjustments made included an electronically controlled butterfly valve in the intake plenum which provided better low rpm and mid-range power. The engine also featured an improved flywheel, Bosch Motronic fuel injection, equal length stainless steel headers and three way ceramic catalysts. Originally it had a displacement of 3.5 L and produced 315 hp (235 kW), and 266 lb•ft @ 4750 rpm. Cars sold in North America and Switzerland which, due to a different catalytic converter, produced 310 hp (229 kW).
In second half of 1991, the engine displacement was increased to 3.8 L with the S38B38, except in North America and South Africa, which continued with the 3.5 L engine. Power was now increased to 340 hp (250 kW) SAE . Also in 1992, a Touring version was introduced in LHD form only 891 cars were made.
The M5 came with an unusual wheel design. From 1989-1992 the M5 featured the M-System wheels. These wheels were 8x17J, but came with a bolted-on wheel cover. Under the cover was a black 5-spoke alloy wheel. The press was critical of the design, often claiming it gave the M5 the appearance of having "white-wall" tires. In 1992 BMW changed the design and a new cover was produced – the M-System II. The original intent of the M-System cover was to direct more air to the brake assembly to increase cooling. The cover actually integrated a fin assembly behind the cover. The M-System II covers, known as the "throwing stars" did not have as much capability to direct air to the brake assemblies. In may 1994, the M5 came with M Parallel wheels that did away with the cover.
Specification
- HD91 (89-92 LHD Euro) I6-24v 3.6 L - 232 kW/315 hp (DIN) (only available with 5-speed manual transmission)
- HD92 (89-91 RHD Euro) I6-24v 3.6 L - 232 kW/315 hp (DIN) (only available with 5-speed manual transmission)
- HD93 (89-93 LHD US) I6-24v 3.6 L - 232 kW/310 hp (SAE) (only available with 5-speed manual transmission)
- HD98 (90-93 RHD SA) I6-24v 3.6 L - 232 kW/315 hp (DIN) (only available with 5-speed manual transmission) made in South Africa from CKD kit supplied from Germany.
- HC91 (91-94 LHD Euro) I6-24v 3.8 L - 250 kW/340 hp (SAE) (only available with 5-speed manual transmission)
- HC91 (94-95 LHD Euro) I6-24v 3.8 L - 250 kW/340 hp (SAE) (only available with 6-speed manual transmission)
- HC92 (92-94 RHD Euro) I6-24v 3.8 L - 250 kW/340 hp (SAE) (only available with 5-speed manual transmission)
- HC92 (94-95 RHD Euro) I6-24v 3.8 L - 250 kW/340 hp (SAE) (only available with 6-speed manual transmission)
- HJ91 (92-94 LHD Euro Touring) I6-24v 3.8 L - 250 kW/340 hp (SAE) (only available with 5-speed manual transmission)
- HJ91 (94-95 LHD Euro Touring) I6-24v 3.8 L - 250 kW/340 hp (SAE) (only available with 6-speed manual transmission)
- 89-95 (ECE/GB/USA) - (no automatic transmission available)
Performance
- 89-92 (Euro) I6-24v 3.6 L - 232 kW/315 hp 0-60 mph - 6.3 s. Top speed: 155 mph (electronic limited)
- 92-95 (Euro) I6-24v 3.8 L - 250 kW/340 hp 0-60 mph - 5.9. Top speed: 250 km/h (155 mph) (electronic limited) 273 km/h (170 mph) (without electronic limiter) gps verified in 2003 (3.8 6 speed) vw test track
91-93 (USA) I6-24v 3.6 L - 229 kW/311 hp 0-60 mph - 6.4 s. Top speed: 155 mph (electronic limited)
*
Special versions
- Cecotto Edition — A total of 22 Cecotto E34 M5s were produced with options of having either Lagoon Green metallic (266) and Mauritius Blue metallic paint (287).
- Winkelhock Edition — A total of 51 Winkelhock E34 M5s were produced with the options of having Jet Black (668) with contrasting lower body panels in Sterling Silver metallic paint (244)no foglights and manual rear windows helped to lower the weight.
- 20 Jahre Motorsport Edition — To celebrate BMW Motorsport 20th anniversary, BMW had built 20 specially equipped Euro-spec M5s in late 1992.
- UK Limited Edition — To commemorate the end of right-hand drive E34 M5 production, 50 examples of the E34 M5 Limited Edition were assembled between March and June of 1995.
- Elekta - 20 M5 Tourings were assembled for distribution in Italy. These were finished in either Sterling Silver over Marine Blue leather or British Racing Green over Tobacco leather. All were made in 1995. It is debated as to whether or not these cars constitute a true special edition as they were ordered directly by a group of Italian BMW dealers.
- Alpina B10 3.5 — with 254 hp the 5-series could do 0-60 in 7.0 seconds and maximum of 157 mph (252 km/h). There is only 572 of this Alpina ever produced, 5speed manual and 4speed automatic.
- Alpina B10 Bi-Turbo — With the 3.5l twin turbocharged I6 Alpina produced about 360 hp and launch from 0-60 in 5.1 second and official speed of 181 mph (291 km/h). 507 Bi-turbo was made, the 50 last has the M60: s wider front and blue instruments. This was also the fastest 4-door saloon(sedan) to 1996, 5speed manual only.
- Alpina B10 4,0 - with 315 hp a tuned version of the ground model (540i) M60B40 4 litre V8, 45 Sedan cars made and only 4 Touring was made between 1993 and 1995, two transmissions 6speed manual (from 1994) and 5speed automatic.
- Alpina B10 4,6 - with 340 hp 480 Nm with an engine specially made for this model that also have 540i as a ground model, 27 Sedan and 19 Touring was made between 1994 and 1996, two transmissions 6 speed manual and Switchtronic.
E39 M5 (1999-2003)
Unlike its predecessors, the E39 M5 was not handbuilt at the BMW M GmbH factory; it was produced on the same assembly line as the normal E39 5-series at the Dingolfing factory in Germany.
Introduced in 1998 at the Geneva Motor Show, production did not begin until late October of that year. A total of 20,482 E39 M5s were made from 1999 to 2003. BMW M produced three versions of the E39 M5, the European LHD and RHD versions and the North American specification version.
The E39 M5 had a highly tuned V8 engine based on the M62 engine called the S62, which displaced 4.9 L and produced 394 bhp. The engine featured a 7000 rpm redline, Double-VANOS, which varies the intake and exhaust valves for both cylinder banks, and individual throttle butterflies for each of the cylinders, allowing for a much faster engine response time.
All E39 M5s were equipped with a Getrag Type D six-speed manual transmission with the following gearing ratios:
- First gear: 4.23
- Second gear: 2.54
- Third gear: 1.62
- Fourth gear: 1.23
- Fifth gear: 1.00
- Sixth gear: 0.83
It is the same transmission used in the E39 540i but some changes were made to cope with the extra power the S62 engine produced. A reinforced clutch, rear differential utilizing a shorter 3.15:1 ratio and a limited slip differential with 25% maximum locking.
The E39 M5 suspension shared its basic aluminium-intensive MacPherson strut/multi-link design of the V8 E39 5 series. However, several changes were made by BMW M. Reduced spring height, 0.9 inch (23 mm) lower. A specific shock valving, thicker front and rear anti-roll bars, polyurethane auxiliary springs and steel balljoints.
Like all V8-powered E39 models, the E39 M5 was equipped with a recirculating-ball steering system. Overall steering ratio was reduced to 14.7 from 17.9 it featured a servotronic vehicle-speed-sensitive power assist that provides two levels of resistance controlled via console mounted Sport button. The Sport button also adjusted the electronic throttle butterflies for faster throttle response. The E39 M5 is equipped with four-wheel vented disc brakes measuring 13.6" in diameter in front and 12.9" in diameter in the rear. On European-specification models, the rotors are of a "floating" two-piece design for reduced risk of cone distortion. Their lower unsprung weight improves ride quality and traction on bumpy surfaces as well. Anti-lock brakes were standard.
During its 5 years in production, there were some cosmetic changes, these include:
- Revised headlight design incorporating illuminated "Angel Eye" rings
- Jeweled Celis tail light design
- Park Distance Control sensors in the front bumper (previously in rear only)
- Thicker three-spoke M steering wheel identical to the one fitted to the E46 M3
- Grey instrument panel
- Improved solar sensor for standard automatic climate control
- Revised navigation/audio unit with larger (6.5-inch) monitor
- Rear head protection airbags added
- Second-generation M Mobility tire repair system in place of earlier version
- Available M Audio System with special tweeters, Kevlar/carbon coaxial speakers and two subwoofers behind the rear console
- Alcantara headliner included with Extended Leather interior (previously only included with Complete Leather)
For the subsequent two model years, changes were limited to the addition of new exterior colors (from 9/01 production) and the upgrade to a DVD-based navigation system (from 9/02 production).
The E39 M5 is capable of accelerating from 0-62 mph in 4.9 seconds* and electronically limited to a top speed of {{#ifeq:|on|}}{{convert/{{#if:1|mi:h}}|155|{{#ifeq:{{#expr:km:h*0}}|0|0}}|km:h|0|||r={{#ifeq:{{{sp}}}|us|er|re}}|d=LoffAonDbSoff|s=}}*, making it the fastest 4-door sedan in the world at that time.
* (factory sheet)
Trivia
- The E39 M5 was almost not built at all. BMW believed that the 286 bhp 540i was powerful enough, but when Jaguar rolled out the XJR (320 hp) and Mercedes-Benz introduced the W-210 E55, which had over 350 bhp (354 hp), BMW responded to the competition with a 394 bhp M5. The E39 M5 was the fastest factory line production for a sedan that time in the world.
Specification
- 4.9 L V8-32v - 394 hp (294 kW) with catalytic converter
Performance
- 394 hp (294 kW) 0-62 mph - *4.9 s. Top Speed: 155 mph (250 km/h) (electronic limited), 202 mph (305 km/h ) (without electronic limiter)
* (factory sheet) 11
E60 M5 (2006-present)
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The E60 M5 was introduced in 2006. It has a naturally aspirated 5.0 L BMW V10 S85 engine redlining at 8250 rpm and developing a peak output of 500 SAE hp (507 PS, 373 kW) with 383 ft•lbf of torque. Unlike some other BMW engines which utilize Valvetronic to infinitely vary valve lift to eliminate the throttle plate, this engine has 1 individual throttle body per cylinder. This gives it quicker response. Other key features include a stiffened aluminum chassis and a 7-speed SMG II manual transmission.
The BMW M5, along with the new M6, were designed to use the new SMG II electrohydraulic manual transmission. Therefore, they will initially only be offered with this new transmission except in the USA. The innovative gearbox is very responsive at the track, shifting very quickly, but for open-road driving, its smoothness depends upon the shift settings. Very fast shifts can be jerky even in full automatic mode. Selecting a slower shift from the five settings available gives a progressively softer change. SMG is automatic, but it does not have the smoothing effect of a torque converter. There was a relative uproar amongst the fans and buyer-base in the US when the SMG-only M5 was announced; however, in October 2006 BMW announced that a 6-speed manual transmission would be available in North America based on suggestions from the motoring press. Unfortunately, this gearbox unavoidably reduces acceleration performance slightly. The 6-speed manual M5 was marginally slower, since the stability control cannot be disengaged as per the SMG version. The SMG III includes the "Launch Control" feature, which allows maximum performance standing starts automatically. However, the US spec vehicles have a reduced rpm to prevent vehicle damage and abuse.
The M5 features several F1 inspired engine and transmission controls including launch control, dynamic stability control, and the option of changing to either automated or manual as well as the speed at which shifts are completed (there are 11 shift programs in total forming what BMW calls Drivelogic). Manual shifting can be done with either a floor shifter or the steering column-mounted shift paddles (another F1-inspired feature), both of which are fitted to all SMG M5's. The floor shifter is the type used on manumatic transmissions; tipping it backward (toward the "+") shifts up, while a forward tip (toward the "-") shifts down. The shifter can be moved to the left to access neutral and reverse. The car also features a "power" button on the steering wheel (labeled "M") which offers access to three modes: P400 (limiting the engine to 400 hp for daily driving use), P500 (unleashes the full 507 hp) and P500 S (for full power and sharper throttle response). P400 is the default start-up mode, the P500 modes are preselected using i-Drive and then activated from P400 using the "M" button.
Other than a jerky gearbox and ride problems, the E60's criticisms are the lack of low-end torque and excessive fuel consumption, in addition to the general design criticisms of the Chris Bangle E60 body.
Performance
- 0-100 km/h: 4.7 s<ref name="bmw.de">Template:Citation/core{{#if:|}}</ref>
- (0-60 mph: 4.1 s, Road & Track [2/06])
- Top speed: 250 km/h (155 mph) with limiter; 330 km/h (205 mph) without
- Power: Template:Auto PS at 7750 rpm
- Torque: 520 nm (383 ft. lbs.) at 6100 rpm
Innovations
M Sport automobiles have a renowned tradition of offering blistering performance and the comfort of a luxury sedan. The new 2006-2007 M5 features some of BMW latest innovations including a new head-up display, a new iteration of BMW's EDC (Electronic Damper Control), which constantly adjusts the suspension to environmental and vehicular conditions, and can also be set in three modes, comfort, normal and sport. Furthermore, the new M5 also features the VANOS variable valve timing system, and EMC (engine management system) which sports the most powerful computer processor currently approved for automobiles, the MS S65 processor. This processor also controls and measures many other now 'standard' safety and performance systems such as the DSC (dynamic stability program), which incorporates traction control as well as various other mechanical and electronic systems.
Tuners
- BMW Motorsport has not yet produced any special variants of the E60. However, German tuner Hartge has created a modified version without the electronic speed limiter; it also features upgraded wheels and tires to cope with high speed.
- Hamann "Edition Race" — Tuner Hamann produces several E60 variants, but the most exotic is "Edition Race," with a wide body-kit, larger wheels and tires, a tuned engine (including removal of the speed limiter), and customized interior details. It has a top speed of about 192 mph (down from the stock 206+ mph due to the drag from the wider tires).
- Italian tuner Racing Dynamics (RD Sport in US) offers an engine tuning program for the E60 M5 called the RS56 with increased capacity from 5.0 to 5.6 L and 648 hp].<ref name="racdyn.com">Template:Citation/core{{#if:|}}</ref>
- Currency Motors claims it has tuned the twin turbo 5.0L V10 of M5 which produce 810 bhp, and 0 to {{#ifeq:|on|}}{{convert/{{#if:1|mi:h}}|60|{{#ifeq:{{#expr:km:h*0}}|0|0}}|km:h|-1|||r={{#ifeq:{{{sp}}}|us|er|re}}|d=LoffAonDbSoff|s=}} in 3.6 seconds, with an estimated top speed of {{#ifeq:|on|}}{{convert/{{#if:1|mi:h}}|240|{{#ifeq:{{#expr:km:h*0}}|0|0}}|km:h|-1|||r={{#ifeq:{{{sp}}}|us|er|re}}|d=LoffAonDbSoff|s=}}, and with the price of 350,000 USD, which would makes it the most powerful 4 door saloon car in the world. The tuning industry is highly sceptical of these claims and no independent test has yet been published<ref name="worldcarfans.com">Template:Citation/core{{#if:|}}</ref>
E61 M5 Touring (2007-present)
The E61 M5 Touring was introduced in 2007, only the second M version of the 5-Series Touring after the E34. It shares the same drivetrain with its sedan sibling and serves as a rival to the Audi RS6 Avant and Mercedes-Benz E63 AMG Estate. BMW of North America has stated that there are no plans to export the M5 Touring to North America.
See also
Notes
<references/>
External links
- BMW M5 Official BMW M5 Site
- 2008 M5 prices and specs
de:BMW M5 es:BMW M5 it:BMW M5 nl:BMW M5 no:BMW M5 sv:BMW M5
Video game appearances
- Need for Speed: High Stakes featured a E39 M5.
- Gran Turismo 4, features an E60 M5.
- Project Gotham Racing 4, is set to feature an E60 M5
